Modules Three and Four Review

Premature babies are especially likely to gain weight if stimulated by: : 

Premature babies are especially likely to gain weight if stimulated by: A. sound and music. B. light and colors. C. touch and massage. D. movement and acceleration.

Concepts of maleness and femaleness that influence our perceptions are called gender: : 

Concepts of maleness and femaleness that influence our perceptions are called gender: A. norms. B. schemas. C. roles. D. complexes.

The expectations that men initiate dates and that women select wedding gifts best illustrate aspects of: : 

The expectations that men initiate dates and that women select wedding gifts best illustrate aspects of: A. sexual orientation. B. gender identity. C. behavior genetics. D. gender roles.

Adoptive parents are least likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children. : 

Adoptive parents are least likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children. A. personality traits B. religious beliefs C. political attitudes D. moral values

As Ellen ages, which of the following abilities will show improvement? : 

As Ellen ages, which of the following abilities will show improvement? A. recall of the states and their capitals B. mental rotation of a three-dimensional figure C. performance with a crossword puzzle D. solving new logic problems

Because he believes that worrying is a feminine trait, 14-year-old George has difficulty perceiving his own fears. His experience best illustrates dynamics highlighted by: : 

Because he believes that worrying is a feminine trait, 14-year-old George has difficulty perceiving his own fears. His experience best illustrates dynamics highlighted by: A. social learning theory. B. behavior genetics. C. gender schema theory. D. evolutionary psychology.

You and the President of the United States share __________ of your DNA.: 

You and the President of the United States share __________ of your DNA. A. very little B. one fourth C. half D. nearly all

If a culture emphasizes personal goals and individual achievements, it is mostly likely a(n) ________ culture.: 

If a culture emphasizes personal goals and individual achievements, it is mostly likely a(n) ________ culture. A. interdependent B. individualist C. collectivist D. naturalist

Little Bethany loves new faces and stimuli, and laughs easily. People respond to her with playful smiles and tickles, which makes her giggle and ask for more. This represents ___________ between genetic predispositions and environments.: 

Little Bethany loves new faces and stimuli, and laughs easily. People respond to her with playful smiles and tickles, which makes her giggle and ask for more. This represents ___________ between genetic predispositions and environments. A. an interaction B. natural selection C. heritability D. gender typing

Sugar and spice and everything nice, that’s what little girls are made of. . .This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect?: 

Sugar and spice and everything nice, that’s what little girls are made of. . . This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect? A. nature B. nurture C. both nature and nurture D. neither nature nor nurture

Jack is learning to understand algebra. He loves to discuss philosophical issues with his friends, and is exploring various religious beliefs. Jack is in Jean Piaget’s __________ stage. : 

Jack is learning to understand algebra. He loves to discuss philosophical issues with his friends, and is exploring various religious beliefs. Jack is in Jean Piaget’s __________ stage. A. preoperational B. sensorimotor C. formal operational D. concrete operational

You are what you eat. This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect?: 

You are what you eat. This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect? A. nature B. nurture C. both nature and nurture D. neither nature nor nurture

All men are created equal. This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect?: 

All men are created equal. This saying reflects perspectives about human beings. Which of the following perspectives does this saying reflect? A. nature B. nurture C. both nature and nurture D. neither nature nor nurture

The Head Start Program, founded in 1965, has become one of the major successes in education. Which of these conclusions can be drawn from this statement? : 

The Head Start Program, founded in 1965, has become one of the major successes in education. Which of these conclusions can be drawn from this statement? A. Good nutrition has only a minor impact on school performance. B. Preschool is essential for children to succeed in school later on. C. Intelligence is determined mostly by genetic background. D. The preschool environment plays a large role in intellectual development.

"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style. : 

"I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!" This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style. A. preconventional B. authoritative C. formal operational D. authoritarian

Which of the following is NOT among the most common criticisms of twin studies?: 

Which of the following is NOT among the most common criticisms of twin studies? A. Adoption agencies tend to place separated twins in similar homes. B. There are not enough available comparisons of fraternal and identical twins for this line of research to be convincing. C. After being reunited, many twins spend years getting acquainted before being tested by researchers. D. Twins look alike, evoking similar responses from the environment.

If weight were 50 percent heritable, it would be most accurate to say that: : 

If weight were 50 percent heritable , it would be most accurate to say that: A. your weight is equally influenced by nature and by nurture. B. your mother’s genes are responsible for half of your weight, and your father’s genes explain the other half. C. nature explains about half of the differences we observe among people. D. there is very little you can do to override the power of your genes in influencing your weight.

