PPL 11 The Book of Restoration

PPL 11: The Book of Restoration : 

PPL 11: The Book of Restoration Jeremiah 30-31

Introduction : 

Introduction Critical scholarship traditionally views Jer 30-31 as a post-exilic addition. Certainly a post 586 composition. Evidence of early Jeremianic preaching to the Northern remnant (Volz and Rudolph). Holladay’s theory (Northern and Southern recensions). Recent comparative studies and their conclusion: a Jeremianic production. Erbt, Lundbom, and the Mizpah sojourn

Structure : 

Structure Alternating between judgment and hope. Erbt’s theory of 31:18-20 as liturgy Volz and Krašovec – drama Jer 30-31 = a book within a book that responds to the deconstruction of distorted Zion theology encountered in 4:5 – 10:25 with a rebuilding of a healthy Zion theology.

Structure : 

Structure A) Judgment (30:5-7) Referent: Jacob (M) Hope (30:10-11) Referent: Jacob/Israel (M) B) Judgment (30:12-15) Referent: Zion (F) Hope (30:16-17) Referent: Zion (F) Hope (30:18-21) Referent: Jacob (M) Covenant formula (30:22) C) Judgment (30:23-24) Referent: Judah (M) Covenant formula (31:1) Hope (31:2-14) 31:2-3a Referent: Israel (M) 31:3b-6 Referent: Virgin Israel (F) 31:7-9 Referent: Jacob/Israel/Ephraim (M) B’) Lament (31:15) Referent: Rachel (F) Promise (31:16-17) Referent: Rachel (F) A’) Lament (31:18-19) Referent: Ephraim (M) Promise (31:20-22) Referent: Virgin Israel (F)

Jer 30:1-3 : 

Jer 30:1-3 The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD: 2 "Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel: Write in a book all the words that I have spoken to you. 3 For behold, days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will restore the fortunes of my people, Israel and Judah, says the LORD, and I will bring them back to the land that I gave to their fathers, and they shall take possession of it."

Jer 30:4-11 : 

Jer 30:4-11 These are the words that the LORD spoke concerning Israel and Judah: 5 "Thus says the LORD: We have heard a cry of panic, of terror, and no peace. 6 Ask now, and see, can a man bear a child? Why then do I see every man with his hands on his stomach like a woman in labor? Why has every face turned pale? 7 Alas! That day is so great there is none like it; it is a time of distress for Jacob; yet he shall be saved out of it. 8 "And it shall come to pass in that day, declares the LORD of hosts, that I will break his yoke from off your neck, and I will burst your bonds, and foreigners shall no more make a servant of him.

Jer 30:4-11 : 

Jer 30:4-11 9 But they shall serve the LORD their God and David their king, whom I will raise up for them. 10 "Then fear not, O Jacob my servant, declares the LORD, nor be dismayed, O Israel; for behold, I will save you from far away, and your offspring from the land of their captivity. Jacob shall return and have quiet and ease, and none shall make him afraid. 11 For I am with you to save you, declares the LORD; I will make a full end of all the nations among whom I scattered you, but of you I will not make a full end. I will discipline you in just measure, and I will by no means leave you unpunished.

Jer 30:12-17 : 

Jer 30:12-17 "For thus says the LORD: Your hurt is incurable, and your wound is grievous. 13 There is none to uphold your cause, no medicine for your wound, no healing for you. 14 All your lovers have forgotten you; they care nothing for you; for I have dealt you the blow of an enemy, the punishment of a merciless foe, because your guilt is great, because your sins are flagrant. 15 Why do you cry out over your hurt? Your pain is incurable. Because your guilt is great, because your sins are flagrant, I have done these things to you. 16 Assuredly, all who devour you shall be devoured, and all your foes, every one of them, shall go into captivity; those who plunder you shall be plundered, and all who prey on you I will make a prey. 17 For I will restore health to you, and your wounds I will heal, declares the LORD, because they have called you an outcast: 'It is Zion, for whom no one cares!'

Jer 30:18 – 31:1 : 

Jer 30:18 – 31:1 "Thus says the LORD: Behold, I will restore the fortunes of the tents of Jacob and have compassion on his dwellings; the city shall be rebuilt on its mound, and the palace shall stand where it used to be.19 Out of them shall come songs of thanksgiving, and the voices of those who celebrate. I will multiply them, and they shall not be few; I will make them honored, and they shall not be small.20 Their children shall be as they were of old, and their congregation shall be established before me, and I will punish all who oppress them.21 Their prince shall be one of themselves; their ruler shall come out from their midst; I will make him draw near, and he shall approach me, for who would dare of himself to approach me? declares the LORD.22 And you shall be my people, and I will be your God."

