I07 - 9a- Relative clauses

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Presentation Transcript

Subject Relative Clauses:

Subject Relative Clauses Famous Faces and Places 6

History 101:

She’s a scientist whose discoveries have greatly affected the medical field . She discovered the element of radium, which is used in X-rays . History 101 Who is Marie Curie? Oh, I know. She’s a woman who won the Nobel Prize in 1903. What did she discover? Wow. Good answers. Okay, next question. Who was Gandhi? Okay, let’s start studying for our history exam. I’ll ask a question, and you tell me the answer.

Adjective Clauses 1:

Gandhi was a man who worked for peace. Adjective Clauses 1 Use adjective clauses to identify or give additional information about nouns (people, places, or things). The clause who worked for peace identifies the man we are talking about. The clause which is in Western India gives additional information about Gujarat. He lived in the state of Gujarat, which is in Western India.

Adjective Clauses 3:

Adjective Clauses 3 Sentences with adjective clauses can be seen as a combination of two sentences. Florence Nightingale was a nurse. She developed modern healthcare methods. + = Florence Nightingale was a nurse who developed modern healthcare methods. Beethoven was a composer. His music is still enjoyed by many people. + = Beethoven was a composer whose music is still enjoyed by many people.

Relative Pronouns 1:

The Mona Lisa is a painting that is known throughout the world . Abraham Lincoln was an American president who fought against slavery . Use whose to refer to people’s possessions . The Mona Lisa is a painting which is known throughout the world . That is less formal than who and which and used more in conversation. Abraham Lincoln was an American president that fought against slavery . OR OR Relative Pronouns 1 Adjective clauses begin with relative pronouns . Subject relative pronouns can be who, that, which, and whose. who that Use which or that to refer to places or things . Thomas Edison , whose inventions changed the world , was born in 1847. whose inventions Use who or that to refer to people .

Be Careful!:

Be Careful! Do not use a subject pronoun ( I, you, he, she, it, we, they ) and a subject relative pronoun in the same adjective clause. William Shakespeare is an Englishman who he wrote many well-known plays. William Shakespeare is an Englishman who wrote many well-known plays.

Practice 1:

a) Ang San Su Kyi is a Burmese peace activist in Myanmar. b) Myanmar is a country located in Southeast Asia. 2. a) Diego Rivera was a Mexican painter. b) His work is displayed in many famous museums. 3. a) Mother Teresa was a Catholic nun. b) She devoted her life to the poor. Mother Teresa was a Catholic nun who/that devoted her life to the poor . Albert Einstein was a physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 . Ang San Su Kyi is a Burmese peace activist in Myanmar which is a country located in Southeast Asia . Practice 1 Combine the groups of sentences into one sentence with an adjective clause. Use the appropriate relative pronouns. Example : a) Albert Einstein was a physicist. b) He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. Albert Einstein was a physicist that won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 . OR Albert Einstein was a physicist who/that won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 . Example: Diego Rivera was a Mexican painter whose work is displayed in many famous museums .

Relative Pronouns 2:

Relative Pronouns 2 Relative pronouns have the same form whether they refer to singular or plural nouns, or to males or females. Ferdinand Magellan was the man who led the first expedition to sail around the world. Pioneers are people who do things others think impossible. Amelia Earhart was the woman who was the first female pilot to fly across the Atlantic.

Two Kinds of Adjective Clauses:

Two Kinds of Adjective Clauses There are two kinds of adjective clauses, identifying and nonidentifying . The books which are on the table belong to me. The books , which are on the table, belong to me. The adjective clause identifies which books the sentence talks about. The adjective clause is not necessary to identify the which books are referred to.

Commas:

Commas A nonidentifying adjective clause is separated from the rest of the sentence by commas . Do not use commas with an identifying adjective clause. The map which is on the table is new. Identifying Adjective Clause The map , which is on the table, is new. Nonidentifying Adjective Clause

Be Careful!:

Be Careful! Do not use that to introduce nonidentifying adjective clauses . Use who for people and which for places and things. Marie Curie , that won the Nobel Prize, discovered radium. Marie Curie , who won the Nobel Prize, discovered radium. Athens , that is the birthplace of the Olympics, is in Greece. Athens , which is the birthplace of the Olympics, is in Greece.

Practice 2:

Louis Armstrong was a famous American musician who he made jazz popular . 2. Frida Kahlo, whose paintings has recently become well-known , was a Mexican painter. Nelson Mandela , who live in South Africa , fought against apartheid. Chinua Achebe is a Nigerian author which writes novels about village life . Valentina Tereshkova who was the first woman to travel into space is Russian. Example : Italy , that is the birthplace of opera , is a fascinating country. which is the birthplace of opera , is a Practice 2 Find and correct the errors in the adjective clauses of the sentences. Discuss your answers with a partner. , , who have recently become well- lives in South Africa , fought against who writes novels