Pakistan 1

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Pakistan: 

Pakistan

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Green with a vertical white band (symbolizing the role of religious minorities) on the hoist side Large white crescent and star are centered in the green field The crescent, star, and color green are traditional symbols of Islam

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Area: total: 803,940 sq km slightly less than twice the size of California Land use: arable land: 24.44% permanent crops: 0.84%

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Natural hazards: frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and August)

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Population: 164,741,924 (July 2007 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 36.9% 15-64 years: 58.8% 65 years and over: 4.3% Median age: total: 20.9 years

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Life expectancy at birth: total population: 63.75 years male: 62.73 years female: 64.83 years

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Ethnic groups: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants) Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3%

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan http://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/shows/junoon/map.html

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Languages: Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski and other 8% Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 49.9% male: 63% female: 36%

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Capital: Islamabad Independence: 14 August 1947 (from UK) Legal system: based on English common law with provisions to accommodate Pakistan's status as an Islamic state

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan GDP (purchasing power parity): $437.5 billion GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,600 (2006 est.) GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 22% industry: 26% services: 52%

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Unemployment rate: 6.5% plus substantial underemployment Population below poverty line: 24% Currency (code): Pakistani rupee (PKR)

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Telephones - mobile cellular: 63.16 million (2007) Television broadcast stations: 20 (5 state-run channels and 15 privately-owned satellite channels) Internet users: 12 million

Islamic Republic of Pakistan: 

Islamic Republic of Pakistan Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 3.2%

Semi-presidential systems : 

Semi-presidential systems In semi-presidential systems, there is usually both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the President has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the role of a head of government is exercised by the prime minister, who is also head of the legislature

Parliamentary republics : 

Parliamentary republics A parliamentary republic is a system in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature The president's degree of executive power may range from being reasonably significant (eg. Poland) to little or none at all (eg. Ireland). Where the president holds little executive power, their function is primarily that of a symbolic figurehead

Slide19: 

Timeline: Pakistani History

History: 

History 1940 - Muslim League endorses idea of separate nation for India's Muslims. Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Pakistan's founder 1947 - Muslim state of East and West Pakistan created out of partition of India at the end of British rule. Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal violence and millions are made homeless.

History: 

History Pakistan was born as an Muslim state The country has a troubling tradition of the military as the arbiter of power There have been four coups in its 60 years of independence rampant corruption and waves of economic and political unrest. Upon its creation, Pakistan consisted of two separate wings flanking northern India; in 1971, the country's eastern portion broke away to become Bangladesh.

History: 

History                  The two wings of Pakistan in 1970; East Pakistan separated from the West wing in 1971 as an independent Bangladesh

Issues - Taliban: 

Issues - Taliban Pakistan's place on the world stage shifted after the 11 September 2001 attacks in the US. It dropped its support for the Taliban regime in Afghanistan and was propelled into the frontline in the fight against terrorism, becoming a key ally of Washington.

Issues - Taliban: 

Issues - Taliban Pakistani forces say they have arrested hundreds of suspected al-Qaeda and Taliban-linked militants in the rugged, restive tribal regions along the Pakistani-Afghan border. Tens of thousands of troops are deployed in the area, which has been the scene of fierce fighting between security forces and suspected militants. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/taliban/view/

Issues - Taliban: 

Issues - Taliban Mountainous region of northwest Pakistan, bordering Afghanistan There is growing world attention on the remote Pakistani tribal region of South Waziristan as efforts continue to locate Osama Bin Laden

Issues - Kashmir: 

Issues - Kashmir Tensions with India over Kashmir remain and have fuelled fears of a regional arms race. However, an ongoing peace process has brought the two nuclear-armed powers back from the brink of renewed conflict.

Issues - Kashmir: 

Issues - Kashmir Kashmir was at the heart of two of three wars they have fought since 1947 http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/flash_point/kashmir/

Issues - Kashmir: 

Issues - Kashmir Both sides reject independence for Kashmir and the long dispute continues to fester Pakistan became a nuclear power in 1998, in response to nuclear tests conducted by India.

Issues - Kashmir: 

Issues - Kashmir The people of Kashmir do not know if they will ever get their long-promised plebiscite, giving them a chance to vote on whether Kashmir should be a part of Pakistan, a part of India, or its own independent state. http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/fellows/kashmir/map.htm l

Issues -Corruption: 

Issues -Corruption Civilian politics in Pakistan in the last few decades has been tarnished by corruption, inefficiency and confrontations between various institutions. Alternating periods of civilian and military rule have not helped to establish stability.

Benazir Bhutto : 

Benazir Bhutto Born in 1953 in the province of Sindh Educated at Harvard and Oxford Gained credibility from her father's high profile She has twice been prime minister of Pakistan 1988 to 1990 1993 to 1996

Benazir Bhutto : 

Benazir Bhutto Until an amnesty in October 2007, she faced corruption charges in at least five cases, all without a conviction Ms Bhutto has been negotiating a power-sharing deal with Gen Musharraf to enable her to return to Pakistan - and seek a third term as prime minister even though this would entail a constitutional amendment

Nawaz Sharif : 

Nawaz Sharif Before his dramatic overthrow in a military coup in 1999, Mr Sharif appeared to dominate the political landscape. When the army seized power, Mr Sharif was arrested, and eventually sentenced to life imprisonment on charges of hijacking and terrorism. http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=FRsupt215566

Issues - Leadership: 

Issues - Leadership Pakistan came under military rule again in October 1999 after the ousting of a civilian government which had lost a great deal of public support. The coup leader, General Musharraf, pledged to revive the country's fortunes, but faced economic challenges and law and order problems.

Leadership: 

Leadership General Pervez Musharraf seized power in a bloodless coup in 1999 which was widely condemned http://video.on.nytimes.com/?fr_story=7f18a4e25d70b293d2cb602c8d670571717ef842

Leadership: 

Leadership Gained foreign acceptance after he backed the US-led campaign against terror following the attacks on America on 11 September 2001

Leadership: 

Leadership In 2002 General Musharraf awarded himself another five years as president, together with the power to dismiss an elected parliament. The handover from military to civilian rule came with parliamentary elections in November 2002, and the appointment of a civilian prime minister.

Leadership: 

Leadership General Musharraf has retained his military role, reneging on a promise to give up his army post and to become a civilian president.

Leadership: 

Leadership In October 2007 he won the support of most parliamentarians in controversial presidential elections. However, the Supreme Court had earlier ruled that the winner could not be formally announced before it had ruled on whether General Musharraf was eligible to stand.

Slide41: 

World Economic Forum http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-79491949151126114&q=Pervez+Musharraf&total=451&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=9 Charlie Rose http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-3443077881361947856&q=Pervez+Musharraf&total=451&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=1