Jer 30:18 – 31:1 : 

Jer 30:18 – 31:1 23 Behold the storm of the LORD! Wrath has gone forth, a whirling tempest; it will burst upon the head of the wicked. 24 The fierce anger of the LORD will not turn back until he has executed and accomplished the intentions of his mind. In the latter days you will understand this. ESV Jeremiah 31:1 "At that time, declares the LORD, I will be the God of all the clans of Israel, and they shall be my people."

Jer 31:7-14 : 

Jer 31:7-14 23 Behold the storm of the LORD! Wrath has gone forth, a whirling tempest; it will burst upon the head of the wicked. 24 The fierce anger of the LORD will not turn back until he has executed and accomplished the intentions of his mind. In the latter days you will understand this. ESV Jeremiah 31:1 "At that time, declares the LORD, I will be the God of all the clans of Israel, and they shall be my people."

Three Stage Restoration : 

Three Stage Restoration N. Israel recalled from Assyrian captivity beginning with Josiah’s reform (2 Kgs 23:15-20) Judah delivered from Babylonian captivity and reunited with Israel under new David Nations submit to new David’s universal rule and are incorporated into God’s covenant people.

Jer 31:15-22 : 

Jer 31:15-22 Thus says the LORD: "A voice is heard in Ramah, lamentation and bitter weeping. Rachel is weeping for her children; she refuses to be comforted for her children, because they are no more." 16 Thus says the LORD: "Keep your voice from weeping, and your eyes from tears, for there is a reward for your work, declares the LORD, and they shall come back from the land of the enemy. 17 There is hope for your future, declares the LORD, and your children shall come back to their own country. 18 I have heard Ephraim grieving, 'You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined, like an untrained calf; bring me back that I may be restored, for you are the LORD my God.

Jer 31:15-22 : 

Jer 31:15-22 19 For after I had turned away, I relented, and after I was instructed, I slapped my thigh; I was ashamed, and I was confounded, because I bore the disgrace of my youth.' 20 Is Ephraim my dear son? Is he my darling child? For as often as I speak against him, I do remember him still. Therefore my heart yearns for him; I will surely have mercy on him, declares the LORD. 21 "Set up road markers for yourself; make yourself guideposts; consider well the highway, the road by which you went. Return, O virgin Israel, return to these your cities. 22 How long will you waver, O faithless daughter? For the LORD has created a new thing on the earth: a woman encircles a man."

Ramah: Rachel's tomb : 

Ramah: Rachel's tomb

Jer 31:23-30 : 

Jer 31:23-30 Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: "Once more they shall use these words in the land of Judah and in its cities, when I restore their fortunes: "' The LORD bless you, O habitation of righteousness, O holy hill!' 24 And Judah and all its cities shall dwell there together, and the farmers and those who wander with their flocks. 25 For I will satisfy the weary soul, and every languishing soul I will replenish." 26 At this I awoke and looked, and my sleep was pleasant to me.

Jer 31:23-30 : 

Jer 31:23-30 27 "Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah with the seed of man and the seed of beast. 28 And it shall come to pass that as I have watched over them to pluck up and break down, to overthrow, destroy, and bring harm, so I will watch over them to build and to plant, declares the LORD.29 In those days they shall no longer say: "' The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge.'30 But everyone shall die for his own sin. Each man who eats sour grapes, his teeth shall be set on edge.

Jer 31:31-34 : 

Jer 31:31-34 "Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, 32 not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the LORD. 33 But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the LORD: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. 34 And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, 'Know the LORD,' for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the LORD. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more."

Jer 31:35-40 : 

Jer 31:35-40 35 Thus says the LORD, who gives the sun for light by day and the fixed order of the moon and the stars for light by night, who stirs up the sea so that its waves roar- the LORD of hosts is his name: 36 "If this fixed order departs from before me, declares the LORD, then shall the offspring of Israel cease from being a nation before me forever." 37 Thus says the LORD: "If the heavens above can be measured, and the foundations of the earth below can be explored, then I will cast off all the offspring of Israel for all that they have done, declares the LORD." 38 "Behold, the days are coming, declares the LORD, when the city shall be rebuilt for the LORD from the tower of Hananel to the Corner Gate. 39 And the measuring line shall go out farther, straight to the hill Gareb, and shall then turn to Goah. 40 The whole valley of the dead bodies and the ashes, and all the fields as far as the brook Kidron, to the corner of the Horse Gate toward the east, shall be sacred to the LORD. It shall not be uprooted or overthrown anymore forever."

Excursus on New Covenant : 

Excursus on New Covenant Function of law in Mosaic covenant AFTER the exile. Exile as trigger for NC oracle and the place of the law in the NC. Popular misconceptions regarding role of law in NC Embodying a fulfilled law reinterpreted by Christ. The danger of returning to a Marcionite heresy