OCEANS :
OCEANS The Ocean is one of the earths largest biomes covering 70% of the earths surface.
It is split up into 5 smaller oceans; The Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.
The ocean itself has many different ecosystems due to the water and sunlight conditions.
The ocean is divided into three zones; The open, shallow, and deep zones.
THE OPEN OCEAN :
THE OPEN OCEAN It is called the pelagic zone.
It is the largest of the marine ecosystems.
It mostly covers the coast to the middle of the ocean.
The open ocean has the largest ecosystem because this part of the ocean receives enough sunlight so that organisms can survive. Organisms also receive rich nutrients from the land in the shallow waters.
This area which receives sunlight is called the Photic zone.
Animals and Plants:
Animals, protists, and plants that float around in the ocean are called Plankton.
Plankton move around through ocean currents and wind.
There are many different types of Plankton in the ocean, those that use photosynthesis like diatoms and algae. These are called Phytoplankton.
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There are also certain species called Zooplankton. Zooplanktons mainly eat Phytoplankton and other types of Zooplankton. Some zooplankton include jellyfish and krill.
Invertebrates like starfish live on the sea floor.
Coral grows in a large quantity and provides home to many species of plants and animals. Corals only live in areas with enough sunlight for photosynthesis.
Plants like algae also live in sunny areas. Algae is also an important source for many plants and animals in the ocean.
There are also many types of swimmers. Like sharks, whales, fish, and dolphins.
Some fish swim in groups like tuna and herring.
There are also fish that swim independently like barracuda and the flat fish.
Some aquatic organisms move through jets of water like the squid.
In deeper parts of the ocean where light is limited organisms like the giant squid exist. These organisms mainly eat dead organisms from the water above. They are mainly called decomposers and filter feeders.
OPEN OCEAN FOOD WEB :
OPEN OCEAN FOOD WEB
ABIOTIC FACTORS :
ABIOTIC FACTORS The Abiotic factors of the ocean would be:
The temperature: The temperature in the ocean is determined by the sun which heats up the water. In the deeper areas of the ocean where there is a lack of sunlight it is much colder and some organisms are not able to survive there.
The Salt: Salt makes up the ocean water and there is about 3.5% of salt in the ocean.
The water: Water is essential to the ocean for without water there would not be an ocean and many aquatic organisms would not exist.
Hydrothermal vents: These vents are located in the deep part of the ocean where there is no light. These vents heat up the water around them and spew out certain chemicals. These chemicals are used by organisms like Archaea and Eubacteria who convert the chemicals into a useful food. These bacteria are then consumed by organisms like shrimp and tubeworms.
Cold Seeps: Areas where methane and hydrogen are released. These are home to clams, mussels, shrimps, and other organisms. They live off of Archaea and Eubacteria that live off of the methane. Cold Seeps are mostly located around the edge of continents.
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% of SALT in the ocean The ocean has about 3.5% of salt in it.
This means that if all the water in the ocean dried up you could make a 180 mile tall, 1 mile thick wall around the equator.
90% of that salt is sodium chloride or normal table salt.
Salt comes into the ocean through all the dissolved minerals that have come through rivers, streams, and underground water. % of WATER in the ocean 97%
BIBLIOGRAPHY :
BIBLIOGRAPHY Information:
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/marine_ecology.html
Pictures:
www.google.com