WIND ENERGY

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Science project On Wind power electricity

Presented by :- : 

Presented by :- Rohit Nair Chirag sanghvi Shubham deshpande Shubham dosi

CONTENTS : 

What is wind energy History Wind power usage Small scale wind power Economics and feasibility Environmental effects CONTENTS

What is wind energy : 

What is wind energy Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electricity, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for pumping water or drainage, or sails to propel ships. The Earth is unevenly heated by the sun, such that the poles receive less energy from the sun than the equator; along with this, dry land heats up (and cools down) more quickly than the seas do. At the end of 2009, worldwide nameplate capacity of wind-powered generators was 159.2 gigawatts (GW). Energy production was 340 TWh, which is about 2% of worldwide electricity usage .

History : 

History Humans have been using wind power for at least 5,500 years to propel sailboats and sailing ships, and architects have used wind-driven natural ventilation in buildings since similarly ancient times. Wind mills have been used for irrigation pumping and for milling grain since the 7th century AD in what is now Afghanistan iran and Pakistan. In the United States, the development of the “water pumping windmill” was the major factor in allowing the farming and ranching of vast areas otherwise devoid of readily accessible water. Windpumps contributed to the expansion of rail transport systems throughout the world, by pumping water from water wells for the steam locomotives.

Wind power usage : 

Wind power usage There are now many thousands of wind turbines operating, with a total nameplate capacity of 157,899 MW of which wind power in Europe accounts for 48% (2009). World wind generation capacity more than quadrupled between 2000 and 2006, doubling about every three years. 81% of wind power installations are in the US and Europe. The share of the top five countries in terms of new installations fell from 71% in 2004 to 62% in 2006, but climbed to 73% by 2008 as those countries — the United States, Germany, Spain, China, and India — have seen substantial capacity growth in the past two years.

Installed wind power capacity : 

Installed wind power capacity

Small scale wind power : 

Small scale wind power Small-scale wind power is the name given to wind generation systems with the capacity to produce up to 50 kW of electrical power . Isolated communities, that may otherwise rely on diesel generators may use wind turbines to displace diesel fuel consumption. Individuals may purchase these systems to reduce or eliminate their dependence on grid electricity for economic or other reasons, or to reduce their carbon footprint. Wind turbines have been used for household electricity generation in conjunction with battery storage over many decades in remote areas.

Economics and feasibility : 

Economics and feasibility Are:- Relative cost of electricity by generation source Growth and cost trends Direct costs External costs

Environmental effects : 

Environmental effects Compared to the environmental effects of traditional energy sources, the environmental effects of wind power are relatively minor. Wind power consumes no fuel, and emits no air pollution, unlike fossil fuel power sources. The energy consumed to manufacture and transport the materials used to build a wind power plant is equal to the new energy produced by the plant within a few months of operation. Garrett Gross, a scientist from UKMC in Kansas City, Missouri states, "The impact made on the environment is very little when compared to what is gained." The initial carbon dioxide emission from energy used in the installation is "paid back" within about 2.5 years of operation for offshore turbines.

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