1-Secondary Data Collection Methods

ASSIGNMENT No. 2 : 

ASSIGNMENT No. 2 BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD Course Code : 524 The methods of collecting secondary data for research in business SUBMITTED BY: HUSNAIN KHALID ROLL # AD 511764 SUBMITTED TO: FAIZ AHMAD BHATTI

INTRODUCTION : 

INTRODUCTION Secondary data is data that is collected from the primary sources which can be used in the current research study. Collecting secondary data often takes considerably less time than collecting primary data where you would have to gather every information from scratch. It is thus possible to gather more data this way. The following are some ways of collecting secondary data: Books Records Biographies Newspapers Published censuses or other statistical data Data archives Internet articles Research articles by other researchers (journals) Databases Secondary data is data collected by someone other than the user. Common sources of secondary data for social science include censuses, surveys, organizational records and data collected through qualitative methodologies or qualitative research. Primary data, by contrast, are collected by the investigator conducting the research. Secondary data analysis saves time that would otherwise be spent collecting data and, particularly in the case of quantitative data, provides larger and higher-quality databases than would be unfeasible for any individual researcher to collect on their own. In addition to that, analysts of social and economic change consider secondary data essential, since it is impossible to conduct a new survey that can adequately capture past change and/or developments. Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD : 

BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD Overview Primary versus Secondary Data Advantages & Uses of Secondary Data Disadvantages of Secondary Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD : 

BUSINESS RESEARCH METHOD Criteria for Evaluating Secondary Data Specifications: Methodology Used to Collect the Data Error: Accuracy of the Data Currency: When the Data Were Collected Objective(s): The Purpose for Which the Data Were Collected Nature: The Content of the Data Dependability: Overall, How Dependable are the Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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Classification of Secondary Data Internal Secondary Data Published External Secondary Sources General Business Sources Guides Directories Indexes Non-governmental Statistical Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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Government Sources Census Data Other Government Publications Computerized Databases Classification of Computerized Databases Directories of Databases Syndicate Sources of Secondary Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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11) Syndicated Data from Households Surveys Psychographics & Lifestyles Advertising Evaluation General Surveys Uses of Surveys Advantages & Disadvantages of Surveys Panels Purchase Panels Media Panels Uses of Panels Advantages & Disadvantages of Panels Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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Electronic Scanner Services Volume Tracking Data Scanner Diary Panels Scanner Diary Panels with Cable TV Uses of Scanner Services Advantages & Disadvantages Syndicated Data from Institutions Retailers & Wholesalers Uses of Audit Data Advantages & Disadvantages of Audit Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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Industry Services Uses of Industry Services Advantages & Disadvantages of Industry Services Combining Information from Different Sources: Single-Source Data Applications of Secondary Data Computer Mapping Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

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International Marketing Research Ethics in Marketing Research Internet and Computer Applications Focus on Burke Summary Key Terms & Concepts Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Primary vs. Secondary Data : 

Primary vs. Secondary Data Primary data are originated by a researcher for the specific purpose of addressing the problem at hand. The collection of primary data involves all six steps of the marketing research process Secondary data are data which have already been collected for purposes other than the problem at hand. These data can be located quickly and inexpensively. Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

A Comparison of Primary & Secondary Data : 

A Comparison of Primary & Secondary Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU Primary Data Secondary Data Collection purpose For the problem at hand For other problems Collection process Very involved Rapid & easy Collection cost High Relatively low Collection time Long Short

Uses of Secondary Data : 

Uses of Secondary Data Identify the problem Better define the problem Develop an approach to the problem Formulate an appropriate research design (for example, by identifying the key variables) Answer certain research questions and test some hypotheses Interpret primary data more insightfully Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Criteria for Evaluating Secondary Data : 

Criteria for Evaluating Secondary Data Specifications: Methodology Used to Collect the Data Error: Accuracy of the Data Currency: When the Data Were Collected Objective(s): The Purpose for Which the Data Were Collected Nature: The Content of the Data Dependability: Overall, How Dependable Are the Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Criteria for Evaluating Secondary Data : 

Criteria for Evaluating Secondary Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU Criteria Issues Remarks Specifications & Methodology Error & Accuracy Currency Objective Nature Dependability Data collection method, response rate, quality & analysis of data, sampling technique & size, questionnaire design, fieldwork. Examine errors in approach, research design, sampling, data collection & analysis, & reporting. Time lag between collection & publication, frequency of updates. Why were the data collected? Definition of key variables, units of measurement, categories used, relationships examined. Expertise, credibility, reputation, & trustworthiness of the source. Data should be reliable, valid, & generalizable to the problem. Assess accuracy by comparing data from different sources. Census data are updated by syndicated firms. The objective determines the relevance of data. Reconfigure the data to increase their usefulness. Data should be obtained from an original source.

A Classification of Secondary Data : 

A Classification of Secondary Data Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Internal Secondary Data : 

Internal Secondary Data Department Store Project Sales were analyzed to obtain: Sales by product line Sales by major department (e.g., men's wear, house wares) Sales by specific stores Sales by geographical region Sales by cash versus credit purchases Sales in specific time periods Sales by size of purchase Sales trends in many of these classifications were also examined. Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Type of Individual/Household Level DataAvailable from Syndicated Firms : 

Type of Individual/Household Level DataAvailable from Syndicated Firms Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU I. Demographic Data - Identification (name, address, telephone) - Marital status - Names of family members - Age (including ages of family members) - Income - Occupation - Number of children present - Home ownership - Length of residence - Number and make of cars owned

A Classification of Published Secondary Sources : 

A Classification of Published Secondary Sources Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU Published Secondary Data General Business Sources Government Sources

A Classification of Computerized Databases : 

A Classification of Computerized Databases Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Published External Secondary Sources : 

Published External Secondary Sources Guides An excellent source of standard or recurring information Helpful in identifying other important sources of directories, trade associations, and trade publications One of the first sources a researcher should consult Directories Helpful for identifying individuals or organizations that collect specific data Examples: Consultants and Consulting Organizations Directory, Encyclopedia of Associations, FINDEX: The Directory of Market Research Reports, Studies and Surveys, and Research Services Directory Indices Helpful in locating information on a particular topic in several different publications Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Classification of Computerized Databases : 

Classification of Computerized Databases Bibliographic databases are composed of citations to articles. Numeric databases contain numerical and statistical information. Full-text databases contain the complete text of the source documents comprising the database. Directory databases provide information on individuals, organizations, and services. Special-purpose databases provide specialized information. Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

Single-Source Data : 

Single-Source Data Single-source data provide integrated information on household variables, including media consumption and purchases, and marketing variables, such as product sales, price, advertising, promotion, and in-store marketing effort. Recruit a test panel of households and meter each home's TV sets. Survey households periodically on what they read. Grocery purchases are tracked by UPC scanners. Track retail data, such as sales, advertising, and promotion. Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU

A Classification of International Sources : 

International Organizations Government Sources Nongovernment Sources Governments Trade Associations A Classification of International Sources Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU Domestic Organizations in the United States International Organizations in the United States Organizations in Foreign Countries

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Husnain Khalid AD511764 AIOU