logging in or signing up Dental Products jitpatel21 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1133 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: March 20, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: ramuanuddep (1 month(s) ago) sir your ppt is so useful for me and i need it. so please send it to guntakarami@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rnrao.fop (4 month(s) ago) jsk bhai a ppt id rnrao.sop@jpnes.org per muklo anae beju kai chemistry nu ppt muklo Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: romitsneha_panchal (8 month(s) ago) I like your presentation. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: basha681 (16 month(s) ago) i likes ur presentations too much Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Dental Products : Dental Products Prepared by : Mr. Jitendra Patel Why Dental Products? : Why Dental Products? To maintain dental hygiene To prevent decay of teeth Clean teeth keeps good Health. Dental Products : Dental Products Inorganic chemicals and their preparation used in practice of dental and oral disorder. Dental products include: Anticaries Cleaning agent Polishing agent Anticaries agent : Anticaries agent Dental caries or tooth decay is due to acids produced by the action of microorganism on carbohydrate. The diseases is characterized by decalcification of tooth accounted by foul mouth odor. Exact cause and mechanism of diseases is not known. Dental caries first of all starts on the surface of teeth by the bacterial acids. To prevent dental caries and to maintain clean and healthy teeth anticaries and dentifrices are used. Role of fluoride : Role of fluoride To prevent dental caries. Obtained from food and water. Fluoridation : addition of fluoride to the water High fluoride cause: Mottling of teeth Increased density of bone Gastric disturbance Muscular weakness Convulsion and heart failure Role of fluoride : Role of fluoride When salt or solution of fluoride is taken internally, it is absorbed, transported and deposited in the bone or developing teeth and remainder gets excreted. The deposited fluoride on the surface of teeth does not allow the action of acids or enzymes. Less amt of fluoride (1 ppm) is required. Route of administration. 1. Orally and 2. Topically Route of administration : Route of administration Drinking water ( 0.5 to 1 ppm) Fruit juice (1 ppm) Sodium fluoride Tablets or solution 2.2 mg Topical application 2 % solution Role of Phosphate : Role of Phosphate Phosphate ions are needed for stronger bones and healthy teeth. They are used in deficiency. Used as cleaning agent. Anticaries agent : Anticaries agent Sodium fluoride Sodium monoflurophosphate Stannuos fluoride Aluminium fluoride Ammonum fluoride Calcium fluoride Potassium fluoride Sodium silicofluoride Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Formula : NaF (M.W. 41.99 g) Purity : not less than 98.0 % of NaF, calculated with reference to the dried substance. Preparation : by neutralizing hydrofluoric acid with sodium carbonate. 2 HF + Na2CO3 2NaF + H2O + CO2 Or by double decomposition of calcium fluoride with sodium carbonate wherein insoluble CaCO3 can be removed by filtration. CaF2 + Na2CO3 2NaF + CaCO3 Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Properties : colourless, odourless crystals or as a white powder. Aq. Solution corrode ordinary glass bottle hence prepared in d.w and stored in dark. On acidification of salt solution HF is produced Which is poisonous. Aq. Solution of salt yields alkaline reaction. Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Action and Uses : to prevent dental caries. Fluoride ion enters the enamel of teeth and becomes part of enamel structure and thus become effective. Topically NaF 2 % aq.solution. Usual dose is 2.2 mg (equivalent of 1 mg of fluoride) once a day. Caution : High fluoride cause, Mottling of teeth, Increased density of bone, Gastric disturbance, Muscular weakness, Convulsion and heart failure Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Assay : assayed by complexometric titration method using disodium edetate. Weighed quantity dissolve in water. Add small amt of NaCl and alcohol. Heat to boiling and add drop wise excess lead nitrate with stirring. Cool, filter ppt, wash the residue with dilute. Alcohol and combined filtrate and washings titrate with disodium edetate using xylenol orange as a indicator. Storage : keep in well closed containers. Sodium monoflurophosphate : Sodium monoflurophosphate Also known as SMFP. Formula : Na2PO3F (M.W. 143.9 g) Properties : white odorless powder, soluble in water, Uses : for fluoride supplements of diet, fluoridation of water and in mouth washes. Used in dentifrices, particularly toothpastes. It