most Important IX

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Slide 1: 

SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS

Slide 2: 

for wilson disease,

Slide 3: 

liver biopsy ( not ser cerulosplasmin )

SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS: 

for pry scl cholangitis SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS

Slide 5: 

is ERCP or Transhepatic cholangiogram ( not liver biopsy)

Slide 6: 

for hep B and C SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS

Slide 7: 

is liver biopsy.

Slide 8: 

uric acid levels are not useful. some people may have high level and no gout. uric acid level may be normal or low level during a gout episode

Slide 9: 

joint fluid analysis is used in making diagnosis of acute gout

SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS: 

inflammatory myopathy SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT TESTS

Slide 11: 

Ser cr kinase and aldolase (raised up to 50x) in suspected cases of inflammatory myopathy Confirm with muscle biopsy

Slide 12: 

For head injury.

Slide 13: 

Ct scan for head injury. No need for contrast cos blood does not enhance

Slide 14: 

in the first hrs following subarachnoid bleeding when ct is normal, the single most important test is

Slide 15: 

In the first hrs following subarachnoid bleeding when ct is normal, the single most important test is Lumbar puncture

Slide 16: 

beware of ser ferritin levels. a low level is specific for fe def but a high level may be seen in malig or inflammation

Slide 17: 

Initial test for MG =

Slide 18: 

= anti Ach receptor antibodies

Slide 19: 

best/ most accurate test

Slide 20: 

best/ most accurate test= EMG

Slide 21: 

the best test for determining renal artery stenosis

Slide 22: 

renal angiography

Slide 23: 

the best NON-INVASIVE test

Slide 24: 

the best NON-INVASIVE test is captopril renogram .

The best test for : 

for sarcoidosis The best test for

Slide 26: 

for sarcoidosis is biopsy ACE levels are elevated ( non-sp...may be used for ff up)

Slide 27: 

uveitis and conjustivitis seen in 25%

Slide 28: 

for PULM EMB,

Slide 29: 

Gold standard test for diagnosis is pulm angiog ( this is invasive so it is not the first test to be performed)

Slide 30: 

V/Q ratio is second best but the one we are more likely to perform first.

Slide 31: 

for primary syphilis is

Slide 32: 

Is dark field microscopy.

Slide 33: 

For achalasia best screening is

Slide 34: 

Best screening is barium swallow

Slide 35: 

Best Diagnostic Is

Slide 36: 

Best diagnostic is manometry

Slide 37: 

In osteomyelitis, when the X ray film is normal, the best test is

Slide 38: 

in osteomyelitis, when the X ray film is normal, the best test is MRI.

Slide 39: 

Most important in ingestion of corrosives

Slide 40: 

most important in ingestion of corrosives=upper endoscopy for determining extent of injury

Slide 41: 

( not x ray, barium studies etc )

Slide 42: 

Gold standard test for obstructive sleep apnoea =

Slide 43: 

for reinfarction within 1-2 weeks

Slide 44: 

Best Initial test for Ankylosing spondylitis is

Slide 45: 

Best Initial test for Ankylosing spondylitis is X-ray of the Sacro-iliac joint

Slide 46: 

HLA-B27 is NOT specific for diagnosis, it's just that if it is negative the diagnosis can be excluded

?: 

1. Ovarian tumor (eg. benign fibroma) 2. Ascites 3. Right sided effusions (e.g. pleural effusion) ?

Meig's Syndrome: 

Symptoms are most commonly seen shortly after menopause. Consists of chronic illness, chest pain, adn increased abdominal girth. Fluid moves from the abdomen to the thorax through small diaphragmatic defects or via lymphatics . Meig's Syndrome

Slide 49: 

***When suspected, an abdominal CT Scan and a pelvic exam should be performed. ***The removal of the ovarian tumor results in resolution of the effusion within 2-3 weeks

Slide 50: 

URTI LRTI GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Slide 51: 

-WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS

Slide 52: 

CONGENITAL -chorioretnitis -hydrocephalus -intracranial calcification

Slide 53: 

TOXOPLASMOSIS.

Slide 54: 

1. Jaundice 2. RUQ pain 3. Malaena ( GI bleeding )*

Slide 55: 

Hemobilia:

Slide 56: 

1. Jaundice 2. RUQ pain 3. fever

Slide 57: 

Charcot's triad (cholangitis)

CONGENITAL: 

deafness -heart defects -cataracts CONGENITAL

Slide 59: 

CONGENITAL RUBELLA

Slide 60: 

Pyrogenic infections Eczema Thrombocytopenia

Slide 61: 

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Slide 62: 

Distended Bladder Flaccid rectal sphincter Perineal saddle anethesia

Slide 63: 

Cauda equina syndrome surgical emergency- requires decompression

Slide 64: 

HTN Bradycardia Bradypnea

Slide 65: 

Increased ICP - HTN Bradycardia Bradypnea Cushing's triad

Slide 66: 

Petechiea in the upper part of the body Dyspnea Mental symptoms

Slide 67: 

Fat embolism = Bergman Triad