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Blu-ray Disc:

Blu-ray Disc March 7, 2005 James Huguenin-Love

Evolution:

Evolution Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” VHS: analog DVD: digital BD: high-definition Enables recording, rewriting, and playback of high-definition video Capable of storing information that the DVD and CD are not capable of holding

Foundation:

Foundation Blu-ray disc (BD) is appropriately named after the blue laser used to write the data The first blue laser was developed in 1996 by Shuji Nakamura (Nichia Corporation) In 2002, an alliance was formed, called the Blu-ray Disc Association, including the likes of Sony, Samsung, Sharp, Hewlett-Packard, and Royal Phillips The “e” is intentionally left out of the name due to trademark restrictions

Disc Characteristics:

Disc Characteristics Single layer: 25 GB Dual layer: 50 GB Diameter: 120 mm Thickness: 1.2 mm Center hole diameter: 15 mm Uses GaN laser of wavelength 400 nm The smaller laser, compared to the DVD and CD, keeps the process more efficient (~5 mW) Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper”

Disc Characteristics:

Disc Characteristics Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” The power conservation allows the development of multi-layer platforms and high-speed recording BD-ROM: read-only format BD-R and BD-RE: recordable formats (RE: rewritable; R: recordable once)

Disc Characteristics:

Disc Characteristics Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” Numerical Aperature measures the ability of a lens to gather and focus light. As the numerical aperture increases, the focusing power increases and the beam size decreases Phase change implies that the disc section is either an amorphous or crystalline state. The reflectivity changes accordingly thus representing a binary bit

Recorder Characteristics:

Recorder Characteristics Over two hours of HDTV can be placed on a single layer BD, which correlates to over 13 hours for standard TV The transfer rate is 36 megabits per second At 1x speed, it takes approximately 1.5 hours to record an entire single layer BD Recorder Cost: $1,500 - $2,500; BD Cost: $26 Expected to be available in the U.S. by 2006

Compatibility:

Compatibility Courtesy <http://www.jvc-victor.co.jp/english/press/2004/bd-dvd.html> This issue has introduced a competitor, the HD-DVD, that based its technology around being compatible with the DVD Recently the BDA has developed recorders that are BD/DVD/CD compatible JVC has advanced the BD by developing a BD/DVD combo disc that stores both DVD and BD data. It is composed of two DVD layers and a third BD layer storing 33.5 GB total

Protection System:

Protection System HDTV contains a copyright bit that is detected by the BD recorder. If the broadcast has no copyright bit, then the BD recorder is allowed to store the information Uses the Data Encryption Standard (DES) that has a key length of 56 bits A Key Block and Disc ID are written into the ROM area to prevent illegal copying

Enhancements:

Enhancements Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” Error rates increased in reading and writing after the original BD suffered scratches and fingerprints For protection, the prototype BD was enclosed in a case The case increased the size of the disc drive

Enhancements:

Enhancements Courtesy Blu-ray Disc Founders “Blu-ray Disc Format White Paper” A hard coat was derived of an ultraviolet-curable resin that has a scratch resistance similar to the DVD An artificial fingerprint reagent is placed on the disc surface to resist fingerprint oils

Future:

Future Expect the BD to become more prevalent once the HDTV market establishes its presence Audio and video will reach higher qualities with larger storage space Look for BD with more than two layers as the technology is further refined