induce better fluoridation and decrease demineralization of dental enamel than NaF. Stannus fluoride : Stannus fluoride Formula : SnF2 (M.W. 156.7 g) Purity : contains not less than 71.2 % of stannus ion and NLT 22.3 % and more than 25.5 % of fluoride, calculated on dried basis. Properties : white crystalline powder having unpleasant astringent-salty taste. Soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol and organic solvents. Aq. Solution of SnF2 deteriorates on standing bcz of oxidation of Stannous cation to stannic form causing turbidity. So it is freshly prepared. Stannus fluoride : Stannus fluoride Uses : to prevent dental caries, may cause discoloration of teeth on overuse. Assay : weigh 250 mg of SnF2 and transfer to a conical flask. Add 300 ml of hot, boiled dilute HCl. Shake to dissolve SnF2. Cool it to room temp. Add 5 ml of KI and titrate with 0.1 N potassium iodate using starch as indicator. Each ml of 0.1 N KIO3 = 5.935 mg of Sn Cleaning agent or Dentifrices : Cleaning agent or Dentifrices It is material used for cleaning of teeth, can be applied with brush. Applied as a powder of paste. Cleaning property depends on rubbing force used. Drawback : can not clean surface inside cavities and crevices between teeth. Dentifrices with useful substance is known as medicated dentifrices. Flavors and colors are used to improve the acceptance. A good cleaning agent remove the stains from teeth Cleaning agent or Dentifrices : Cleaning agent or Dentifrices Calcium phosphate Dibasic and tribasic calcium phosphate Calcium carbonate Sodium metaphosphate Calcium carbonate : Calcium carbonate Precipitated chalk, having a fine powdery texture as powder and paste. Purity : ppted CaCO3 when dried at 200 c for 4 hr, is having calcium equivalent to NLT 98 % of CaCO3. It is used as dentifrices bcz it have a mild abrasive quality bcz of its microcrystalline structure. It is incompatible with fluoride salt bcz it form calcium fluoride and decrease fluoride anion. Dibasic calcium phosphate : Dibasic calcium phosphate Also known as dicalcium phosphate or dicalcium orthophosphate or calcium hydrogen phosphate. Occur as a dihydrate (CaHPO4.2H2O M.W.172.09 g) Anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate (CaHPO4. M.w. 136.06 g) Properties : very fine powder, good flow properties, odorless, tasteless. Dibasic calcium phosphate : Dibasic calcium phosphate Preparation : by reacting solution of calcium chloride with disodium hydrogen phosphate. CaCl2 + Na2HPO4 CaHPO4 +2NaCl Uses : as electrolyte replenisher, as dentifrices. The CaHPO4 is insoluble in water but is converted to soluble monobasic calcium phosphate and CaCl2 by HCl in the stomach. 2 CaHPO4 + 2 HCl Ca(H2PO4)2 + CaCl2 Oral dose : 1 g daily, in the range of 1 to 5 g daily. Calcium phosphate : Calcium phosphate Also known as tribasic calcium phosphate or tricalcium phosphate. Purity : 90 % w/w of tricalcium phosphate. Uses : source of calcium, excipients in tablets and dentifrices. Sodium metaphosphate : Sodium metaphosphate It is sodium salt of polymetaphosphoric acid, of indefinite composition. It may consist of hexamer, (NaPO3)6, having M.W. 611.83 and also known as hexametaphosphate. Its more polymerised form is known as sodium polymetaphosphate. Polymeric sodium metaphosphate (known as Madrell’s salt) is prepared by heating Na2H2PO4 or NaNH4HPO4 to 250 C and then to 350 C, first Na2H2P2O7 and then insoluble Madrell’s salt is obtained. Sodium metaphosphate : Sodium metaphosphate Which is stable up to 500 c, at 505 c it changes to sodium trimetaphosphate and above 607 C to hexametaphosphate. According to masrell, the salt may be prepared by heating two parts of NaNO3 with one part of H3PO4. nNaH2PO4 (NaPO3)n + nH2O Properties : white powder soluble in water, polymorphic form. Uses : anti-rusting agent, emulsifying agent and chelating agent, stabilizing agent. Strontium chloride : Strontium chloride Formula : SrCl2.6H2O M.W. 266.6 g Use : in medicated dentifrice, as a 10 % w/w tooth paste. Very soluble in water. Pumice : Pumice It is substance of complex silicates of aluminium, potassium and sodium. It is obtained from volcanic origin. Properties : odorless, tasteless, very light, hard, grayish-white powder with fineness, stable in air and insoluble in water. Uses : as a filtering and distributing medium, as abrasive in metal polishes, used in soaps and cleaning powders and in dental preparation. Polishing agent : Polishing agent Polishing effect by abrasive action. Desensitizing agents are added to reduce the sensitivity of teeth to heat and cold. Desensitizing agent : Desensitizing agent Teeth are sensitive to heat and cold so desensitizing agents are required. The exact mechanism is not known but may be like local anesthetic. E.g. strontium chloride, zinc chloride. Strontium chloride : Strontium chloride Formula : SrCl2. 