Persuasive Speaking

Persuasive Speaking: 

Persuasive Speaking CHAPTER 17

What is persuasive speaking?: 

What is persuasive speaking? A speech that is intended to change, reinforce, or create attitudes or behaviors. i.e. Political speakers, religious speakers, motivational speakers, sales people, etc.

Changing attitudes or behavior: 

Changing attitudes or behavior Persuasive communication relies heavily on your ability to show the listener that he/she will benefit by making the change.

Reinforcing attitudes or behavior: 

Reinforcing attitudes or behavior Sometimes attitudes or behaviors change with time or new exposure to ideas or products. Those who do not want that change must reinforce the current behavior.

Creating attitudes or behaviors: 

Creating attitudes or behaviors Creating an attitude or behavior occurs when the audience has no prior knowledge of the subject or product. In order for the audience to create a new attitude or behavior, the speaker must make sure that the audience understands the subject. This type of speech is also the type to inform.

Types of Persuasive Speeches: 

Types of Persuasive Speeches

Propositions of Fact: 

Propositions of Fact Propositions of value Propositions of Policy People believe what they accept as a fact. Can be proven right or wrong. i.e. A prosecuting attorney trying to convince a jury that the defendant is guilty is an example of a proposition of fact. Values incorporates judgments about such things as what’s good or bad, right or wrong, fair or unfair, proper or improper. Cannot be proven i.e. Creating jobs should be the United States number one goal. The speaker can ask the audience to support a policy. Policy speeches propose a course of action that the audience should take. i.e. The students should convince the school board to cancel the dress policy – or – the school should incorporate a new program.

Activity time!: 

Activity time! Below are a list of ideas for a persuasive speech. You will need to decide if the topic is a speech of fact, value, or policy The purpose of my speech is to persuade the school board to create a MADD program at the school. The purpose of my speech is to persuade my fellow classmates to drink more water on a daily basis. The purpose of my speech is to persuade the townspeople that more sledding accidents occur on icy hills. The purpose of my speech is to persuade teenagers that corporal punishment is morally wrong. The purpose of my speech is to persuade the audience that all children should receive the H1N1 shot. The purpose of my speech is to persuade the school administration that the graduation requirements should be lowered. POLICY FACT FACT VALUE VALUE POLICY

Knowledge check! : 

Knowledge check! You will need to come up with two propositions of fact, value, and policy. You will have 10 minutes to complete this exercise.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs Abraham Maslow classified human needs into five categories. The hierarchy of needs is an arrangement of those needs in order of their importance. According to Maslow, the needs become more complex and more difficult to achieve the higher one moves up on the hierarchy (371).

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Physiological Needs…: 

Physiological Needs… …are needs to keep a person alive: food, water, air, sleep, and shelter

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Safety Needs…: 

Safety Needs… Involves one’s well-being or sense of security.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Belongingness Needs…: 

Belongingness Needs…

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Self-Esteem Needs…: 

Self-Esteem Needs… ..refers to the feelings people have about themselves. People need to like and feel good about themselves before others can.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs BELONGINGNESS NEEDS SAFETY NEEDS PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS SELF-ESTEEM NEEDS SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Self-Actualization Needs: 

Self-Actualization Needs The final step/level of need. If you have achieved this step, you have accomplished all that you wanted. Not all people will reach self-actualization! Where are you on the hierarchy? YOU?

Persuasive strategies: 

Persuasive strategies Appeals based on logic (logos) Appeals based on Speaker Credibility (Ethos) Appeals based on Emotion (Pathos) Fear Appeals – common emotional appeal; most effective persuasive device. Humor – humor by itself is usually not an effective persuasive device. You can use it to build credibility. Compassion – used to sympathize with others to feel what they are feeling. Pride – can be directed at self, others, or ideals.

Motivated sequence: 

Motivated sequence Attention Step – grab the listener’s attention Need Step – give the listener a reason for accepting your message **MOST IMPORTANT STEP IN THE MOTIVATED SEQUENCE** Satisfaction (Solution) Step – you will identify the behavior you want to change Visualization Step – helps listeners understand how the solution works. Action Step – tells listeners how to implement the solution

Artistic methods: 

Artistic methods Ethos: Appeals based on speaker’s character Logos: Appeals to audience’s rationality Pathos: Appeals to the audience’s emotions

Ethos: 

Ethos Commercials use ethos when they present testimonials for a product or when they use an actor whose TV or movie character is likable. Both make us feel safe and secure.

logos: 

logos Commercials use logic to persuade us by providing statistics or demonstrations that “prove” the product’s value to customers.

pathos: 

pathos Commercials that appeal to our emotions by showing us how popular, happy, attractive, or successful we will be if we buy the product or service.

Partner work!: 

Partner work! Open up your Public Speaking Today textbooks and turn to page 386. Find a partner (1 other person) and complete question #1 under “Thinking Critically About Public Speaking.” You will have 20 minutes to complete it and turn it in for a grade.