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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion Karen Huffman, Palomar College Lecture Overview : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Lecture Overview Theories and Concepts of Motivation Motivation and Behavior Theories and Concepts of Emotion Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion Important Definitions : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Important Definitions Motivation: set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward some goal Emotion: subjective feeling including arousal, cognitions, and expressions Theories and Concepts of Motivation : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation) Biological Theories: Instinct--inborn, unlearned behaviors universal to species explain motivation Drive-Reduction--internal tensions “push” toward satisfying basic needs Arousal--motivated toward optimal level of arousal Drive-Reduction Theory : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Drive-Reduction Theory Arousal Theory : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Arousal Theory People seek an optimal level of arousal that maximizes their performance. Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) Psychosocial Theories: Incentive -motivation results from the “pull” of external environmental stimuli Cognitive -motivation affected by attributions and expectations. Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Biopsychosocial Theory: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: interaction of biological, psychological, and social needs; lower motives (physiological and safety) must be met before higher needs (belonging, self-esteem) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating Biological factors: stomach, biochemistry, the brain Note the size difference in the rats. The rat on the left had the ventromedial area of its hypothalamus destroyed. Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating Psychological factors: visual cues, cultural conditioning Obesity is common for Pima Indians in U.S., but not for those in nearby Mexico with traditional diet. Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders Obesity appears to result from numerous biological and psychosocial factors Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both characterized by an overwhelming fear of becoming obese and explained by multiple biological and psychosocial factors Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders Motivation and Behavior—Achievement : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Achievement Characteristics of a high need for achievement (nAch): Prefers moderately difficult tasks Prefers clear goals with competent feedback Competitive Prefers responsibility Persistent More accomplished Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion Three Components of Emotion Physiological- arousal comes from brain (particularly the limbic system) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) Physiological Component and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Physiological Component and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Three Components of Emotion (Continued) Cognitive-thoughts, values and expectations Behavioral-expressions, gestures, and body positions Theories and Concepts of Emotion Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion Can you identify the social smile versus the genuine, “Duchenne” smile? Real smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks. Theories and Concepts of Emotion-- Four Theories of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion-- Four Theories of Emotion James-Lange (emotions occur after arousal) Cannon-Bard (arousal and emotion occur simultaneously) Facial-Feedback (facial movements elicit arousal and specific emotions) Schachter’s Two-Factor (arousal leads to search for label and then emotion occurs) Slide 21: ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion: Overview of Four Theories of Emotion Can You Explain Why Pleasant Feelings Increase When Teeth Show? : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Can You Explain Why Pleasant Feelings Increase When Teeth Show? What Theory of Emotion is Portrayed in this Figure? : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) What Theory of Emotion is Portrayed in this Figure? Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion Intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation- extrinsic rewards may lower interest and motivation. Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—The Polygraph : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—The Polygraph Polygraph (measures changes in emotional arousal, which in turn supposedly reflects lying versus truthfulness) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion- The Polygraph : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion- The Polygraph The subject’s response on the GSR does rise in response to the second question. But remember that error rates on the polygraph range from 25% to 75%. Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Emotional Intelligence (EI) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Emotional Intelligence (EI) Emotional intelligence (EI) (ability to know and manage one’s emotions, empathize, and maintain satisfying relationships) Culture, Evolution, and Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Culture, Evolution, and Emotion Cultural similarities and differences: 7 to10 culturally universal emotions, but each culture has its own display rules governing how, when, and where to express emotions. Role of evolution: Strong biological, evolutionary basis for emotional expression and decoding. Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation End of Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion Karen Huffman, Palomar College You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Chapter 12 PowerPoint General Psychology jhubbard7 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 7149 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (6) Dislike it (0) Added: April 12, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 7 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: jigyasaa (31 month(s) ago) i like it.. wannna to download it.. but how??? Saving..... Post Reply Close By: kannankrishnamurthy (10 month(s) ago) v.good presentation . pl send me a copy by mail kannank.social@gmail.com Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion Karen Huffman, Palomar College Lecture Overview : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Lecture Overview Theories and Concepts of Motivation Motivation and Behavior Theories and Concepts of Emotion Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion Important Definitions : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Important Definitions Motivation: set of factors that activate, direct, and maintain behavior, usually toward some goal Emotion: subjective feeling including arousal, cognitions, and expressions Theories and Concepts of Motivation : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation) Biological Theories: Instinct--inborn, unlearned behaviors universal to species explain motivation Drive-Reduction--internal tensions “push” toward satisfying basic needs Arousal--motivated toward optimal level of arousal Drive-Reduction Theory : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Drive-Reduction Theory Arousal Theory : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Arousal Theory People seek an optimal level of arousal that maximizes their performance. Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) Psychosocial Theories: Incentive -motivation results from the “pull” of external environmental stimuli Cognitive -motivation affected by attributions and expectations. Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Biopsychosocial Theory: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: interaction of biological, psychological, and social needs; lower motives (physiological and safety) must be met before higher needs (belonging, self-esteem) Theories and Concepts of Motivation: (Major Theories of Motivation Cont.) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating Biological factors: stomach, biochemistry, the brain Note the size difference in the rats. The rat on the left had the ventromedial area of its hypothalamus destroyed. Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Hunger and Eating Psychological factors: visual cues, cultural conditioning Obesity is common for Pima Indians in U.S., but not for those in nearby Mexico with traditional diet. Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders Obesity appears to result from numerous biological and psychosocial factors Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are both characterized by an overwhelming fear of becoming obese and explained by multiple biological and psychosocial factors Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Hunger and Eating--Eating Disorders Motivation and Behavior—Achievement : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Motivation and Behavior—Achievement Characteristics of a high need for achievement (nAch): Prefers moderately difficult tasks Prefers clear goals with competent feedback Competitive Prefers responsibility Persistent More accomplished Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion Three Components of Emotion Physiological- arousal comes from brain (particularly the limbic system) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) Physiological Component and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Physiological Component and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Three Components of Emotion (Continued) Cognitive-thoughts, values and expectations Behavioral-expressions, gestures, and body positions Theories and Concepts of Emotion Theories and Concepts of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion Can you identify the social smile versus the genuine, “Duchenne” smile? Real smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks. Theories and Concepts of Emotion-- Four Theories of Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion-- Four Theories of Emotion James-Lange (emotions occur after arousal) Cannon-Bard (arousal and emotion occur simultaneously) Facial-Feedback (facial movements elicit arousal and specific emotions) Schachter’s Two-Factor (arousal leads to search for label and then emotion occurs) Slide 21: ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Theories and Concepts of Emotion: Overview of Four Theories of Emotion Can You Explain Why Pleasant Feelings Increase When Teeth Show? : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Can You Explain Why Pleasant Feelings Increase When Teeth Show? What Theory of Emotion is Portrayed in this Figure? : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) What Theory of Emotion is Portrayed in this Figure? Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion Intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation- extrinsic rewards may lower interest and motivation. Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Intrinsic Vs. Extrinsic Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—The Polygraph : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—The Polygraph Polygraph (measures changes in emotional arousal, which in turn supposedly reflects lying versus truthfulness) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion- The Polygraph : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion- The Polygraph The subject’s response on the GSR does rise in response to the second question. But remember that error rates on the polygraph range from 25% to 75%. Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Emotional Intelligence (EI) : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Critical Thinking about Motivation and Emotion—Emotional Intelligence (EI) Emotional intelligence (EI) (ability to know and manage one’s emotions, empathize, and maintain satisfying relationships) Culture, Evolution, and Emotion : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Culture, Evolution, and Emotion Cultural similarities and differences: 7 to10 culturally universal emotions, but each culture has its own display rules governing how, when, and where to express emotions. Role of evolution: Strong biological, evolutionary basis for emotional expression and decoding. Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman : ©John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2007 Huffman: Psychology in Action (8e) Psychology in Action (8e)by Karen Huffman PowerPoint Lecture Notes Presentation End of Chapter 12: Motivation and Emotion Karen Huffman, Palomar College