6H2O M.W. 266.6 g Preparation: prepared by adding strontium carbonate to HCl untill effervescence get ceased. The solution is filtered, concentrared and allowed to crystallise. SrCO3 + 2 HCl SrCl2 + H2O + CO2 Use : in medicated dentifrice, as a 10 % w/w tooth paste. Properties: colorless crystals or white granules,Very soluble in water. Zinc chloride : Zinc chloride Formula : ZnCl2 Use : as astringent, used in 10 % solution to be applied to the teeth as a desensitizing agent. Also used in ulcers Oral antiseptic and fillers : Oral antiseptic and fillers They can be safely used as a antiseptics in the oral cavity. Hydrogen peroxide Sodium perborate Magnesium peroxide Hydrogen peroxide : Hydrogen peroxide 3 % w/v solution as mouth wash. The oxygen liberated by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide kills bacteria. The fine foam of evolving oxygen can clean the cavities between teeth and cervices. Sodium perborate : Sodium perborate Formula : NaBO2. H2O2.3H2O M.W.153.9 g More soluble than tri-hydrate NaBO2. H2O2.H2O M.W.117.9 g Properties : colorless, odourless crystals, white powders, stored in tight container as it decompose readily. Uses: as a dis-infectant, deodorant, as a mouth wash. Magnesium peroxide : Magnesium peroxide Use as a dis-infectant and deodorant ,bleaching agent. Mouth washes : Mouth washes Mouth washes have Zinc sulphate : antiseptic and astringent Zinc chloride : antiinfective and astringent Sodium bicarbonate : antacid Ammonium silver nitrate : astringent Cement and Fillers : Cement and Fillers Dental cements : cover and protect area that have been undergone operation. It is applied as a paste, which gets hardened and form a protective layer that can be removed. It can be medicated with eugenol. (antiseptic and local anesthetic) Its consistency is controlled by additives. Gold and silver can be used as a permanent materials. Zinc oxide : Zinc oxide ZnO: best cementing material, mixed with ZnCl2 to hardened in short time. Consistency can be regulated by varying amount. Hardening depends on the formation of zinc oxychloride. Similar products prepared by mixing ZnO and H3PO4 resulting in Zinc oxyphosphate. Medicated cement can be prepared by adding eugenol or clove oil. You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Dental Products jitpatel21 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1133 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (2) Dislike it (0) Added: March 20, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: ramuanuddep (1 month(s) ago) sir your ppt is so useful for me and i need it. so please send it to guntakarami@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rnrao.fop (4 month(s) ago) jsk bhai a ppt id rnrao.sop@jpnes.org per muklo anae beju kai chemistry nu ppt muklo Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: romitsneha_panchal (8 month(s) ago) I like your presentation. Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: basha681 (16 month(s) ago) i likes ur presentations too much Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Dental Products : Dental Products Prepared by : Mr. Jitendra Patel Why Dental Products? : Why Dental Products? To maintain dental hygiene To prevent decay of teeth Clean teeth keeps good Health. Dental Products : Dental Products Inorganic chemicals and their preparation used in practice of dental and oral disorder. Dental products include: Anticaries Cleaning agent Polishing agent Anticaries agent : Anticaries agent Dental caries or tooth decay is due to acids produced by the action of microorganism on carbohydrate. The diseases is characterized by decalcification of tooth accounted by foul mouth odor. Exact cause and mechanism of diseases is not known. Dental caries first of all starts on the surface of teeth by the bacterial acids. To prevent dental caries and to maintain clean and healthy teeth anticaries and dentifrices are used. Role of fluoride : Role of fluoride To prevent dental caries. Obtained from food and water. Fluoridation : addition of fluoride to the water High fluoride cause: Mottling of teeth Increased density of bone Gastric disturbance Muscular weakness Convulsion and heart failure Role of fluoride : Role of fluoride When salt or solution of fluoride is taken internally, it is absorbed, transported and deposited in the bone or developing teeth and remainder gets excreted. The deposited fluoride on the surface of teeth does not allow the action of acids or enzymes. Less amt of fluoride (1 ppm) is required. Route of administration. 