gpws

Slide 1: 

Pull Up

Slide 2: 

GPWS (Ground Proximity Warning System) is a system comprising of a CPU, which accepts inputs from various sources. The CPU continually examines these inputs, and if a collision risk with the terrain exists, appropriate visual and aural warnings generate to warn the pilot. GPWS Marc

Slide 3: 

The CPU of the GPWS takes in information from various sources like altimeters, ILS, Glide Slope, gear & flap position, air data, then the computer, interprets and analyzes the data to see if there is any risk of collision. If there is a risks of collision, the CPU will start to generate warnings like appropriate visual aural warnings. How does gpws work? Marc

Slide 4: 

Types of Alerts: Advisory or situational awareness information (Take Note) - Only Aural Alert is sounded Cautionary alert (Understand the Need for Action) - Both Aural Alert and Yellow Visual Alert GPWS Warnings and alerts Warning alerts (Act Immediately) - Loud Aural Alert - Red Visual alert Adelene

Slide 5: 

GPWS Warnings and alerts Adelene

Slide 6: 

Gpws panel Khairul

Slide 7: 

Mode 1 Warns of excessive descent rate. If the aircraft is less than 2500 ft, as determined by the radar altimeter, and is losing altitude too quickly. A GPWS warning light will illuminate and “sink rate, sink rate” will be heard. If the situation is not corrected “whoop, whoop, pull up, pull up” will be heard. Girish

Slide 8: 

This mode consists of two sub modes: Mode 2A: The flaps are NOT in the landing configuration Mode 2B: The flaps are in the landing configuration. This mode possesses two boundaries like mode 1 (initial penetration area and inner warning area) Penetrating the 1st boundary results in an aural alert of “TERRAIN,TERRAIN” and followed by a repetitive aural alert of “WHOOP WHOOP PULL-UP”. Mode 2 Adelene

Slide 9: 

This mode activates if an excessive height loss occurs during initial take-off climb and during a go-around procedure. If the plane enters the envelops, a repetitive aural alert of “DON”T SINK” sounds until the flight condition is corrected. This mode is only active during take-off or when either the flaps or undercarriage retracts during a missed approach. Mode 3 The alert is generated when the accumulated loss in height as detected in the pressure altimeter equals approximately 10% of the existing radio altitude. Mode 3 does not arm until below 200 ft radio altitude. Adelene

Slide 10: 

Mode 4A activates whenever the terrain clearance hits 500 ft radio altitude regardless of rate of descend unless the landing gear is fully extended. If the airspeed is too high , the “TOO LOW TERRAIN” alarm will sound. If the plane is flying too low at low speeds with landing gear retracted , the “TOO LOW GEAR” alarm will sound. The visual alert would be “PULL UP”. Mode 4a Marc

Slide 11: 

Mode 4B activates when the aircraft encounters unsafe terrain clearance. If the aircraft is flying at below 245 ft and at airspeeds less than 159 knots , an aural alert of “TOO LOW FLAPS” sounds. Mode 4b Marc

Slide 12: 

Warns the crew of glide slope deviations. When the aircraft receives a valid glide slope and sinks two dots below “glide slope” will be heard. The warning will continue with increasing intensity if the problem is not corrected. This warning may be canceled by the pilot. Girish Mode 5

Slide 13: 

Mode 6 provides alerts and callouts for descent below predefined altitudes on the radio altimeter . The aural alert is “Minimums , Minimums” Mode 6 Khairul

Slide 14: 

Mode 7 Provides warning of windshear conditions during take-off. Windshear is a sudden change in wind direction and/or windspeed over a relatively short distance in the atmosphere and can have a detrimental effect on the performance of an aircraft. Mode 7 Khairul

Slide 15: 

Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System A limitation of GPWS is the fact that with radar altimeter information only the aircraft is only capable of seeing terrain directly below. In the case of rapidly rising terrain it may not react quick enough to issue a warning in time. EGPWS corrects this problem by integrating an aircraft navigational source into the system. GPS position in conjunction with a terrain database is used to help predict terrain conflict. Any catalogued man made obstructions are included in the database. This type of system can be used to display terrain profile to the pilot to improve situational awareness. egpws Girish

Slide 16: 

TERRAIN SAFELY BELOW THE AIRCRAFT Cautionary alert 60 seconds prior to impact with terrain Warning that terrain impact is within 30 seconds.Pilot needs to pull up Egpws Display colour coding Khairul