1.2 Exponents and Order of Operations : 1.2 Exponents and Order of Operations
Vocabulary : Simplify:
Replace a numerical expression with its simplest name
Is 32 – 5 simplified?
Exponent:
Tells how many times you multiply the base by itself
32
Base:
The number being multiplied in a given power
32
Power:
The term for the base and exponent, combined
32 Vocabulary
Order of Operations : P: Parentheses or grouping symbols
( , [ , {
E: Exponents
M: Multiplication
?
D: Division
? , ? , /
A: Addition
+
S: Subtraction
- Order of Operations
1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression : 25 – 7 ? 5 + 32
= 25 – 7 ? 5 + 9
= 25 – 35 + 9
= -10 + 9
= -1 1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression X ? X ? ? ?
1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression : b) 7 – 12 + 4
= -5 + 4
= -1 1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression X X X X ? ?
1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression : c) 3 ? 4 ? 6
= 12 ? 6
= 2 1. Simplifying a Numerical Expression X X ? ? X X
2. Evaluating Algebraic Expressions : a) 2x + 17 – 3 where x=2
= 2(2) + 17 – 3
Remember PEMDAS when simplifying
= 4 + 17 – 3
= 21 – 3
= 18
d + e – u where d=2, e=1, and u=17
= (2) + (1) – (17)
Again, follow PEMDAS
= 3 – 17
= -14 2. Evaluating Algebraic Expressions
2. Evaluating Algebraic Expressions : c) 40 – d2 + cd ? 3 where c=2 and d = 5
= 40 – (5) 2 + (2)(5) ? 3
= 40 – 25 + (2)(5) ? 3
= 40 – 25 + 30
= 15 + 30
= 45 2. Evaluating Algebraic Expressions
3. Real World Application : A poster states that a pair of shoes are on sale for $59.00. If the sales tax is 6%, what is the total cost of the shoes?
Use the formula c = p + rp
C: total cost
P: price of the shoes
R: sales tax rate
C = (59.00) + (0.06)(59.00)
C = 59 + 3.54
C = $62.54
The total cost of the shoes, including sales tax, will be $62.54. 3. Real World Application
4. Simplifying More Expressions : a) 15(12-6) ? (3+3)
If it helps, make a PEMDAS box
= 15(6) ? (6)
*We now work from left to right
= 90 ? (6)
= 15
b) (5+4) ? (7 – 3)
If it helps, make a PEMDAS box
= (9) ? (4)
= 36 4. Simplifying More Expressions
5. Evaluate : a) (xy) where x=3 and y=4
= (3? 4)
* Use PEMDAS to simplify
= 12
y2 + 5 where y = 5
= (5) 2 + 5
* Use PEMDAS to simplify
= 25 + 5
= 30 5. Evaluate
5. Evaluate : c) [2+(x – 1)] – (x)2 ? 8 where x = 3
= [2+(3 – 1)] – (3)2 ? 8
*Use PEMDAS to simplify
= [2+(2)] – (3)2 ? 8
= 4 - (3)2 ? 8
= 4 – 9 ? 8
= 4 – 72
= -68 5. Evaluate