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breast cancer overview

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Overview of Breast Cancer: 

Overview of Breast Cancer Dr. Rizwana Syed M.D. Ob Gyn

Breast Cancer Facts : 

Breast Cancer Facts 2 nd leading cause of death 2 nd most common cancer Incidence increases with age All women are at risk

How is the Breast Designed: 

How is the Breast Designed The breasts sit on the chest muscles that cover the ribs. Each breast is made of 15 to 20 lobes. Lobes contain many smaller lobules. Lobules contain groups of tiny glands that can produce milk. Milk flows from the lobules through thin tubes called ducts to the nipple. The nipple is in the center of a dark area of skin called the areola. Fat fills the spaces between the lobules and ducts .

Types of Breast Cancer: 

Types of Breast Cancer Ductal Carcinoma Originate in ducts that carry milk to nipples If cancer confined to duct = in situ (DCIS) Usually found on mammogram If moved beyond duct = invasive or infiltrating Lobular Carcinoma rare

What causes Breast cancer: 

What causes Breast cancer Breast cancer is always caused by a genetic abnormality (a “mistake” in the genetic material). However, only 5-10% of cancers are due to an abnormality inherited from your mother or father. About 90% of breast cancers are due to genetic abnormalities that happen as a result of the aging process and the “wear and tear” of life in general.

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: 

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Gender: female (1% males) Race: more common in whites Age: increases as a woman gets older . Relative : (mother or sister ) Menstrual history : early on set late menopause Childbirth: first child After the age of 30 or having no children at all Pregnancy and breastfeeding are protective against breast cancer

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: 

Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Obesity Diet: Fat Alcohol Lack of Physical Activity ; Stress Radiation Exposure History of cancer: breast, uterus, cervix, ovary Hormones: estrogens in Hormone replacement therapy & Birth control pills Genetics : certain conditions that are inheritated > 70% have no risk factors

Symptoms of Breast Cancer: 

Symptoms of Breast Cancer Early breast cancer may not have symptoms .

Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: 

Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Prevention Breast Cancer Risk Factors that can be controlled: 

Prevention Breast Cancer Risk Factors that can be controlled All women are at risk Obesity Exercise Breastfeeding Alcohol Hormone Replacement Therapy Not having children

Screening For Breast Cancer: 

Screening For Breast Cancer A Good Breast Health Plan Self Awareness (Monthly Self Exams) (BSE) Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) Mammograms

Screening : 

Screening Average-size lump found by woman practicing occasional breast self-exam (BSE) Average-size lump found by woman practicing regular breast self-exam (BSE) Average-size lump found by first mammogram Average-size lump found by getting regular mammograms riz

Breast Self Examination (BSE): 

Breast Self Examination (BSE) Opportunity for woman to become familiar with her breasts Monthly exam of the breasts and underarm area May discover any changes early Begin at age 20, continue monthly

When to do BSE : 

When to do BSE Menstruating women- 5 to 7 days after the beginning of their period Menopausal women - same date each month Pregnant women – same date each month Takes about 10 minutes Perform BSE at least once a month Examine all breast tissue

Why don’t more women practice BSE: 

Why don’t more women practice BSE Fear Embarrassment Youth Lack of knowledge Too busy, forgetfulness

Clinical Breast Examination: 

Clinical Breast Examination Performed by doctor or trained nurse practitioner Annually for women over 40yrs At least every 3 years for women between 20 and 40 yrs More frequent examination for high risk patients

Mammography : 

Mammography X-ray of the breast Has been shown to save lives in patients 50-69 Data mixed on usefulness for patients 40-49 Normal mammogram does not rule out possibility of cancer completely

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Women (asymptomatic) 40 years of age and older should have a MAMMOGRAM every year .

Treatment for Breast Cancer: 

Treatment for Breast Cancer Surgery Radiation Therapy Chemotherapy Hormonal Therapy

Surgery : 

Surgery Lumpectomy Modified Radical Mastectomy Radical Mastectomy (rare) Reconstruction

Breast Reconstruction: 

Breast Reconstruction Pre and Post Expander and Implant

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Pre and Post Tissue and Implants Combined

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Radiation Therapy Chemotherapy Hormonal Therapy As a adjunct to surgery depending on stage of cancer

Prognosis after Breast Cancer: 

Prognosis after Breast Cancer 5-Year Survival (%) 10-Year Survival (%) Stage 0 95 90 Stage I 85 70 Stage II 70 50 Stage III 55 30 Stage IV 5 2

Myths & Facts: 

Myths & Facts Touching the breasts too often will lead to cancer Talking about cancer causes cancer Using illegal drugs causes cancer Herbs cure breast cancer ( uña de gato /cat’s claw) A bruise on the breast will lead to breast cancer. If an incision is made during breast cancer surgery, the cancer will spread. Getting too many mammograms leads to breast cancer. Mammograms are only used to evaluate breast lumps.

Myths & Facts: 

Myths & Facts Breast cancer only affects older women If you have a risk factor for breast cancer, you're likely to get the disease Using antiperspirants causes breast cancer. A breast cancer diagnosis is an automatic death sentence. Breast cancer is preventable

PowerPoint Presentation: 

THANK YOU drrizwanasyed@hotmail.com