Slide1 : THE HISTORY OF AND ORIENTATION TO, THE FIRE SERVICE Georgia Basic Fire Fighter Training Course
Chapter 1
TERMINAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE : TERMINAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE Given the proper instructions the students shall describe the changes in the chain of command from earlier times and shall describe the chain of command in their department according to their SOP’S and SOG’S
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : ENABLING OBJECTIVES Describe changes in the fire department from the colonial days to the present
Discuss some of the major events in the past history of the fire service
ENABLING OBJECTIVES :
Define the chain of command as it applies to fire departments
Describe the roles of fire fighters within the fire department ENABLING OBJECTIVES
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : Describe the fire department’s regulations, policies, and standard operating procedures; and how they apply to the fire fighter ENABLING OBJECTIVES
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : List the different types of organizations that the fire departments may interact with.
Define the roles and responsibilities of Fire Fighter
ENABLING OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION : INTRODUCTION Training to become a fire fighter is challenging. The art and science of extinguishing fire is much more complex than most people imagine. You will be challenged-both physically and mentally-during this course. You must keep your body in excellent condition so you can complete your assignments and you must remain mentally alert to cope with the various conditions you will encounter.
FIRE SERVICE IN THE UNITED STATES : About 1.1 million fire fighters
Approximately 30,000 fire departments
75% of career fire fighters serve communities of 25,000 or larger
Half of volunteers serve rural areas of population 2,500 or smaller FIRE SERVICE IN THE UNITED STATES
FIRE SERVICE IN THE UNITED STATES : 401,000 residential fires in 2002
Average of 46 per hour
2,695 residential fire fatalities in 2002
Average of one every 195 minutes
80% of all fire deaths and injuries occur in residential occupancies. FIRE SERVICE IN THE UNITED STATES
HISTORY OF THE FIRE SERVICE : Romans created first fire department.
First paid department in the U.S. was Boston (established in 1679).
Ben Franklin started the first volunteer department in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1735.
Citizens kept fire buckets to assist with fire suppression. HISTORY OF THE FIRE SERVICE
THE GREAT CHICAGO FIRE : THE GREAT CHICAGO FIRE Began October 8, 1871
Burned for three days
Damage totals:
2,000 acres burned
17,000 homes destroyed
$200 million in damage
300 dead
90,000 homeless
FIRE EQUIPMENT : Colonial fire fighters had buckets.
Hand-powered pumpers developed in 1720
Steam-powered pumpers developed in 1829 FIRE EQUIPMENT
Fire Equipment (1 of 2) : Colonial fire fighters had buckets and fire hooks.
Hand-powered pumpers developed in 1720
Steam-powered pumpers developed in 1829 Fire Equipment (1 of 2) 1 Ford
Slide14 : La France
Slide15 : Dodge
FIRE EQUIPMENT : Present-day equipment:
Single apparatus used for several purposes
Fire hydrants developed in 1817
First public call boxes developed in 1860
FIRE EQUIPMENT
COMMUNICATIONS : Fire wardens and night watchmen used during colonial period
Present day:
Hardwired and cellular telephones
dispatch facilities Computer-aided COMMUNICATIONS
COMMUNICATIONS : Fireground communications
Early days: Chief’s trumpet (bugles), now a symbol of authority
Present: Two-way radios
Mobile data terminals COMMUNICATIONS
PAYING FOR FIRE SERVICE : In early times, insurance companies paid fire departments for service.
Career departments are generally funded through local tax funds.
Volunteer departments are funded by:
Donations
Tax dollars PAYING FOR FIRE SERVICE
Slide20 : In early times, insurance companies paid fire departments for service. The homeowner had this symbol displayed showing that homeowners had insurance. PAYING FOR FIRE SERVICE
ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRE SERVICE : Source of authority
Local governments
Sometimes from state and federal governments
Fire chief accountable to the governing body ORGANIZATION OF THE FIRE SERVICE
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION : Unity of command
Each fire fighter answers to only one supervisor
Establishes a direct route of responsibility
Span of control
Number of people one person can supervise effectively BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION : The organization of a typical fire department. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION
CHAIN OF COMMAND : Structure for managing the department and the fireground operations
Ranks may vary by department, but the concept is the same Chief of Department
Assistant Chief
Battalion Chief
Captain
Lieutenant
Firefighter CHAIN OF COMMAND
CHAIN OF COMMAND : Lieutenant
Responsible for a single company on a single shift
Captain
Responsible for company on his/her shift and for coordinating company’s activities with other shifts
Battalion chief
Coordinates activities of several companies in a defined geographic area CHAIN OF COMMAND
CHAIN OF COMMAND : Assistant or division chief
In charge of a functional area within the department
Chief of the department
Overall responsibility for administration and operations of the department CHAIN OF COMMAND
COMPANY : COMPANY A Company historically is the basic unit of a fire department. Companies may be composed of various combinations of people and equipment; in smaller departments, a company may fill many rolls.
