computer_archi_2nd class

Basic computer Architecture :

Basic computer Architecture Presented by Fariha Tasmin Jaigirdar Lecturer Department of CS Stamford University

Five Basic Operations ::

Five Basic Operations : Inputting Storing Processing Outputting Controlling

Basic Organization of a computer system:

Input Unit Basic Organization of a computer system Secondary Storage Primary Storage Control Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit Output Unit Program & data Information (result) Storage Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU) Indicates flow of data Indicates Control of control Unit

Basic Organization of Computer System:

Basic Organization of Computer System

Functions of input unit:

Functions of input unit It accepts (or reads) the instructions and data from the outside world It converts these instructions and data in computer acceptable form (which is performed by input interfaces) It supplies the converted instructions and data to the computer system for further processing

Functions of output unit:

Functions of output unit It accepts the results produced by the computer in ,which are in coded form. It converts these coded results to human acceptable form It supplies the converted result to the outside world

Functions of storage unit:

Functions of storage unit The functions of storage unit are to hold (store): The data and instructions required for processing Intermediate results of processing Final results of processing

Types of storage:

Types of storage Primary storage (main memory): Very fast, the CPU can access it directly at a very fast speed Very expensive volatile Secondary storage Less expensive It can retain information even when he computer system is switched off.

Functions of ALU::

Functions of ALU: Arithmetic operations Logical operations Decision making

ALU operations list::

Arithmetic Operations Logical Operations + Add  ,  equal to, not equal to  Subtract >, > greater than, not greater than x Multiply <, < less than, not less than  Divide ,  greater than or equal to, not greater than or equal to ^ Raise by a power ,  less than or equal to, not less than or equal to ALU operations list:

Functions of Control Unit::

Functions of Control Unit: Determines the instruction to be executed Determines the operations to be performed Determines what data are needed and where they are stored Determines where results to be stored Causes the instruction to be executed

Functions of a typical CPU:

Functions of a typical CPU Begin Awaiting for execution of instruction Instruction Requiring Service? Fetch the instruction Execute the instruction Transfer control to interrupt handling program Yes No Store the result No yes