1. Orally and 2. Topically Route of administration : Route of administration Drinking water ( 0.5 to 1 ppm) Fruit juice (1 ppm) Sodium fluoride Tablets or solution 2.2 mg Topical application 2 % solution Role of Phosphate : Role of Phosphate Phosphate ions are needed for stronger bones and healthy teeth. They are used in deficiency. Used as cleaning agent. Anticaries agent : Anticaries agent Sodium fluoride Sodium monoflurophosphate Stannuos fluoride Aluminium fluoride Ammonum fluoride Calcium fluoride Potassium fluoride Sodium silicofluoride Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Formula : NaF (M.W. 41.99 g) Purity : not less than 98.0 % of NaF, calculated with reference to the dried substance. Preparation : by neutralizing hydrofluoric acid with sodium carbonate. 2 HF + Na2CO3 2NaF + H2O + CO2 Or by double decomposition of calcium fluoride with sodium carbonate wherein insoluble CaCO3 can be removed by filtration. CaF2 + Na2CO3 2NaF + CaCO3 Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Properties : colourless, odourless crystals or as a white powder. Aq. Solution corrode ordinary glass bottle hence prepared in d.w and stored in dark. On acidification of salt solution HF is produced Which is poisonous. Aq. Solution of salt yields alkaline reaction. Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Action and Uses : to prevent dental caries. Fluoride ion enters the enamel of teeth and becomes part of enamel structure and thus become effective. Topically NaF 2 % aq.solution. Usual dose is 2.2 mg (equivalent of 1 mg of fluoride) once a day. Caution : High fluoride cause, Mottling of teeth, Increased density of bone, Gastric disturbance, Muscular weakness, Convulsion and heart failure Sodium fluoride : Sodium fluoride Assay : assayed by complexometric titration method using disodium edetate. Weighed quantity dissolve in water. Add small amt of NaCl and alcohol. Heat to boiling and add drop wise excess lead nitrate with stirring. Cool, filter ppt, wash the residue with dilute. Alcohol and combined filtrate and washings titrate with disodium edetate using xylenol orange as a indicator. Storage : keep in well closed containers. Sodium monoflurophosphate : Sodium monoflurophosphate Also known as SMFP. Formula : Na2PO3F (M.W. 143.9 g) Properties : white odorless powder, soluble in water, Uses : for fluoride supplements of diet, fluoridation of water and in mouth washes. Used in dentifrices, particularly toothpastes. It induce better fluoridation and decrease demineralization of dental enamel than NaF. Stannus fluoride : Stannus fluoride Formula : SnF2 (M.W. 156.7 g) Purity : contains not less than 71.2 % of stannus ion and NLT 22.3 % and more than 25.5 % of fluoride, calculated on dried basis. Properties : white crystalline powder having unpleasant astringent-salty taste. Soluble in water but insoluble in alcohol and organic solvents. Aq. Solution of SnF2 deteriorates on standing bcz of oxidation of Stannous cation to stannic form causing turbidity. So it is freshly prepared. Stannus fluoride : Stannus fluoride Uses : to prevent dental caries, may cause discoloration of teeth on overuse. Assay : weigh 250 mg of SnF2 and transfer to a conical flask. Add 300 ml of hot, boiled dilute HCl. Shake to dissolve SnF2. Cool it to room temp. Add 5 ml of KI and titrate with 0.1 N potassium iodate using starch as indicator. Each ml of 0.1 N KIO3 = 5.935 mg of Sn Cleaning agent or Dentifrices : Cleaning agent or Dentifrices It is material used for cleaning of teeth, can be applied with brush. Applied as a powder of paste. Cleaning property depends on rubbing force used. Drawback : can not clean surface inside cavities and crevices between teeth. Dentifrices with useful substance is known as medicated dentifrices. Flavors and colors are used to improve the acceptance. A good cleaning agent remove the stains from teeth Cleaning agent or Dentifrices : Cleaning agent or Dentifrices Calcium phosphate Dibasic and tribasic calcium phosphate Calcium carbonate Sodium metaphosphate Calcium carbonate : Calcium carbonate Precipitated chalk, having a fine powdery texture as powder and paste. Purity : ppted CaCO3 when dried at 200 c for 4 hr, is having calcium equivalent to NLT 98 % of CaCO3. It is used as dentifrices bcz it have a mild abrasive quality bcz of its microcrystalline structure. It is incompatible with fluoride salt bcz it form calcium fluoride and decrease fluoride anion. Dibasic calcium phosphate : Dibasic calcium phosphate Also known as dicalcium phosphate or dicalcium orthophosphate or calcium hydrogen phosphate. Occur as a dihydrate (CaHPO4.2H2O M.W.172.09 g) Anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate (CaHPO4. M.w. 136.06 g) Properties : very fine powder, good flow properties, odorless, tasteless. Dibasic calcium phosphate : Dibasic calcium phosphate Preparation : by reacting solution of calcium chloride with disodium hydrogen phosphate. CaCl2 + Na2HPO4 CaHPO4 +2NaCl Uses : as electrolyte replenisher, as dentifrices. The CaHPO4 is insoluble in water but is converted to soluble monobasic calcium phosphate and CaCl2 by HCl in the stomach. 