logging in or signing up Acid R and pH grazianir Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 221 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: February 17, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) it so great! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Acid Rain and pH : Acid Rain and pH Understanding the production of Acid Rain What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? fog, sleet, snow, or rain pH lower than 5.6 in the absence of air pollution. What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Rain is normally somewhat acidic Carbonic acid formed when rain falls through air. What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Carbonic Acid H2CO3 Formed from carbon dioxide CO2 + H2O H2CO3 What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Natural Events Changes in nature that could produce acid rain. Forest fires Volcanic eruptions Sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the air can cause acid rain. Other Causes : Other Causes Sulfuric Acid Sulfur oxides mixed with water. Especially SO3 + H2O H2SO4 Other Causes : Other Causes Nitric Acid Nitrogen oxides mixed with water. Especially N2O5 + H2O 2 HNO3 Other Causes : Other Causes Industrial Revolution Change craftsmen factories people live close together near factory need for power changed: water wheels steam engines fired by wood steam engines fired by fossil fuels Electricity from fossil fuels Other Causes : Other Causes Fossil fuels Coal Oil Natural gas Most of the electricity in the United States is produced by burning coal. Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand SOx S + O2 SO2 or 2 S + 3 O2 2 SO3 mixture of SO2 and SO3 can be marked SOx Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand NOx N2 + O2 2 NO or N2 + 2 O2 2 NO2 or N2 + 3 O2 2 NO3 mixture of NO, NO2 and NO3 can be marked NOx Could also be N2O, N2O3, N2O5 Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand pH measure of acidity 7 = neutral < 7 is acid lower more acid > 7 is base higher more base Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Aquatic life Plants and animals living in water are affected first. Most life pH= 8.5 to 6.5 pH lower than 4 nothing can survive. Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Leaching water draws soluble substances out of soil (example coffee out of coffee beans). Minerals leached from soil to water Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Solubility Acid rain increases solubility of minerals. Less minerals in soil for land plants More minerals (possibly toxic level) for aquatic life Society and Acid Rain : Society and Acid Rain political boundaries countries, states, counties set by the government Air and air pollution are not affected made in the US moves into Canada made in Germany moves into Poland. Satellite image of volcanic ash plume illustrates – could be air pollution from a factory that would produce acid rain. Society and Acid Rain : Society and Acid Rain Clean Air Act Laws enacted starting in the 1970’s Control the amount of pollution given off by industry Long complicated chain of changes over last 30 years. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Sulfur pollution comes from power plants Most electricity is made by burning coal. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Scrubbers Additions to coal and oil burning Take pollutants out of the air Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution US Steel one of the first Put scrubbers on coke plants to recover chemicals Sell as by-products. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Fuels containing Sulfur Coal mostly Oil to some extent. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution N2 and O2 combine High temperature Internal combustion engine Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Cars and truck Large amounts of NOx Nitrogen and oxygen in the air combine. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Cars Trucks Buses Largest producers of NOx. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Power plants Significant amount NOx Besides sulfur oxides. Buffers : Buffers Chemical combinations Weak acids and bases Keep pH of a mixture constant Buffers : Buffers Buffers added to cosmetics, pharmaceuticals pH won’t change when used “pH-balanced” Buffers : Buffers Lakes and oceans are naturally buffered can absorb some acid rain pH changes very little When pH of a river or lake starts to change, it can change dramatically pH of rain in USA : pH of rain in USA You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Acid R and pH grazianir Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 221 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: February 17, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) i like it but can't dowload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: tranthihachau (20 month(s) ago) it so great! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Acid Rain and pH : Acid Rain and pH Understanding the production of Acid Rain What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? fog, sleet, snow, or rain pH lower than 5.6 in the absence of air pollution. What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Rain is normally somewhat acidic Carbonic acid formed when rain falls through air. What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Carbonic Acid H2CO3 Formed from carbon dioxide CO2 + H2O H2CO3 What is Acid Rain? : What is Acid Rain? Natural Events Changes in nature that could produce acid rain. Forest fires Volcanic eruptions Sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the air can cause acid rain. Other Causes : Other Causes Sulfuric Acid Sulfur oxides mixed with water. Especially SO3 + H2O H2SO4 Other Causes : Other Causes Nitric Acid Nitrogen oxides mixed with water. Especially N2O5 + H2O 2 HNO3 Other Causes : Other Causes Industrial Revolution Change craftsmen factories people live close together near factory need for power changed: water wheels steam engines fired by wood steam engines fired by fossil fuels Electricity from fossil fuels Other Causes : Other Causes Fossil fuels Coal Oil Natural gas Most of the electricity in the United States is produced by burning coal. Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand SOx S + O2 SO2 or 2 S + 3 O2 2 SO3 mixture of SO2 and SO3 can be marked SOx Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand NOx N2 + O2 2 NO or N2 + 2 O2 2 NO2 or N2 + 3 O2 2 NO3 mixture of NO, NO2 and NO3 can be marked NOx Could also be N2O, N2O3, N2O5 Chemists’ shorthand : Chemists’ shorthand pH measure of acidity 7 = neutral < 7 is acid lower more acid > 7 is base higher more base Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Aquatic life Plants and animals living in water are affected first. Most life pH= 8.5 to 6.5 pH lower than 4 nothing can survive. Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Leaching water draws soluble substances out of soil (example coffee out of coffee beans). Minerals leached from soil to water Effects of Acid Rain : Effects of Acid Rain Solubility Acid rain increases solubility of minerals. Less minerals in soil for land plants More minerals (possibly toxic level) for aquatic life Society and Acid Rain : Society and Acid Rain political boundaries countries, states, counties set by the government Air and air pollution are not affected made in the US moves into Canada made in Germany moves into Poland. Satellite image of volcanic ash plume illustrates – could be air pollution from a factory that would produce acid rain. Society and Acid Rain : Society and Acid Rain Clean Air Act Laws enacted starting in the 1970’s Control the amount of pollution given off by industry Long complicated chain of changes over last 30 years. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Sulfur pollution comes from power plants Most electricity is made by burning coal. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Scrubbers Additions to coal and oil burning Take pollutants out of the air Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution US Steel one of the first Put scrubbers on coke plants to recover chemicals Sell as by-products. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Fuels containing Sulfur Coal mostly Oil to some extent. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution N2 and O2 combine High temperature Internal combustion engine Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Cars and truck Large amounts of NOx Nitrogen and oxygen in the air combine. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Cars Trucks Buses Largest producers of NOx. Sources of Acid Rain Pollution : Sources of Acid Rain Pollution Power plants Significant amount NOx Besides sulfur oxides. Buffers : Buffers Chemical combinations Weak acids and bases Keep pH of a mixture constant Buffers : Buffers Buffers added to cosmetics, pharmaceuticals pH won’t change when used “pH-balanced” Buffers : Buffers Lakes and oceans are naturally buffered can absorb some acid rain pH changes very little When pH of a river or lake starts to change, it can change dramatically pH of rain in USA : pH of rain in USA