ak-47

Slide 1: 

Group Members Hilal Ahmad(07-0040), Taimur Khan Yusufzai(07-0036), Ghufran Ali(07-0002)

Brief info on the AK-47 : 

The AK-47 is a 7.62x39 mm assault Riffle first developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. First incarnation Of Kalashnikov assault riffles family was the AK-47, named to coincide with the year of its entry into active service (1947) It is officially known as Avtomat Kalashnikova (or simply 'AK'). It is also known as a Kalashnikov or Russian jargon Kalash. Brief info on the AK-47

Brief info on the AK-47 : 

AK47 Assault Rife, the most recognisable gun in the world and probably most infamous gun there has been. It is estimated that there are between 50 and 70 million of them spread across the world. All 7.62-mm Kalashnikov assault rifles are very dependable weapons. They produce a high volume of fire and are simple to maintain. Can fire 600 rounds per minute. Brief info on the AK-47

Different Models Of AK-47 : 

Different Models Of AK-47

RELIABILITY AND WIDE USE : 

The original AK-47 was one of the first true assault rifles. Even after six decades because of its durability, low production cost, and ease of use the model and its variants remain the most widely used and popular assault rifles in the world. It has been manufactured in many countries and has seen service with regular armed forces as well as irregular, revolutionary and terrorist organizations, worldwide. The AK-47 was the basis for developing many other types of individual and crew-served firearms. More AK-type rifles have been produced than all other assault rifles combined. RELIABILITY AND WIDE USE

RELIABILITY : 

The AK-47 became popular due to its many advantages ranging from design, size and mass production.  The design of AK47 is compact, light and easy to clean and maintain because it was originally designed for soldiers with gloves in cold winter to easily operate and repair.  The average life span of the AK47 ranges from 20 to 40 years depending on use and the weather conditions it has been exposed to. With reliability comes a cost of accuracy.  The AK47 was build for short range engagement in mass infantry fire. The iron sight on the AK47 is adjustable and the calibration is set a few hundred meters. RELIABILITY

Reliability : 

The main advantages of the Kalashnikov rifle are its simple design, fairly compact size and adaptation to mass production. It is inexpensive to manufacture, and easy to clean and maintain; its ruggedness and reliability are legendary. The construction of the AK magazine is very robust with reinforced feed lips that contribute to the reliable functioning for which the design is noted. Reliability

OPERATION : 

The AK-47 is a semi-automatic military assault rifle . It can be fired in single shot mode or can be set for automatic fire by the simple operation of a lever located near the trigger mechanism. In automatic mode, the AK-47 can be fired at a rate of 600 rounds per minute as long as the trigger remains depressed, although its magazine can only store 30 rounds, which will empty in a little over 3 seconds. OPERATION

Operation : 

To fire, the operator inserts a loaded magazine , moves the selector lever off of safety, pulls back and releases the charging handle , aims, and then pulls the trigger . In this setting, the firearm fires only once (semi-automatic), requiring the trigger to be released and depressed again for the next shot. With the selector in the middle position (full-automatic), the rifle continues to fire, automatically cycling fresh rounds into the chamber, until the magazine is exhausted or pressure is released from the trigger. As each bullet travels through the barrel, a portion of the gases expanding behind it is diverted into the gas tube above the barrel, where it impacts the gas piston . The piston, in turn, is driven backward, pushing the bolt carrier, which causes the bolt to move backwards, ejecting the spent round, and chambering a new round when the recoil spring pushes it back Operation

Ballistics : 

The standard AK-47 or AKM fires the 7.62x39mm cartridge with a muzzle velocity of (2,300 ft/s). Muzzle energy is 2,010 joules (1,480 ft·lbf). Projectile weight is normally 7.8 grams (120 gr). The AK-47 and AKM, with the 7.62×39mm cartridge, have a maximum effective range of around (1,300 ft). Ballistics

AK-47 IN COMPAIRISON WITH OTHER ASSAULT RIFFELS : 

