black quarter

Synonyms: Black - leg, Farrya:

Synonyms: Black - leg, Farrya Definition : It is an acute infectious and highly fatal, bacterial disease of cattle. Buffaloes, sheep and goats are also affected. Young cattle between 6-24 months of age, in good body condition are mostly affected. It is soil-borne infection which generally occurs during rainy season. In India, the disease is sporadic (1-2 animal) in nature.

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Etiology: It is caused by Clostridium chauvoei Transmission: The disease spreads through a) Ingestion of contaminated feed and b) Contamination of wounds.

Clinical signs:

Clinical signs Sudden onset of fever, depression and a loss of appetite. If the affected muscles are in the leg, the animal will become lame. The leg may be swollen, hot, and painful in the affected area. Limb muscles are the most common site of infection although muscles anywhere in the body, such as the tongue, can also be involved. A crackling sensation may be noted when the skin over the affected area is pressed; this is due to gas formation in the tissue.

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound :

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound:

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound:

Heavy muscles sawing deep wound

Symptoms :

Symptoms Fever (106-10S°F) Loss of appetite Depression, dullness Suspended rumination Rapid pulse and heart rates Difficult breathing (dyspnoea) Lameness in affected leg. Crepitation swelling over hip, back & shoulder. Swelling is hot & painful in early stages whereas cold and painless inter. Recumbency (prostration) followed by death within 12-48 hrs.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis History of age, body condition & season. Symptoms - high fever, Crepitation swelling and lameness. P.M. findings - dark colored muscles with gaseous infiltration. Examination of smears   made from affected tissues or fluid from 4he swelling. Isolation of the organism.

Treatment :

Treatment Penicillin @ 10,000 units /Kg body weight 1M & locally daily for 5-6 days. Oxytetracycline in high doses i.e. 5-10 mg/Kg body weight IM or IV B.Q. antiserum in large does, if available. Injection. Avil / Cadistin @ 5-10 ml IM

Prophylaxis: :

Prophylaxis: a) General measures: Isolation of infected and in contact animals. Disposal of carcass either by deep burial or burning. Proper disinfection of surgical instruments prior to operation. Don't allow grazing in affected area. b) Vaccination: Alum precipitated B.Q. Vaccine 5 ml subcut each year before rainy season.

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Vaccine

1. Raksha - HS+BQ : 90 ml. :

1. Raksha - HS+BQ : 90 ml. vaccination schedule :The cattle should be vaccinated at least 15-20 days before the onset of seasonal outbreak. It requires about 14 days for the animal to develop full immunity. Immunity usually lasts for 10-12 months. Booster vaccination is required just before the seasonal outbreak. administration : : shake well to make uniform suspension, inject 2 ml per animal subcutaneously in lower neck region. In calves of 2-8 months age, inject only 1 ml s/c per animal.

2. Black Quarter Vaccine :

2. Black Quarter Vaccine Cattle, Buffaloes and Calves :   2ml Primary vaccination : 6 months of age and above Revaccination : Annually Administration: S/C Precautions Post vaccination reactions : Generally no adverse reactions are noticed.   swelling may appear at the site of inoculation which disappears gradually.

3. Other available vaccine for BQ:

3. Other available vaccine for BQ Glanvac 6 : 1mL for sheep/1mL for goats Ultravac 5in1: 1mL for sheep/2mL for cattle Ultravac : 7in1 2.5mL for cattle