Cell differentiation begins when the prenatal organism is a(n): : 

Cell differentiation begins when the prenatal organism is a(n): A. zygote. B. fetus. C. embryo. D. single cell.

Infants' tendency to gaze longer at novel stimuli than at familiar ones provides compelling evidence regarding their: : 

Infants' tendency to gaze longer at novel stimuli than at familiar ones provides compelling evidence regarding their: A. self-concepts. B. egocentrism. C. stranger anxiety. D. memory capacities.

The tendency to exaggerate the impact of parents' child-rearing practices on children's personality development has been most characteristic of: : 

The tendency to exaggerate the impact of parents' child-rearing practices on children's personality development has been most characteristic of: A. behavior geneticists. B. Freudian psychologists. C. gender schema theorists. D. evolutionary psychologists.

Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are suddenly judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a: : 

Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are suddenly judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a: A. sense of object permanence. B. concept of conservation. C. capacity for habituation. D. secure attachment.

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of: : 

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of: A. conservation. B. assimilation. C. habituation. D. accommodation.

Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of: : 

Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of: A. secure attachment. B. object permanence. C. egocentrism. D. stranger anxiety.

According to Erik Erikson, the task of the adolescent is to:: 

According to Erik Erikson, the task of the adolescent is to: A. find intimacy. B. establish an identity. C. become autonomous. D. conquer their sense of inferiority.

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and frequently ignores her cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of: : 

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and frequently ignores her cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of: A. egocentrism. B. accommodation. C. insecure attachment. D. habituation.

Research on developmental stability and change indicates that: : 

Research on developmental stability and change indicates that: A. at the age of 1 or 2, adult personality traits are still largely unpredictable. B. development is almost completely dominated by discontinuity over time. C. temperament is a particularly unstable trait. D. none of the above are true.

People differ the most in their learning and memory abilities during: : 

People differ the most in their learning and memory abilities during: A. late adolescence. B. early adulthood. C. middle adulthood. D. later adulthood.

John’s two-year-old twins are constantly fighting over toys. This behavior is driving John crazy because the twins are hitting each other and pulling toys from each other. He decides to have a talk with them to explain that their behavior has to change. He tells each of them that the other one feels bad when being hit and that they should learn to share. : 

John’s two-year-old twins are constantly fighting over toys. This behavior is driving John crazy because the twins are hitting each other and pulling toys from each other. He decides to have a talk with them to explain that their behavior has to change. He tells each of them that the other one feels bad when being hit and that they should learn to share. Continued on next slide

To his dismay, the behavior continued as if he hadn’t done anything. According to Jean Piaget, why might this be happening?: 

To his dismay, the behavior continued as if he hadn’t done anything. According to Jean Piaget, why might this be happening? A. Two-year-olds are egocentric and cannot understand things from another’s point of view. B. His children are simply misbehaving and stronger punishment is required. C. During this age children are learning conservation and they are trying to get all the toys for themselves. D. Sibling rivalry cannot be controlled. It is just a phase. Continued from previous slide

Three-year-old Jack sees his sister Isabel put on their father’s big boots and walk around outside in the fresh snow. Isabel asks Jack, “When mommy comes home and sees the footprints, who will she think was walking around in the snow outside?” Jack will reply,: 

Three-year-old Jack sees his sister Isabel put on their father’s big boots and walk around outside in the fresh snow. Isabel asks Jack, “When mommy comes home and sees the footprints, who will she think was walking around in the snow outside?” Jack will reply, A. “Daddy!” B. “Mommy!” C. “Me!” D. “You!”

Your four-year-old child firmly believes in Santa and has no difficulty in accepting that he comes down the chimney with toys and goodies—despite the fact that your house has no fireplace or chimney. What would Jean Piaget say about this?: 

Your four-year-old child firmly believes in Santa and has no difficulty in accepting that he comes down the chimney with toys and goodies—despite the fact that your house has no fireplace or chimney. What would Jean Piaget say about this? A. Your child might need some extra help in distinguishing fantasy from reality. B. Your child is acting too young for her age. C. Your child is perfectly normal. D. Your child should be encouraged to reason things out.

Your nine-year-old child is fascinated with playing board and card games. He insists on reading all of the rules and following guidelines exactly. What characteristic of the concrete operational stage is he exhibiting?: 

Your nine-year-old child is fascinated with playing board and card games. He insists on reading all of the rules and following guidelines exactly. What characteristic of the concrete operational stage is he exhibiting? A. The child is exhibiting object permanence. B. The child is exhibiting conservation of mass. C. The child is exhibiting reversibility of thinking. D. The child is exhibiting the increase in logical thinking.