minerals and resources

Slide 1: 

Minerals and Resources

Introduction : 

Introduction We use different things in our daily life made from metal. We have studied that earth’s crust is made up of different minerals embedded in the rocks. Various metals are extracted from these minerals after proper refinement. Minerals are an indispensable part of our lives. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to a building or a big ship, all are made from minerals. the railways lines and the tarmac of the roads our implements and machinery ,cars ,trains , aero planes and even the food that we eat contains minerals. Humans in all stages of development have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, ceremonial rites.

What is a Mineral? : 

What is a Mineral? Geologists define minerals as a “homogenous naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.” Minerals are found in varied nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc. A particular mineral that will be formed from a certain combination of elements depends upon the physical and chemical conditions under which the materials forms. This in turn results in a wide range of colors, hardness, crystals forms, lustrous and density that a particular mineral posses. Geologists use these properties to classify the minerals.

Mode of Occurrence of Minerals : 

Mode of Occurrence of Minerals Minerals are usually found in “ores”. The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other elements. The mineral content of the ore must be in sufficient concentration to make its extraction commercially viable. The type of formation or structure in which they are found determines the relative ease with which mineral ores maybe mined. This also determines the cost of extraction. it is therefore important for us to understand the main types of formation in which mineral occur Minerals generally occur in these forms: In igneous and metamorphic rocks . In sedimentary rocks (in beds or layers) . Through decomposition of surface rocks and the removal of soluble constituents . Through alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills . Through deposits of ocean waters.

Classification of Minerals : 

Classification of Minerals Production of following minerals in INDIA will be shown in up coming slides.

Ferrous Minerals : 

Ferrous Minerals IRON ORE

Manganese : 

Manganese

Copper : 

Copper

Bauxite : 

Bauxite

Limestone : 

Limestone

Conservation of Minerals : 

Conservation of Minerals We all know that without minerals we live a comfortable life as we are living now. Mineral resources are finite and non-renewable. Rich mineral deposits are our country's extremely valuable but short lived possessions. Continued extraction of ores leads to increasing costs as mineral extraction comes from greater depths along with decrease in quality. A concentrated effort has to be made in order to use our mineral resources in a planned and sustainable manner Recycling of metals, using scrap metals and other mineral resources for future.

Energy Resources : 

Energy Resources Energy is required for many purposes .it is needed to cook, to provide light and heat to propel vehicles and to drive machinery industries. Energy resources can classified into two groups: CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURES OF ENERGY

Conventional Sources of Energy : 

Conventional Sources of Energy Those energy resources which can get depleted with continuous usage and cannot be renewed are included in conventional sources of energy. They cause harm to environment since burning these fuels releases harmful gases Some of them are : COAL PETROLEUM NATURAL GAS

Non-Conventional Sources of Energy : 

Non-Conventional Sources of Energy Those resources which do not get depleted with their usage and can renewed easily are included in non-conventional resources of energy .they don’t cause any kind of harm to environment. Some of them are given below: NUCLEAR OR ATOMIC ENERGY SOLAR ENERGY WIND POWER BIOGAS TIDAL ENERGY GEO THERMAL ENERGY

Conservation of Energy Resources : 

Conservation of Energy Resources Energy is a basic requirement for economic development . Every sector of the economy needs inputs of energy. As a result , consumption of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country India is presently one of the least energy efficient countries in the world. We have to adopt a countries approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. After all, “energy saved is energy produced”.

Slide 16: 

Thank You