Summary Skills - Paraphrasing

Passage B: Nightmares : 

Passage B: Nightmares

Summary Question: What are the causes of nightmares? : 

Summary Question: What are the causes of nightmares?

Some nightmares can be caused by certain drugs or medications or by rapid withdrawal from them, or by physical conditions. : 

Some nightmares can be caused by certain drugs or medications or by rapid withdrawal from them, or by physical conditions.

Some nightmares can be caused by certain drugs or medications or by rapid withdrawal from them, or by physical conditions. : 

Some nightmares can be caused by certain drugs or medications or by rapid withdrawal from them, or by physical conditions.

Slide 5: 

Some: Several Caused by: result from Certain drugs: Some/particular drugs Withdrawal: abandonment/ refusal to take Physical conditions: Bodily illnesses

Several nightmares can result from particular drugs or from the sudden abandonment from them, or by bodily illnesses. : 

Several nightmares can result from particular drugs or from the sudden abandonment from them, or by bodily illnesses.

Slide 7: 

Some nightmares can be caused by certain drugs or medications or by rapid withdrawal from them, or by physical conditions. Several nightmares can result from particular drugs, the sudden abandonment from them, or by bodily illnesses.

The nightmares of early childhood likely reflect the struggle to learn to deal with normal childhood fears and problems. : 

The nightmares of early childhood likely reflect the struggle to learn to deal with normal childhood fears and problems.

The nightmares of early childhood likely reflect the struggle to learn to deal with normal childhood fears and problems. : 

The nightmares of early childhood likely reflect the struggle to learn to deal with normal childhood fears and problems.

Slide 10: 

Early childhood: young children likely: possibly reflect: show struggle: effort deal: handle normal: common fears: apprehensions problems: issues

The nightmares in young children possibly show their effort to handle common childhood apprehensions and issues. : 

The nightmares in young children possibly show their effort to handle common childhood apprehensions and issues.

Slide 12: 

The nightmares of early childhood likely reflect the struggle to learn to deal with normal childhood fears and problems. The nightmares in young children possibly show their effort to handle common childhood apprehensions and issues.

Many people experienced nightmares after they have suffered a traumatic event. : 

Many people experienced nightmares after they have suffered a traumatic event.

Many people experience nightmares after they have suffered a traumatic event. : 

Many people experience nightmares after they have suffered a traumatic event.

Slide 15: 

Many: A lot of experience: encounter suffered: been through / undergone traumatic: devastating / shocking event: incident / situation

A lot of people encounter nightmares after they have been through a devastating situation. : 

A lot of people encounter nightmares after they have been through a devastating situation.

Slide 17: 

Many people experience nightmares after they have suffered a traumatic event. A lot of people encounter nightmares after they have been through a devastating situation.

Other people experience nightmares when they are undergoing stress in their waking lives. : 

Other people experience nightmares when they are undergoing stress in their waking lives.

Other people experience nightmares when they are undergoing stress in their waking lives. : 

Other people experience nightmares when they are undergoing stress in their waking lives.

Slide 20: 

Experience: encounter undergoing: experiencing stress: trauma / pressure / anxiety waking lives: lives

Other people encounter nightmares when they are experiencing pressure in their lives. : 

Other people encounter nightmares when they are experiencing pressure in their lives.

Slide 22: 

Other people experience nightmares when they are undergoing stress in their waking lives. Other people encounter nightmares when they are experiencing pressure in their lives.

Finally, some people experience frequent nightmares that seem unrelated to their waking lives. : 

Finally, some people experience frequent nightmares that seem unrelated to their waking lives.

Slide 24: 

Finally: Lastly Some: several experience: encounter frequent: regular / constant seem: appear unrelated: unassociated / irrelevant waking lives: lives

Lastly, several people encounter constant nightmares that appear irrelevant to their lives. : 

Lastly, several people encounter constant nightmares that appear irrelevant to their lives.

Slide 26: 

Finally, some people experience frequent nightmares that seem unrelated to their waking lives. Lastly, several people encounter constant nightmares that appear irrelevant to their lives.

Slide 27: 

Several nightmares can result from particular drugs, the sudden abandonment from them, or by bodily illnesses. The nightmares in young children possibly show their effort to handle common childhood apprehensions and issues. A lot of people encounter nightmares after they have been through a devastating situation. Other people encounter nightmares when they are experiencing pressure in their lives. Lastly, several people encounter constant nightmares that appear irrelevant to their lives.

CONNECTORS!! : 

CONNECTORS!!

What are connectors? : 

What are connectors? Connectors: words that join 2 sentence of similar idea. and, but, or, nor, so, yet, because, although, while, if, as, since, therefore, however, otherwise, moreover, in addition, furthermore, in conclusion, thus, hence.. Example: My sister loves vegetables. I dislike them. My sister loves vegetables but i dislike them. My sister loves vegetables. However, i dislike them.

For summary...... : 

Conjunctions can help to connect 2 paraphrased sentences. However, it is not needed all the time. For summary......

Slide 31: 

Several nightmares can result from particular drugs, the sudden abandonment from them, or by bodily illnesses. However, nightmares in young children possibly show their effort to handle common childhood apprehensions and issues. X A lot of people encounter nightmares after they have been through a devastating situation. Also, people encounter nightmares when they are experiencing pressure in their lives. Lastly, several people encounter constant nightmares that appear irrelevant to their lives. 76 words.

Point to Take Home… : 

Point to Take Home… Rewrite sentences if necessary. But do NOT change its meaning.

The End! : 

The End!