WAP

Wireless Application Protocol : 

Wireless Application Protocol BY P.RamaKrishna II-MCA 10025

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WAP is an application communication protocol WAP is used to access services and information WAP is inherited from Internet standards WAP uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML) WML is defined as an XML 1.0 application What Is WAP?

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The basic AIM of WAP is to provide a web-like experience on small portable devices - like mobile phones and PDAs.

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WML – Wireless Markup Language formerly Is a tag language that allows the text portions of Web Pages to be presented on cellular phones WML is used for delivering data to WAP devices, and is HTML- like in its appearance. WML

History : 

History The WAP Forum dates from 1997. It aimed primarily to bring together the various wireless technologies in a standardized protocol WAP 1.X The WAP Forum

WAP Features : 

WAP Features A programming model similar to the Internet WMLScript Wireless Telephony Application(WTA) Optimized protocol stack

Architecture : 

Architecture

Architecture Overview : 

Architecture Overview WWW programming model is optimized and extended to match characteristics of the wireless environment Utilizes proxy technology to connect between the wireless domain and WWW

: 

WAP Device - Is used to access WAP applications and content. It might be a PDA, handheld computer. WAP Client - Entity that receives content from Internet via a WAP Gateway. This is usually the WAP Browser. WAP Content/Origin/Application Server - Element in the network where the information or web/WAP applications resides.

Components of WAP Architecture : 

Components of WAP Architecture Bearers :

Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) : 

Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) This layer provides a lightweight session layer to allow efficient exchange of data between applications. Optimized for low-bandwidth bearer networks with long latency Most of the requests contain static headers that need to be re-sent again.

Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) : 

Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) Light weight transaction-oriented protocol Three classes of transaction services Unreliable one-way requests Reliable one-way requests Reliable two-way request-reply transactions

Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) : 

Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) Based on industry-standard Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol Features: Data integrity Privacy Authentication Denial-of-service protection

Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) : 

Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) The WAP datagram protocol (WDP) is the Transport layer that sends and receives messages via any available bearer network Operates above the data capable bearer services supported by various network types.

WAP Security : 

WAP Security Authentication Confidentiality Integrity Authorization

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WAP Security(Cont’d) Non-Repudiation Cryptography  Key Exchange

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Open standard, vendor independent network-standard independent transport mechanism–optimized for wireless data bearers application downloaded from the server, enabling fast service creation and introduction, as opposed to embedded software Advantages

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Under-specification of terminal requirements user interface capabilities Lack of good authoring tools DISADVANTAGES

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Conclusion WAP, a protocol that has been standardized and deployed WAP interfaces with different entities through the use of a gateway/proxy and a set of lightweight data presentation/formatting scripts News, stock rates, shopping, and advanced calling services done via mobile.