Internet - Final Version

The Internet : 

The Internet

The Internet, What is it? : 

The Internet, What is it? The Internet is – a vast computer network linking smaller computer networks worldwide. The Internet includes commercial, educational, governmental, and other such networks, all of which use the same set of communications protocols. an electronic communications network that connects computer networks and organizational computer facilities around the world A Digital model of the Internet

What category does The Internet fit under?The Internet is simply a huge network. : 

What category does The Internet fit under?The Internet is simply a huge network. What is a Network? A network is a system that consists of nodes and links that connect those nodes - a node is a connecting point at which several lines come together. A path exists from a particular node to any other available node. Networks are frequently growing and evolving structures.

The Internet and The World Wide Web : 

They are not the same thing. The Internet is a global interconnection of computer networks. The World Wide Web is a way to navigate this massive network. In sailing terms, it's like comparing an ocean to a ship. The Internet and The World Wide Web

Why was the Internet started? : 

The catalyst of the internet was the Soviet Union’s launch of Sputnik, the first man-made satellite, in 1957. The United States and the Soviet Union were enemies as the Cold War was at its peak. The thought process was that if the Soviet Union could launch a satellite into space than it might be possible for them to also launch a missile at North America. Why was the Internet started?

How did the Internet get started? : 

The start of the Internet can be traced to the government program called the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA), created by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1958 as a direct response to Sputnik The project was designed to give a technological edge to the U.S. over other countries. In the 5o’s, computers were enormous, room sized devices that could only process a faction of the information that a modern PC can easily handle in today’s era of technology. ARPA enlisted the assistance of Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN), in an effort to change this by creating a computer network. BBN’s challenge was to connect four computers running on four different operating systems. They would call this, the first network ever, the ARPANET.(date) How did the Internet get started?

ARPANET’s influence : 

ARPANET’s influence Although other groups were attempting to develop ways to link computers together, ARPANET established the protocols that the internet utilizes to this very day. Without ARPANET it’s possible there could have been a large delay before anyone tried to join regional networks together into a larger system. The Internet might look and behave differently, or even not exist without ARPANET.

The History of the Internet : 

The History of the Internet 1962 - Paul Baran is commissioned by the U.S. Air force (ARPA), to develop a replacement for circuit switching, which only let one computer be connected to anther on a network. Baran developed packet switching which allowed many computers to be linked to each other creating much more robust and fault tolerant networks.

History of the Internet : 

History of the Internet 1957- The USSR launches the Sputnik causing America to start the ARPA. 1968- Beginning of the “Internet” with the first nodes placed on the college campuses of UCLA, UCSB, UU and Stanford Research Institute. 1972- The first e-mail program was crated by Ray Tomlinson of BBN.

History of The Internet : 

History of The Internet 1976- SATNET a satellite that linked America’s “network” to Europe’s. 1983- Domain Name System (DNS) produced a much more user friendly way to access other servers, users no longer had to remember long strings of numbers. 1985- T1 lines were deployed which increased speed capacity by 25% percent over old lines.

History of The Internet : 

History of The Internet 1988- Internet traffic increase so much that plans to upgrade lines again are made. 1990- Tim Berners-Lee and CERN in Geneva develop Hypertext system which makes accessing and viewing information over the Internet much more efficient. 1992- World-Wide Web is released by CERN, along with all lines being upgraded to T3

Key Players and there Additions to the Internet Continued. : 

Key Players and there Additions to the Internet Continued. IBM- Creates BITNET the “store and forward” network. Used for emails and list servers. (1979) Tim Berners-Lee and CERN implant hypertext system to provide efficient information accesses. Along with later releasing the World-Wide Web. (1990) Dr. Robert M. Metcalfe develops the Ethernet cable which allowed data to be moved extremely fast. (1996)

Key Players and there Additions to the Internet : 

Key Players and there Additions to the Internet Paul Baran of RAND – Inventor of Packet Switching which led to the realization of a computer network. (1972) Ray Tomlinson of BBN- creator of the first email program. (1972) Vinton Cerf from Stanford and Bob Khan from DARPA – Developed TCP/IP This new protocol was to allow diverse computer networks to interconnect and communicate with each other. (1973) Dr. Robert M. Metcalfe – Develops the Ethernet, allowing data to move extremely fast. (1976) national history day