It is also the firearm of choice for virtually every armed group operating from every continent on the globe. At least 82 countries currently list AK or AK-derived assault rifles assault rifles are the Heckler and Koch Other riffles G3 , FN assault these are listed as in use in approximately 50 and 65 of the world’s armies respectively within their state arsenals. This is followed by the US-produced M-16, currently listed as in service in up to 42 countries. AK-47 IN COMPAIRISON WITH OTHER ASSAULT RIFFELS

Proliferation of Kalashnikov production capacity : 

There is widespread and persistent misuse of conventional arms, especially small arms and light weapons, across the globe, resulting largely from the failure of governments to control their proliferation and use. Reports indicate that different models of the Kalashnikov rifle are produced in at least 14 countries, including Albania, Bulgaria, China, Germany, Egypt, Hungary, India, Iraq, North Korea, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Serbia , and most recently Venezuela Proliferation of Kalashnikov production capacity

Cultural Influences : 

The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China as well as the Western countries (especially the United States) supplied arms and technical knowledge to numerous countries and rebel forces in a global struggle between the Warsaw Pact nations and their allies against NATO and their allies called the Cold War . The NATO countries used rifles such as the relatively expensive M14 , FN FAL , and H&K G3 battle rifles and M16 assault rifle during this time, the low production and materials costs of the AK-47 meant that the Soviet Union could produce and supply its allies at a very low cost. Because of its low cost, it was also duplicated or used as the basis for many other rifles, such as the Israeli Galil , Chinese Type 56 , and Swiss SIG SG 550 . As a result, the Cold War saw the mass export of AK-47s by the Soviet Union and the PRC to their allies, such as the Nicaraguan Sandinistas , Viet Cong as well as Middle Eastern, Asian, and African revolutionaries. The United States also purchased the Type 56 from the PRC to give to the mujahedeen guerrillas during the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Cultural Influences

Cultural Influences : 

The proliferation of this weapon is reflected by more than just numbers. The AK is included in the flag of Mozambique and its coat of arms, an acknowledgment that the country's leaders gained power in large part through the effective use of their AK-47s. It is also found in the coat of arms of Zimbabwe and East Timor, the revolution era coat of arms of Burkina Faso , the flag of Hezbollah, and the logo of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps . Cultural Influences

Slide 15: 

‘People often ask me whether I feel guilty about human suffering that is caused by the attacks with AK-47. I tell them that I designed the gun to defend the Russian Motherland from its enemies. Of course I feel sad and frustrated when I see armed skirmishes with the use of my weapon also for conduct of predatory wars and for terrorist and criminal purposes. But it is not the designers who must ultimately take responsibility for where guns end up; it is governments who must control their production and export.’ 2 (General Kalashnikov, inventor of the AK-47 assault rifle)

Human casualties : 

AK-47 assault rifles have been used for unlawful killing, wounding, and Infliction of other types of suffering in very many countries, including countries as diverse as Afghanistan, Britain, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Iraq, Mexico, Sierra Leone, the USA, Venezuela, and Yemen. Losses in Africa Losses in West Losses in Afghanistan Losses in Iraq Losses in Day to Day Violence Human casualties

The future of the Kalashnikov : 

With the production of new models, including the new Russian AK-100 series, the demand for Kalashnikov rifles is likely to remain strong in the future, with many producers also now offering the weapon in NATO caliber for export markets. Evidence suggests that the Kalashnikov 7.62 x 39 mm caliber assault rifle will remain the dominant military assault rifle in many of parts of the world at least for the next two decades and probably longer. The future of the Kalashnikov

Conclusions and recommendations : 

The proliferation of, and ease of access to AK-47 and similar assault rifles around the world, more than any other small arm or light weapon, continues to result in mass suffering, with no end in sight. Military assault rifles are intended to be battlefield weapons; they are not designed to be used as normal instruments of law enforcement, nor are they weapons that should be allowed to end up in civilian hands. The danger of unlawful killing and injuries is clearly increased when gangs are wielding automatic and semi-automatic military specification firearms which can fire many rounds in rapid succession. Conclusions and recommendations

Recommendations : 

Adopt tough global standards on arms transfers. Control licensed production. Secure existing stockpiles. Address the demand for weapons. Recommendations

Slide 20: 

Thank you……………. Thank you…..