Nuclear Scintigraphy-By; Dr. Dhiren B. B

Nuclear Scintigraphy : 

Nuclear Scintigraphy PRESENTED BY DR. DHIREN B. BHOI M. V. Sc. VETERINARY GYNAECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCI. & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND

Definition : 

Definition Nuclear Scintigraphy a diagnostic test in which a two - dimensional picture of a body radiation source is obtained through use of radioisotopes or Pharmaceuticals. Radioisotopes- unstable nuclides undergo process of spontaneous decay to from stable nuclides by the process of radioactive decay, during this process of this decay there emission of radiation energy from the isotopes. Nuclear Scintigraphic imaging a highly sensitive advanced procedure in which radioisotopes used detect functional abnormalities of the body system.

Indications : 

Indications Used large & small animals, experimental studies, clinical cases. Detect functional disorders of kidney, liver, G.I. tract, lung, thyroid gland & many other organ Small & large animals, scanning of bone most widely investigated & applied in clinical practice. Diagnoses any inflammatory or pathological process of bone, occult lameness, brain lesions or neoplasm's. Useful to detect localized increase or decrease in bone turnover as result of trauma or disease. Study renal & cardiac function, lung ventilation & perfusion & ureter patency in small animals & horses. N.Sci. scans used to monitor progress of fracture healing ,diminishes & becomes more diffuse in older fractures.

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Veterinary Applications Pharmaceutical Research Disease Diagnosis & Treatment Radio-Immuno Assay for Animal Health & Production Nuclear Technology Teaching & Training Vet. Nucl. Med Research

Principle : 

Principle Two basic requirements of techniques A gamma ray emitting pharmaceutical that concentrates in the area of interest. A detector or gamma camera to provide information or image of the pharmaceuticals distribution. Pharmaceuticals which after entry into blood stream gets localized in a particular tissue or organ Before the injected is labelled with a radioisotopes, thus localization of the isotopes can be detected by using detector or camera due to emission of gamma rays from the area of interest. Gamma rays emitted by the radioisotopes from the patient & convert it to light flashes, the electrical impulse are shown on a oscilloscope or converted to an image. Image can be produced in colors of in grey scale, computer system is usually attached to the camera for gathering data & its display. A scan appears as image formed of dots.

Gamma Camera : 

Gamma Camera

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The most commonly used radioisotopes for imaging studies.

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Osteosarcoma occurrence ~ 80% of all malignant tumors, utilization of animals with spontaneous disease for higher species studies

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Whole body Scan

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99mTc(v)-DMSA in dog with Fibrosarcoma

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5yr M Vizsla with multiple malignant lymphoma. Mandibular, superficial cervical, superficial inguinal, poplitear lymphnodes and the spleen and liver.99mTc MIBI ; 470 MBq/2 ml ; 4 h PI.

Pulmonary & Thyroid Scintigraphy : 

Pulmonary & Thyroid Scintigraphy

Disadvantages of Scintigraphy : 

Disadvantages of Scintigraphy High cost of gamma camera Strict safely precaution required Non-specificity to the aetiology & Difficult interpret. eg. Skeletal system