PURCHASING MANAGEMENT

Views:
 
Category: Education
     
 

Presentation Description

about purchase management

Comments

Presentation Transcript

PURCHASING MANAGEMENT: 

OBJECTIVES PRINCIPLES IMPORTANCE PROCEDURE, METHODS AND POLICIES PURCHASING MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION: 

Purchase is the procurement of goods or services from some external sources . “ Purchasing is the procurement of the materials, supplies, machines, tools and operation of a manufacturing plant.” INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES: 

OBJECTIVES To avail the materials, supplies and equipment at the minimum possible costs. To ensure the continuous flow of production. To increase the assest turnover. To develop the alternate sources of supply. To establish and maintain the good relations with the suppliers. To achieve maximum integration with other departments. To train and develop the personnel. Efficient record keeping and management reporting.

PRINCIPLES: 

PRINCIPLES PRINCIPLES RIGHT SOURCE RIGHT QUALITY RIGHT QUANTITY RIGHT PRICE RIGHT TIME

IMPORTANCE: 

Efficient Administration. Quality of a final product. Delivery on time. Increase in Profitability. Optimum utilisation of capital. IMPORTANCE

PROCEDURE: 

Receipt of purchase requisition. Potential sources of supply. Issue of letters inviting quotations. Receipt and analysis of Quotations. Selection of Vendor. Purchase order. Follow-up and delivery. Analysis of Receiving reports. Scrunity and approval of invoices. PROCEDURE

METHODS: 

1. PURCHASING BY REQUIREMENTS . ADVANTAGES: 1. INVENTORY CARRYING COST LESS. 2. LESS STORAGE SPACE. 3. WORKING CAPITAL IS LESS. DIS-ADVANTAGES: 1. HIGHER DISTRIBUTION COST. 2. INABILITY TO MEET SUDDEN DEMAND. 3. IT CANNOT ENJOY THE ADVANTAGE OF BARGAINING. METHODS

2. PURCHASING FOR SPECIFIC PERIOD: 

ADVANTAGES: 1. PRODUCTION CAN BE STARTED AS SOON AS THE ORDER IS RECEIVED. 2. LESS WORKING SPACE AND STORAGE SPACE. 3. COST ANALYSIS IS EASIER. DIS-ADVANTAGES: 1. IT LEADS TO DEPENDENCE ON A SINGLE SOURCE. 2. PURCHASING FOR SPECIFIC PERIOD

3. MARKET PURCHASING: 

ADVANTAGES: 1.PROCUREMENT OF MATERIAL AT LOW PRICE AS WELL AS LOW COST OF PRODUCTION. 2. LARGE QUANTITIES PURCHASED AT ONE, OVERHEAD EXPENSES ARE QUITE LESS. DISADVANTAGES: 1. HIGH INVENTORY CARRYING CHARGES. 2. LARGE STORAGE SPACE EQUIPMENTS. 3. LOCKSUP FUNDS OF COMPANY. 4. ERROR IN JUDGEMENT OF MARKET CAUSE HEAVY LOSS. 3. MARKET PURCHASING

4. SPECULATIVE PURCHASING: 

ADVANTAGES: 1. POSSIBILITY OF LARGE PROFITS. 2. LESS OVERHEAD EXPENSES. DIS-ADVANTAGES: 1. DANGER OF LARGE LOSSES. 2. LARGE INVESTMENT IN INVENTORIES AND HEAVY CARRYING COST. 3. CHANCES OF DETERIORATION AND SPOILAGE OF MATERIALS. 4. SPECULATIVE PURCHASING

5.CONTRACT PURCHASING: 

ADVANTAGES: 1. AVOIDS NECESSITY OF LARGE STOCK. 2. PURCHASE NOT AFFECTED BY MARKET FLUCTUATIONS. 3. TIME REQUIRED FOR CALLING QUOTATIONS IS SAVED. 4. GUARANTEE OF SUPPLY OF MATERIALS. DIS-ADVANTAGES: 1. SUPPLY MAY NOT BE REGULAR, WHICH MAY CAUSE DELAY IN PRODUCTION. 5.CONTRACT PURCHASING

6. GROUP PURCHASING: 

ADVANTAGES: 1. CLERICAL WORK IS MINIMIZED. 2. DELIVERY, OVERHAED AND PACKAGING CHARGES ARE REDUCED. 3. SINCE VALUE OF EACH ORDER IS MORE THE SUPPLIER MAY OFFER THE MATERIAL AT CHEAPER RATE. DIS-ADVANTAGES: 1.LONG TERM COMMITMENT. 2. SOMEONE MAY TAKE THE TIME AND ENERGY TO SPEARHEAD. 6. GROUP PURCHASING

POLICIES: 

Ancillary development. Make or buy. Speculative buying. Vendor rating. Ethics in purchasing. Reciprocity. Purchasing for employees. Gifts. Value analysis. POLICIES