Moon

The Moon:

A look at our nearest neighbor in Space! The Moon Free powerpoints at http://www.worldofteaching.com

What is the Moon?:

What is the Moon? A natural satellite One of more than 96 moons in our Solar System The only moon of the planet Earth

Location, location, location!:

Location, location, location! About 384,000 km (240,000 miles) from Earth 3,468 km (2,155 miles) in diameter (about ¼ the size of Earth)

Birth of the Moon:

Birth of the Moon “Born” 4-5 billion years ago Formed from impact of Mars-sized “planetesimal” on Earth Debris from both objects melted together to form the Moon

Cut to the Core:

Cut to the Core 3 major divisions of the Lunar interior Crust - average thickness of about 70 kilometers Mantle Core - radius is between 300 and 425 kilometers

The Moon’s Surface:

The Moon’s Surface No atmosphere No liquid water Extreme temperatures Daytime = 130 C (265 °F) Nighttime = -190 C (-310 F) 1/6 Earth’s gravity

Lunar Features - Highlands:

Lunar Features - Highlands Mountains up to 7500 m (25,000 ft) tall Rilles (trenchlike valleys)

Lunar Features - Craters:

Lunar Features - Craters Up to 2500 km (1,553 miles) across Most formed by meteorite impact on the Moon Some formed by volcanic action inside the Moon

Lunar Features - Maria:

Lunar Features - Maria Originally thought to be “seas” by early astronomers Darkest parts of lunar landscape Filled by lava after crash of huge meteorites on lunar surface 3-4 billion years ago Mostly basalt rock

Slide 10:

Maria Craters Can you see the rays? Does this photo show us a limb or terminator line?

Movements of the Moon:

Movements of the Moon Revolution – Moon orbits the Earth every 271/3 days The moon rises in the east and sets in the west The moon rises and sets 50 minutes later each day Rotation – Moon turns on its axis every 27 days Same side of Moon always faces Earth

Far Side of the Moon:

Far Side of the Moon First seen by Luna 3 Russian space probe in 1959 Surface features different from near side More craters Very few maria Thicker crust

It’s Just a Phase:

It’s Just a Phase Moonlight is reflected sunlight Half the moon’s surface is always reflecting light From Earth we see different amounts of the Moon’s lit surface The amount seen is called a “phase”

Waxing and Waning:

Waxing and Waning New moon Waxing Crescent moon First Quarter moon Waxing Gibbous moon Full moon Waning Gibbous moon Third Quarter moon Waning Crescent moon New moon

Slide 15:

Four Basic Shapes FULL QUARTER CRESCENT GIBBOUS FOUR MAIN SHAPES

Slide 17:

Earth Moon Moon Plane of earth’s orbit Plane of lunar orbit

Lunar Eclipses:

Lunar Eclipses Moon moves into Earth’s shadow – this shadow darkens the Moon Umbra Penumbra About 2-3 per year Last up to 4 hours

Solar Eclipses:

Solar Eclipses Moon moves between Earth and Sun Moon casts a shadow on part of the Earth Total eclipses rare – only once every 360 years from one location!

The Tides:

The Tides Tides caused by pull of Moon’s gravity on Earth High tide – Side facing Moon and side away from Moon Every 12 hours, 25 ½ minutes Low tide – On sides of Earth

Exploring the Moon:

Exploring the Moon 1950s to 1960s - probes Neil Armstrong First man on the Moon – July 20, 1969 Six Apollo missions (1969-1972) 382 kg (842 lbs) rocks 12 Americans have walked on the moon

Slide 24:

When will we return?

Ice on the Moon?:

Ice on the Moon? 1994 – Clementine probe 1998 – Lunar Prospector

Moon base of the future?:

Moon base of the future? What would you need to live there?

Slide 29:

The Lunar Challenge!

Slide 30:

Name this phase! Full Moon What time does this phase rise and set?

Slide 31:

Name these features. Name these features. Craters Maria

Slide 32:

Does this image show us the near side or far side of the moon? Far Side How can you tell?

Slide 33:

Is this line the limb or terminator? Is this line the limb or terminator? Limb Terminator

Slide 34:

Name this phase! First Quarter

Slide 35:

Name this phase! Waxing Crescent

Slide 36:

Does this image show the near side or the far side of the moon? Near Side

Slide 37:

Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

Slide 38:

Name this phase! Third Quarter

Slide 39:

From what direction does the moon rise? The East

Slide 40:

Name this phase! Waxing Gibbous

Slide 41:

Name this phase! Waning Crescent

Slide 42:

What might be happening in this image? Lunar Eclipse

Slide 43:

Is this line the limb or the terminator? Limb

Slide 44:

Name this phase! Look closely! Waxing Gibbous

Slide 45:

True or False: The Far Side and the Dark Side of the moon are the same thing. False!

Slide 46:

Name this phase! Full Moon

Slide 47:

Name this phase! New Moon

Slide 48:

Does the moon rise or set in the west? It sets in the west.

Slide 49:

Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

Slide 50:

Name this phase! Waning Crescent

Slide 51:

Name this phase! Waning Gibbous

Slide 52:

The Mythical Moon

Slide 62:

The Lunatic: Leesa Hubbard

Photo resources:

Photo resources http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/AS15/a15images.htm http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-moon.html#apollo http://clementine.cnes.fr/index.en.html http://cass.jsc.nasa.gov/pub/research/clemen/clemen.html http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0108/15mooncreate/ http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/pxmoon.html

More photo resources:

More photo resources http://www.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clemovies/clemovies_index.html http://www.solarviews.com/eng/moon.htm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/620649.stm http://skyandtelescope.com/observing/objects/eclipses/article_99_1.asp http://lunar.arc.nasa.gov/results/ice/eureka.htm http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/solarsystem/moon_nss_020604.html

Slide 65:

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