Chapter 16 Section 1 Notes

Chapter 16 Section 1: 

Chapter 16 Section 1 Dictators Threaten World Peace State of Michigan Content Expectations Causes of WWII – Analyze the factors contributing to World War II in Europe and in the Pacific region, and America ’ s entry into war including the political and economic disputes over territory (e.g., failure of Versailles Treaty, League of Nations, Munich Agreement) the differences in the civic and political values of the United States and those of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan United States neutrality

Failures of WWI Peace: 

Failures of WWI Peace Germany Unfair (had to take blame for starting war) Angry about losing territories Limited military size War reparations Treaty of Versailles didn ’ t help European countries rebuild Huge war debt hurt European economies Some democratic powers collapses & dictators seized power

Joseph Stalin Transforms Soviet Union: 

Joseph Stalin Transforms Soviet Union Under Stalin, Soviet Union becomes a communist state No private businesses/private property Totalitarian government Individual have no rights, govt. suppresses all opposition 8-13 million killed due to Stalin Turns USSR into industrial power

Fascism in Italy: 

Fascism in Italy New political movement that consists of a strong centralized govt headed by a powerful dictator Benito Mussolini established a totalitarian regime Extreme nationalism - Mussolini dreamed of making Italy a great world power People feared spread of communism so they supported Mussolini

Nazis Take Over Germany: 

Nazis Take Over Germany Nazism (form of fascism) based on extreme nationalism & racism Hitler dreamed of uniting all German speaking people into a German empire Nazis believed in national expansion Hitler wrote in Mein Kampf that the German people will get the land they are entitled to even if it means war

Nazis Take Over Germany: 

Nazis Take Over Germany

Nazis Take Over Germany: 

Nazis Take Over Germany

Militarists Gain Control in Japan: 

Militarists Gain Control in Japan Military leaders, wanting expansion, take control of govt. Launched military invasion of Chinese province of Manchuria (1931) League of Nations supposed to prevent such acts League condemns Japans actions Japan quits League of Nations

Aggression in Europe: 

Aggression in Europe Failure of the League of Nations with Japan caught the attention of Europe ’ s dictators Hitler pulls Germany out of the League in ‘ 33 ‘ 35 Germany begins military build up in violation of the Treaty of Versailles ‘ 36 sends troops into the Rhineland (border region with France & Belgium which was demilitarized by Versailles) Sign Rome-Berlin Axis Pact (formal alliance between Germany & Italy) League does nothing to stop Hitler

Agression in Europe: 

Agression in Europe Mussolini began building new Roman Empire Set sights on Ethiopia (Africa ’ s only remaining independent country) ‘ 35 Italy ready to invade League of Nations talked of “ Collective resistance to all acts of unprovoked aggression ” When invasion begins League responds only with an ineffective economic boycott ‘ 36 Ethiopia falls Haile Selassie (emperor) appeals to League and nothing was done “ It is us today. It will be you tomorrow ”

U.S. Responds Cautiously: 

U.S. Responds Cautiously Most Americans sympathetic but still support isolationism Neutrality Acts ( ‘ 35)--effort to keep U.S. out of future wars First two acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war Third act banned arms sales to nations undergoing civil wars (Spain)