Challenges: Developing A Standard : 

Challenges: Developing A Standard Protocols were one of the earliest challenges that not only the internet, but also computers encountered. The first four computers to operate on a network for the military all had different operating systems. So, a unified set of rules for the networks to follow had to be created in order for the computers to communi-cate without the entire system crashing. These rules are called protocols. Originally, the first set of protocols was called Network Control Protocol (NCP), which later switched to Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol ( TCP/IP) which developed through the 60’s and 70’s until the US Department of Defense declared TCP/IP as the standard for all military computer networking in March 1982.

Challenges: Viewing the Internet : 

Challenges: Viewing the Internet Users needed a unified code in which to browse and view information on any computer anywhere, and the presentation software to view it. Hence Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) are born. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) links pages together through text and media. This makes access of individual web pages more user friendly. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), is the structure that the page is written in, allowing text and media to be embedded into the page. Hypertext Markup language and Hyper Text Transfer protocol was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990-93.

The Web Browser : 

The Web Browser Web browsers are required to actually see the information on the internet. The first Web browser was developed by Tim Berners-Lee and CERN in 1990 to view information on the internet using HTTP and HTML. The very first web browser was called WorldWideWeb, which later changed to Nexus to avoid confusion between the browser and the abstract information space. Web Brower's were an important part of the whole information viewing process via the internet. Without the world wide web your computer would not be able to understand the information it accessed on the internet. Likewise, without web browsers you would not be able to see the information that is accessed on the internet in the graphical way that we do today

The Internet : 

The Internet The internet is incredible innovation, that half a century ago was only a mind blowing concept. It’s universal, instantanous and ubiquitous- it can help anyone, from almost any were, on any day of the week. Despite all its great features and capabilities, not all aspects of the internet are positive.

Pros of The Internet : 

Pros of The Internet It’s technology has, figuratively speaking, reduced the size of the world allowing people from around the world to communicate and share ideas instantaneously. Checking your news or mail use to be an all day affair waiting for the mail man or paper boy but now you can get updates as fast as your webpage can load. Many things such as shopping out, paying bills, and banking, can all be done from the convince of your own home. It has set an example and laid the foundation for other technologies that utilize networks to develope such as wireless phone services and bluetooth.

Cons of The Internet : 

Cons of The Internet Probably the most obvious negative aspect of the internet – Adult content. Second in line – Piracy. It is becoming easier and easier these days for immoral people to steal and download copywrited content illegally from the internet. This trend violates the artist’s rights; after all how could you respect some one enough to listen to their music but not to pay for it? Another problem with the internet is inaccurate information. The internet is like tv, you can’t trust everything you see on it. an perfect example of this is Wikipedia. Although most people don’t realize it, anyone can

Contributes to the Internet We can attribute life as it is today to these men. : 

Contributes to the Internet We can attribute life as it is today to these men.

Bibliography- Most Cited Works : 

Bibliography- Most Cited Works Kleinrock, Leonard. "Leonard Kleinrock's Home Page." UCLA Computer Science Department. Web. 15 Oct. 2009. <http://www.cs.ucla.edu/~lk/index.html>. Annotation: This is a primary source; it is the personal site of Kleinrock Leonard, the creator of packet switching on a network. We used his page for information on his work and for the dates of his notable accomplishments. Kirstula, Dave. "The History of the Internet." Dave's Site / davesite.com. Aug. 2001. Web. 15 Oct. 2009. <http://www.davesite.com/webstation/net-history.shtml>. Annotation: This is a secondary source. It is a time line of events on the Internet. We used it to tell important occurrences across the years that had to do with the development of the Internet. "Tim Berners-Lee." World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Web. 15 Oct. 2009. <http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/>. Annotation: This is a primary resourse. This is Tim Berners-Lee’s personal site. We used it as a source for information about his contributions to the Internet – he developed protocol (http), and web language (HTML).