logging in or signing up ClubDiver2-PhysicsOfScubaDiving habib813 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 17 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: August 07, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript PHYSICS OF SCUBA DIVING : PHYSICS OF SCUBA DIVING Lesson contents EFFECTS OF PRESSURE BUOYANCY BASIC EQUIPMENT SCUBA EQUIPMENT DIVING SIGNALS BUDDY DIVING THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE UNITS NORMAL ENVIRONMENT DIVING ENVIRONMENT GASES UNDER PRESSURE BODY AIR SPACES BUOYANCY THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE S.I. Units Metre (m) and Centimetre (cm) 1m = 100cm Length Capacity / Volume Mass (Weight) Pressure Temperature Litre (l) 1000l = 1 cubic metre Kilogram (kg) Mass of 1 litre of water = 1kg Bar (bar) 1 bar = approximately 1 kg per square cm Degrees Celsius (0o C) THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Oxygen O2 Nitrogen N2 Composition of Air Four fifths (80%) Nitrogen Air, like all other gases is compressible THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Atmospheric Pressure = Weight of air in a 1 cm square column of the atmosphere = 1kg / cm2 = 1 bar THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : Very Dense Not Compressible Pressure increases by a further 1 bar for every 10m increase in depth THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Water pressure Absolute pressure = Water pressure (gauge pressure) + Atmospheric pressure THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE SEA LEVEL 1.0 bar 10m 20m 30m 40m 2.0 bar 3.0 bar 4.0 bar 5.0 bar Water pressure GASES UNDER PRESSURE : GASES UNDER PRESSURE AIR Depth 0m 10m 30m 20m 2 bar 3 bar 4 bar 1/2 1/4 1/3 Volume Absolute Pressure 1 bar GASES UNDER PRESSURE : GASES UNDER PRESSURE Avoid pressure damage never hold breath during ascent Breathe normally during ascent Air space compression on descent, expansion on ascent Equalisation of pressure in flexible body air spaces Volume BODY AIR SPACES : BODY AIR SPACES Sinuses Middle ear Airways Lungs Gut EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION The Ear Outer ear Inner ear Middle ear Ear drum Eustachian tube EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Pressure on the ear Prevent discomfort by ‘ear clearing’ EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Sinuses Air spaces Do not dive with a cold EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Airways Lungs Mask squeeze Heart Lungs and Airways EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Breath-holding diving 0m At 30m, lung volume is compressed to ¼ of normal volume EFFECTS OF EXPANSION : EFFECTS OF EXPANSION Never hold your breath during any ascent if using SCUBA! Breathe normally! BUOYANCY : BUOYANCY Archimedes’ principle BUOYANCY : BUOYANCY Full lungs Empty lungs Normal breathing Positive Negative Neutral SENSES UNDERWATER : Actual image SENSES UNDERWATER Water Air Apparent image Focusing of the eye in air and underwater Refracted rays pass from water to air SENSES UNDERWATER : SENSES UNDERWATER 5m 10m 15m 20m 25m 30m Absorption of colour underwater SENSES UNDERWATER : SENSES UNDERWATER Sound Sound passes through water four times faster than through air Difficult to judge direction of sound underwater BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT The diving mask PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Tempered Glass Nose Pocket Adjustable Strap Frame BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Shoe Type Adjustable Type Fins BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Self Drain Large Bore Snorkels SUMMARY : SUMMARY EFFECTS OF PRESSURE BUOYANCY BASIC EQUIPMENT SCUBA EQUIPMENT DIVING SIGNALS BUDDY DIVING You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
ClubDiver2-PhysicsOfScubaDiving habib813 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINTLite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 17 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: August 07, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript PHYSICS OF SCUBA DIVING : PHYSICS OF SCUBA DIVING Lesson contents EFFECTS OF PRESSURE BUOYANCY BASIC EQUIPMENT SCUBA EQUIPMENT DIVING SIGNALS BUDDY DIVING THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE UNITS NORMAL ENVIRONMENT DIVING ENVIRONMENT GASES UNDER PRESSURE BODY AIR SPACES BUOYANCY THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE S.I. Units Metre (m) and Centimetre (cm) 1m = 100cm Length Capacity / Volume Mass (Weight) Pressure Temperature Litre (l) 1000l = 1 cubic metre Kilogram (kg) Mass of 1 litre of water = 1kg Bar (bar) 1 bar = approximately 1 kg per square cm Degrees Celsius (0o C) THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Oxygen O2 Nitrogen N2 Composition of Air Four fifths (80%) Nitrogen Air, like all other gases is compressible THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Atmospheric Pressure = Weight of air in a 1 cm square column of the atmosphere = 1kg / cm2 = 1 bar THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : Very Dense Not Compressible Pressure increases by a further 1 bar for every 10m increase in depth THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE Water pressure Absolute pressure = Water pressure (gauge pressure) + Atmospheric pressure THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE : THE EFFECTS OF PRESSURE SEA LEVEL 1.0 bar 10m 20m 30m 40m 2.0 bar 3.0 bar 4.0 bar 5.0 bar Water pressure GASES UNDER PRESSURE : GASES UNDER PRESSURE AIR Depth 0m 10m 30m 20m 2 bar 3 bar 4 bar 1/2 1/4 1/3 Volume Absolute Pressure 1 bar GASES UNDER PRESSURE : GASES UNDER PRESSURE Avoid pressure damage never hold breath during ascent Breathe normally during ascent Air space compression on descent, expansion on ascent Equalisation of pressure in flexible body air spaces Volume BODY AIR SPACES : BODY AIR SPACES Sinuses Middle ear Airways Lungs Gut EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION The Ear Outer ear Inner ear Middle ear Ear drum Eustachian tube EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Pressure on the ear Prevent discomfort by ‘ear clearing’ EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Sinuses Air spaces Do not dive with a cold EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Airways Lungs Mask squeeze Heart Lungs and Airways EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION : EFFECTS OF COMPRESSION Breath-holding diving 0m At 30m, lung volume is compressed to ¼ of normal volume EFFECTS OF EXPANSION : EFFECTS OF EXPANSION Never hold your breath during any ascent if using SCUBA! Breathe normally! BUOYANCY : BUOYANCY Archimedes’ principle BUOYANCY : BUOYANCY Full lungs Empty lungs Normal breathing Positive Negative Neutral SENSES UNDERWATER : Actual image SENSES UNDERWATER Water Air Apparent image Focusing of the eye in air and underwater Refracted rays pass from water to air SENSES UNDERWATER : SENSES UNDERWATER 5m 10m 15m 20m 25m 30m Absorption of colour underwater SENSES UNDERWATER : SENSES UNDERWATER Sound Sound passes through water four times faster than through air Difficult to judge direction of sound underwater BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT The diving mask PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Tempered Glass Nose Pocket Adjustable Strap Frame BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Shoe Type Adjustable Type Fins BASIC EQUIPMENT : BASIC EQUIPMENT PURPOSE FEATURES TO SEEK AND AVOID USE AND AFTERCARE Self Drain Large Bore Snorkels SUMMARY : SUMMARY EFFECTS OF PRESSURE BUOYANCY BASIC EQUIPMENT SCUBA EQUIPMENT DIVING SIGNALS BUDDY DIVING