Tsunami EWS of Malaysia

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Tsunami Early Warning System of Malaysia Overview of By Prof. Dato’ Dr. Ho Sinn-Chye

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TSUNAMI EARLY WARNING SYSTEM OF MALAYSIA

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National Tsunami Warning System It consists of a series of seismic monitoring stations and a network of coastal tide gauges that measure sea level. When a seismic disturbance is detected, its location and magnitude are computed. Warnings are issued if the magnitude is above a certain threshold.

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Then the gauging stations are monitored for abnormal changes in sea level. If a tsunami is detected, computer-based mathematical models are used to calculate its speed and direction. Coastal populations located in the predicted path of the tsunami are warned of the approaching wave train. National Tsunami Warning System

Tsunami Warning Pathway:

Tsunami Warning Pathway Danger? Decide based on magnitude, epicentre National Emergency Response (Evacuate or Stay Alert) Earthquake Detection Confirm Warning If yes Calculate epicentre and magnitude If yes Check sea level data. Tsunami generated? Yes Yes No No If>6.5 Issue Bulletin Regional TWC National TWC 6.5<M<7.0: Alert 7.0<M<7.5: Advisory >7.5: Warning

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Sea Level Observation Stations Seismic Stations Network Ocean Bottom Pressure recorders Numerical Model Historical Data Coastal Vulnerability Bathymetry Tsunami Warning Information Tsunami Warning System Design Data Processing, Analysis and Decision Making To coastal communities

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EXISTING NATIONAL SEISMIC NETWORK

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SEISMIC MONITORING SYSTEM USING VSAT TELECOMMUNICATION IDU Satellite C-Band 64Kbps Antenna Router at Petaling Jaya Seismic Digitizer Quanterra Q330 STS-2 SS-1 Episensor 64Kbps Service Provider Earth Station PC Hub Workstation at Petaling Jaya (Off-line Processing) Workstation at HQPJ (On-line Processing) Digital Lease Line 128 kbps Router at each station

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PROPOSED UPGRADING OF THE NATIONAL SEISMIC NETWORK

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NETWORK OF EXISTING TIDAL GAUGES MMS ( 5 Port Meteorological Stations ) RMN ( 12 Locations ) JUPEM ( 22 Locations ) Pelabuhan Kuantan Kota Kinabalu Sandakan Pelabuhan Bintulu Pulau Layang-Layang P. Langkawi P. Pinang Geting Cendering Semporna Pelabuhan Tawau Sejingkat Lahad Datu Kudat P. Labuan Lumut Tanjung Keling Johor Bahru Kukup Miri P. Lakei Tanjung Pengelih SOUTH CHINA SEA P. Tioman Tanjung Sedili

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PROPOSED NEW TIDAL GAUGES SOUTH CHINA SEA Pulau Dayang Bunting Pulau Pangkor Pulau Perhentian Pulau Kapas Pulau Mabul Pulau Sipadan Pulau Silingan Pulau Banggi Pulau Perak Pulau Pandanan A total of 6 new water level and tide monitoring stations will be installed on 6 selected outpost islands by the end of 2005.

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PROPOSED NEW DEEP OCEAN BUOYS

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Tsunami Early Warning System Acoustic Telemetry Anchor Glass Ball Floatation Satellite Antennae & Met. Sensors Ocean Bottom Pressure Sensor & Recorder Buoy & Master Control Unit TSUNAMI DETECTION Equipments on the buoy will detect any undersea earthquake and relay this information via satellite communication to the server in the National Tsunami Early Warning Center in MMS, Petaling Jaya. Other Surveillance Sensors : seismometers, hydro-acoustic sensors, sea-height buoys, tide gauges, satellite altimetry & images

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Buoy deployment by the MOSTI Team

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Buoy Deployment off Pulau Layang-Layang Buoy deployment by the MOSTI Team

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TV / Radio Civil Defence IOTWC Malaysian Meteorological Service Community PA System JMA National Operation Management Centre, NSC Web casting Malaysian Control Centre Mobile Phone Text Messaging PTWC DISSEMINATION OF TSUNAMI WARNING TO THE PUBLIC PUBLIC Global Network Link

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Sirens Emergency Alert System Radio & TV Telephone/Hotlines Data Systems Satellite Mobile Phone Text Messaging EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS Adopting an all-prong approach!

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Thank You … the calm after a storm