bluetooth

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What is Bluetooth Technology :

What is Bluetooth Technology The short description: Bluetooth technology is a global short-range wireless standard that allows a broad range of electronic devices to connect and communicate with each other. Bluetooth technology is essentially a cable- replacement technology. From mobile phone and headsets to MP3 players, PCs and peripherals, Bluetooth technology allows these devices to connect.

HISTORY:

HISTORY The name “ Bluetooth ” and its logo are trademarked by the privately held trade association named the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). Founded in September 1998. Today, the Bluetooth SIG is responsible for encouraging and supporting research and development in Bluetooth technology.

ORIGIN:

ORIGIN The Bluetooth specification was developed in 1994 by Jaap Haartsen and Sven Mattisson , who were working for Ericsson in Lund , Sweden The SIG was formally announced on May 20, 1998. Today it has a membership of over 13,000 companies worldwide. It was established by Ericsson , IBM , Intel , Toshiba , Motorola and Nokia , and later joined by many other companies.

Why is It Called Bluetooth?:

Why is It Called Bluetooth? The word "Bluetooth" is taken from the 10th century Danish King Harald Bluetooth. King Bluetooth had been influential in uniting Scandinavian Europe during an era when the region was torn apart by wars and feuding clans. The founders of the Bluetooth SIG felt the name was fitting because: 1) Bluetooth technology was first developed in Scandinavia, and 2) Bluetooth technology is able to unite differing industries such as the cell phone, computing, and automotive markets. Bluetooth wireless technology simplifies and combines multiple forms of wireless communication into a single, secure, low-power, low-cost, globally available radio frequency.

Where Did the Logo Come From? :

Where Did the Logo Come From? A Scandinavian firm originally designed the logo at the time the SIG was formally introduced to the public. Keeping to the same origin as the Bluetooth name, the logo unites the Runic alphabetic characters "H", which looks similar to an asterisk(*), and a "B", which are the initials for Harald Bluetooth. If you look close enough you can see both embodied in the logo.

PURPOSE OF BLUETOOTH:

PURPOSE OF BLUETOOTH Today, electronics that connect to one another are found everywhere--in the office, home, car etc. keyboards connect to computers, MP3 players to headphones and so on. So, how do these devices connect to each other? Usually the answer is: with wires and cables. But, as you know, wires and cables always result in a tangled mess. Bluetooth wireless technology eliminates many of the wires that clutter our offices, homes, etc., while allowing our electronic devices of today and tomorrow to communicate with one another

How Electronics Devices connect? :

How Electronics Devices connect? With wires Without wires (BLUETOOTH)

How will messages or information be sent between the two devices?:

How will messages or information be sent between the two devices? Information can be sent one bit at a time in a scheme called serial communications . OR In groups of bits (usually 8 or 16 at a time) in a scheme called parallel communications.

How will devices in this “electronic conversation” know what the information (bits or groups of bits) means? How will they know if they received the same message that was sent? :

How will devices in this “electronic conversation” know what the information (bits or groups of bits) means? How will they know if they received the same message that was sent? PROTOCOL A protocol is a standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer between two electrical devices. Basically, a protocol is the "language" of devices. OR Set of rules

WHAT ARE THESE RULES?:

WHAT ARE THESE RULES? Detecting the presence of other devices. Establishing communications guidelines between two devices (AKA: Handshaking) Determining the various connection characteristics How to format a message How to start and end a message What to do with corrupted or incorrectly formatted messages How to recognize unexpected connection loss, and what to do next Ending the connection or “conversation

PROBLEMS IN PROTOCOL:

PROBLEMS IN PROTOCOL Some types of products have a standard protocol used by almost all companies. As a result, the commands for one product will have the same effect on another. However, there are other devices that use their own specific protocol, which means that commands intended for one specific device will seem foreign if received by another.

Bluetooth:

Bluetooth The goal of Bluetooth is to establish a worldwide, universal "language" for devices. Bluetooth uses a standardized wireless protocol for devices to communicate. Can be sure that the message received is the same as the message sent. Any two devices using compatible .

How Bluetooth Works :

How Bluetooth Works Bluetooth wireless technology operates on an open frequency within the 2.4 gigahertz band, which is the same as Wi-Fi. Bluetooth is able to share the same frequency band without experiencing any interference because it utilizes various key technologies. One of the ways Bluetooth avoids interference is through the use of low power signals (around one mill watt). Because their signal is so weak they can not do interference with high power equipments.

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Take into consideration that powerful cell phones use a signal of around three watts. Even though the signal is weaker, Bluetooth still offers a range of up to 30 feet (Newer versions can have a range over 100 feet). . The signal is also capable of passing through the walls in your home, making it useful for controlling several devices in different rooms. Data can be transferred at a rate of up to one Megabyte per second (Mbps) . Bluetooth uses low-power radio waves to reliably communicate.

Hopping:

Hopping Another way Bluetooth devices are able to avoid interference is through a technique known as spread-spectrum frequency hopping. By using the “hopping” method, a device will use one of 79 different, randomly chosen frequencies within an assigned range. It will change frequencies from one to another. Hopping method, change frequencies 1,600 times per second. The risk of a device like a cell phone interfering with Bluetooth devices is minimized, since any interference on a specific frequency will last for only a fraction of a second.

Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH). :

Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH). AFH allows Bluetooth devices to measure the quality of the wireless signal and then determine if there are bad channels present on specific frequencies due to interference from other wireless devices. If bad channels are present on a specific frequency, the Bluetooth device will adjust its hopping sequence to avoid them. As a result, the Bluetooth connection is stronger, faster, and more reliable.

How Bluetooth Works :

How Bluetooth Works Personal-Area Network (PAN) or Piconet Once the Bluetooth devices are all connected, a network is created. Bluetooth devices create a Personal-area Network (PAN), or commonly called a piconet Bluetooth piconets are designed to link up to eight different devices. Distinct piconets can operate in the same room at any given moment. In order to regulate communications one of the participating devices is assigned the role of "master" of the piconet , while all other units become "slaves"

Bluetooth Pairing :

Bluetooth Pairing Bluetooth pairing occurs when two Bluetooth devices agree to communicate with each other and establish a connection. In order to pair two Bluetooth wireless devices, a password ( passkey ) has to be exchanged between the two devices. If both Passkeys are the same, a trusted pair is formed. This will happen automatically.

Advantages:

Advantages Entertainment AUDIO CARS MOBILE COMPUTERS

Bluetooth Technology Over the Years :

Bluetooth Technology Over the Years 1998 - Bluetooth technology is officially introduced and the Bluetooth SIG is formed. Bluetooth technology's intended basic purpose is to be a wire replacement technology in order to rapidly transfer voice and data. 1999 - Bluetooth 1.0 Specification is introduced. 2003 - The Bluetooth SIG overhauls the Bluetooth Core Specification with the announcement of Version 2.1. 2004 - Bluetooth Version 2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) is introduced. 2005 - Devices using Version 2.0 + EDR begin to hit the market in late 2005. 2007 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 2.1 + EDR is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG. 2009 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 3.0 + HS (High Speed) is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG.

PRESENTED BY: :

PRESENTED BY: VINEET RAI ECE SEM-7 ROLL NO.-0728531054