Oxidation and Reduction

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Presentation Transcript

Oxidation and Reduction : 

Oxidation and Reduction

Oxidation : 

Oxidation Reaction with oxygen Loss of electrons Oxidation is Loss of e- OiL

Reduction : 

Reduction Less metal than amount of ore Gain of electrons Reduction is Gain of e- RiG

RedOx Reactions : 

RedOx Reactions Oxidation always occurs with Reduction If something loses electrons something else has to gain

RedOx Reactions : 

RedOx Reactions Lose electrons oxidation. Gain electrons reduction.

RedOx Reactions : 

RedOx Reactions Oxidation is loss. Reduction is gain.

RedOx Reactions : 

RedOx Reactions Statues turning green Rusting of iron Combustion of fuel Effects of bleach Browning of fruit

Oxidation Numbers : 

Oxidation Numbers Tells the number of electrons gained or lost Assigned to atoms, may not be actual charge Higher electronegativity get negative values Change during Redox reactions

Rules for Oxidation Numbers : 

Rules for Oxidation Numbers Single, pure elements have an oxidation number of 0. All monatomic ions have an oxidation number equal to their ionic charge. In a compound, oxygen has an oxidation number of 2-. In a compound, hydrogen has an oxidation number of 1+

Rules for Oxidation Numbers : 

Rules for Oxidation Numbers In compounds, alkali metals have an oxidation number of 1+, alkaline earth metals have an oxidation number 2+, and fluorine has an oxidation number 1-. For a compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers of each atom must equal 0. For a polyatomic ion, the sum of the oxidation numbers of each atom must equal the charge of the ion

Review : 

Review Oxidation and Reduction always occur together As one atoms loses electrons another atoms must gain them Oil Rig Leo goes Ger

Examples : 

Examples Rusting Iron is oxidized Oxygen in air is reduced Nitroglycerine Glycerin is oxidized Nitro is reduced

Agents : 

Agents “Agents” cause the reaction Oxidizing agents Cause oxidation Take the electrons Reduced in process

Agents : 

Agents “Agents” cause the reaction Reducing agents Cause reduction Give the electrons Oxidized in process

Examples : 

Examples Iron rusting Iron is oxidized It is the reducing agent Oxygen is reduced It is the oxidizing agent

Show Redox : 

Show Redox Mg + HCl  MgCl2 + H2 First balance the equation

Show Redox : 

Show Redox Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 First balance the equation

Show Redox : 

Show Redox Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Mark the oxidation numbers

Show Redox : 

Show Redox 0 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Mark the oxidation numbers

Show Redox : 

Show Redox 0 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Oxidation is loss of electrons

Show Redox : 

Show Redox 0 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Oxidation is loss of electrons More positive numbers

Show Redox : 

Show Redox 0 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Reduction is gain of electrons

Show Redox : 

Show Redox 0 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 Mg + 2 HCl  MgCl2 + H2 Reduction is gain of electrons Charge gets lower

Examples : 

Examples Magnesium reacting with acid Magnesium is oxidized It is the reducing agent Hydrogen is reduced It is the oxidizing agent