4 BRAIN TUMOR STUDENTS

The Patient with Brain Tumors: 

The Patient with Brain Tumors

Neoplasms: 

Neoplasms Primary Brain Tumors Localized intracranial lesion > 50% malignant Gliomas tumors – most common Astrocytomas (80%) – highly malignant – spread by infiltration Meningiomas –benign, incapsulated

Neoplasms: 

Neoplasms Neuroma – acoustic – slow growing Pituitary adenomas – pressure to surrounding brain tissue Angiomas – abnormal blood vessels – ↑ CVA risk

Brain Tumors – Clinical Manifestations: 

Brain Tumors – Clinical Manifestations Generalized IICP Headache Vomiting Visual disturbances Localized (focal) Hemiparesis Seizures Mental status changes

Manifestations: 

Manifestations Frontal lobe Inappropriate behavior Personality changes Inability to concentrate Impaired judgment Recent memory loss Headache Expressive aphasia Motor dysfunctions Parietal lobe Sensory deficits Paresthesia Loss of 2-point discrimination Visual field deficits Temporal lobe Psychomotor seizures Occipital lobe Visual disturbances

Treatment: 

Treatment Surgery - therapeutic or diagnostic & is used to remove as much tumor as possible establish exact diagnosis-biopsy or provide access for treatment Radiation commonly administered postoperatively may be indicated instead of surgery if tumor is inoperable can be given before or after chemotherapy or surgery

Treatment: 

Treatment Chemotherapy may be used as adjuvant therapy or to treat tumor recurrence blood brain barrier limits effectiveness Mannitol (a diuretic known as a receptor-mediated permeabilizer) given to allow more chemotherapy drugs into brain by “shrinking” endothelial cells Radiosurgery Stereotactic

Chemotherapy options: 

Chemotherapy options Combination chemotherapy High-dose chemotherapy Lower-toxicity drugs Growth factor inhibitor therapy Intracavitary/interstitial therapy Microspheres Receptor-mediated permeabilizer Reservoirs

Brain Tumor Nursing Management: 

Brain Tumor Nursing Management

Nursing interventions : 

Nursing interventions Administer perioperative care Manage signs and symptoms Monitor reactions to treatment Provide end-of-life care

Basic Nursing Care: 

Basic Nursing Care Hygiene Ted Hose and SCD Turn q 2 hours, positioning. ROM Catheter care HOB up Cold/warm compresses to eyes Lubricate eyes Safety: side rails up and restrain Analgesia for pain Spread out nursing activities VS and Neuro checks Monitor lab values.