2 CaHPO4 + 2 HCl Ca(H2PO4)2 + CaCl2 Oral dose : 1 g daily, in the range of 1 to 5 g daily. Calcium phosphate : Calcium phosphate Also known as tribasic calcium phosphate or tricalcium phosphate. Purity : 90 % w/w of tricalcium phosphate. Uses : source of calcium, excipients in tablets and dentifrices. Sodium metaphosphate : Sodium metaphosphate It is sodium salt of polymetaphosphoric acid, of indefinite composition. It may consist of hexamer, (NaPO3)6, having M.W. 611.83 and also known as hexametaphosphate. Its more polymerised form is known as sodium polymetaphosphate. Polymeric sodium metaphosphate (known as Madrell’s salt) is prepared by heating Na2H2PO4 or NaNH4HPO4 to 250 C and then to 350 C, first Na2H2P2O7 and then insoluble Madrell’s salt is obtained. Sodium metaphosphate : Sodium metaphosphate Which is stable up to 500 c, at 505 c it changes to sodium trimetaphosphate and above 607 C to hexametaphosphate. According to masrell, the salt may be prepared by heating two parts of NaNO3 with one part of H3PO4. nNaH2PO4 (NaPO3)n + nH2O Properties : white powder soluble in water, polymorphic form. Uses : anti-rusting agent, emulsifying agent and chelating agent, stabilizing agent. Strontium chloride : Strontium chloride Formula : SrCl2.6H2O M.W. 266.6 g Use : in medicated dentifrice, as a 10 % w/w tooth paste. Very soluble in water. Pumice : Pumice It is substance of complex silicates of aluminium, potassium and sodium. It is obtained from volcanic origin. Properties : odorless, tasteless, very light, hard, grayish-white powder with fineness, stable in air and insoluble in water. Uses : as a filtering and distributing medium, as abrasive in metal polishes, used in soaps and cleaning powders and in dental preparation. Polishing agent : Polishing agent Polishing effect by abrasive action. Desensitizing agents are added to reduce the sensitivity of teeth to heat and cold. Desensitizing agent : Desensitizing agent Teeth are sensitive to heat and cold so desensitizing agents are required. The exact mechanism is not known but may be like local anesthetic. E.g. strontium chloride, zinc chloride. Strontium chloride : Strontium chloride Formula : SrCl2. 6H2O M.W. 266.6 g Preparation: prepared by adding strontium carbonate to HCl untill effervescence get ceased. The solution is filtered, concentrared and allowed to crystallise. SrCO3 + 2 HCl SrCl2 + H2O + CO2 Use : in medicated dentifrice, as a 10 % w/w tooth paste. Properties: colorless crystals or white granules,Very soluble in water. Zinc chloride : Zinc chloride Formula : ZnCl2 Use : as astringent, used in 10 % solution to be applied to the teeth as a desensitizing agent. Also used in ulcers Oral antiseptic and fillers : Oral antiseptic and fillers They can be safely used as a antiseptics in the oral cavity. Hydrogen peroxide Sodium perborate Magnesium peroxide Hydrogen peroxide : Hydrogen peroxide 3 % w/v solution as mouth wash. The oxygen liberated by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide kills bacteria. The fine foam of evolving oxygen can clean the cavities between teeth and cervices. Sodium perborate : Sodium perborate Formula : NaBO2. H2O2.3H2O M.W.153.9 g More soluble than tri-hydrate NaBO2. H2O2.H2O M.W.117.9 g Properties : colorless, odourless crystals, white powders, stored in tight container as it decompose readily. Uses: as a dis-infectant, deodorant, as a mouth wash. Magnesium peroxide : Magnesium peroxide Use as a dis-infectant and deodorant ,bleaching agent. Mouth washes : Mouth washes Mouth washes have Zinc sulphate : antiseptic and astringent Zinc chloride : antiinfective and astringent Sodium bicarbonate : antacid Ammonium silver nitrate : astringent Cement and Fillers : Cement and Fillers Dental cements : cover and protect area that have been undergone operation. It is applied as a paste, which gets hardened and form a protective layer that can be removed. It can be medicated with eugenol. (antiseptic and local anesthetic) Its consistency is controlled by additives. Gold and silver can be used as a permanent materials. Zinc oxide : Zinc oxide ZnO: best cementing material, mixed with ZnCl2 to hardened in short time. Consistency can be regulated by varying amount. Hardening depends on the formation of zinc oxychloride. Similar products prepared by mixing ZnO and H3PO4 resulting in Zinc oxyphosphate. Medicated cement can be prepared by adding eugenol or clove oil.