COMPANY TYPES : COMPANY TYPES Engine
Secures water source, deploys
hand lines, conducts search-and-rescue operations, and puts water on the fire
COMPANY TYPES : Truck
Specializes in forcible entry, ventilation, roof operations, search-and-rescue operations above the fire, and deployment of ground ladders.
Rescue
Rescues victims from fires, confined spaces, trenches, and high-angle situations COMPANY TYPES
COMPANY TYPES : Wildland brush
Dispatched to wildland and brush fires that larger engines cannot reach
Hazardous materials
Responds to and controls scenes involving spilled or leaking hazardous materials
EMS
Respond to and assist in transporting victims to medical facilities COMPANY TYPES
GENERAL ROLES WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT : Fire fighter
Driver/operator
Company officer
Safety officer
Training officer Incident Commander
Fire marshal/ inspector/investigator
Fire and life safety education specialist GENERAL ROLES WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT
GENERAL ROLES WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT : 9-1-1 dispatcher/ telecommunicator
Apparatus maintenance personnel
Fire police Information Management
Public Information Officer GENERAL ROLES WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT
MISSION STATEMENT : MISSION STATEMENT The Georgia Fire Academy is committed and dedicated to develop and deliver training to Emergency Responders to safely serve our customers and protect property. We will be responsive to the needs of our customers by providing rapid professional, humanitarian services essential to the health, safety, and well being of the general public.
SPECIALIZED RESPONSE ROLES : SPECIALIZED RESPONSE ROLES Aircraft/crash rescue fire fighter
Hazardous materials technician
Technical rescue technician SCUBA dive rescue technician
EMS personnel
First-Responder
EMT-Intermediate
EMT-Paramedic
REGULATIONS, POLICIES, AND SOPs : SOPs:
Provide specific information on actions that should be taken to accomplish a task
Ensure that all members perform a task in the same manner
Provide a uniform way to deal with situations
May also be called standard operating guidelines (SOGs) REGULATIONS, POLICIES, AND SOPs
WORKING WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS : Fire departments need to interact with other organizations in the community.
Law enforcement
EMS
The military
Incident Management System (IMS)
Unified command system
Means to control multiple agencies at an incident WORKING WITH OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER : Don and doff personal protective equipment properly.
Hoist hand tools using appropriate ropes and knots.
Understand and correctly apply appropriate communication protocols.
Use SCBA. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER : Respond on apparatus to an emergency scene.
Force entry into a structure.
Exit a hazardous area safely as a team.
Set up ground ladders safely and correctly. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER : Attack a passenger vehicle fire, an exterior Class A fire, and an interior structure fire.
Conduct search and rescue in a structure.
Perform ventilation of an involved structure.
Overhaul a fire scene. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER : Conserve property with salvage tools and equipment.
Connect a fire department engine to a water supply.
Extinguish Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D fires.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER : Turn off utilities.
Perform fire safety surveys.
Clean and maintain equipment.
Present fire safety information to station visitors, community groups, or schools. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRE FIGHTER
FIRE FIGHTER GUIDELINES : FIRE FIGHTER GUIDELINES Be safe.
Follow orders.
Work as a team.
Think!
Follow the Golden Rule.
Treat each person, patient, or victim as an important person.
TERMINAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE : TERMINAL PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE Given the proper instructions the students shall describe the changes in the chain of command from earlier times and shall describe the chain of command in there department according to their SOP’S and SOG’S
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : ENABLING OBJECTIVES Describe changes in the fire department from the colonial days to the present
Discuss some of the major events in the past history of the fire service
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : ENABLING OBJECTIVES
Define the chain of command as it applies to fire departments
Describe the roles of fire fighters within the fire department
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : ENABLING OBJECTIVES Describe the fire department’s regulations, policies, and standard operating procedures, and how they apply to the fire fighter
ENABLING OBJECTIVES : ENABLING OBJECTIVES List the different types of organizations that the fire department may interact with.
Define the roles and responsibilities of Fire Fighter