emerging challenges in medical education

EMERGING CHALLENGES IN MEDICAL EDUCATIONNEED FOR ELECTRONIC RESOURCES : 

EMERGING CHALLENGES IN MEDICAL EDUCATIONNEED FOR ELECTRONIC RESOURCES Dr.T.V.Rao MD 1 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Rapidly changing Medical Education System : 

Rapidly changing Medical Education System Indian medical education system has seen rapid growth in the last two decades. From a miniscule number, private medical colleges have grown to account for more than half of the 270 medical colleges in 2008 and consequently, India has the highest number of medical educators in the world. This unregulated unequal growth brings two issues to focus: the failing quality of medical education and implementing effective solutions to address an artificial faulty shortage due to doctor mal-distribution. 2 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Can the Seniors cope up with Demands ? : 

Can the Seniors cope up with Demands ? Increasing the retirement age of Medical teachers up to 70 years will harness hard earned medical experience of senior professors to guide preparation of efficient faculty and will reemploy retired teachers . This will also lead to discipline enforcement, more projects. Will it prove right ? as Medical Profession Watches 3 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Are we teaching right content for future Doctors : 

Are we teaching right content for future Doctors Dr.T.V.Rao MD 4

Today’s Challenges in Medical Education : 

Today’s Challenges in Medical Education Today’s medical educators are facing different challenges than their predecessors in teaching tomorrow’s physicians. In the past few decades, changes in health care delivery and advances in medicine have increased demands on academic faculty, resulting in less time for teaching than has previously been the case. 5 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Traditional Education Methods Need Change : 

Traditional Education Methods Need Change Traditionally, medical education had as its foundation a combination of didactic instruction in the classroom and integrated, hands-on "Socratic Method" learning in the clinical setting. Of late, there has been an increase in the use of problem-based learning discussions (PBLD's) in an effort to integrate basic science knowledge and clinical decision making with a goal of teaching critical decision making skills to upcoming physicians and other health care providers. 6 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

We are all familiar with Pedagogy? : 

We are all familiar with Pedagogy? The work of a teacher; the art and science of teaching; instructional methods and strategies. The linked processes of teaching and learning. Teaching; assisting students through interaction and activity in the ongoing academic and social events of the classroom. Pedagogy is the study of the methods and application of educational theory to create learning contexts and environments. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 7

Pros and Cons of Didactic Lectures : 

Pros and Cons of Didactic Lectures Traditional didactic lectures address the delivery of factual knowledge; however one can question both the effectiveness as well as efficiency of this mode of education. The traditional didactic lecture is more passive in nature and less effective as a teaching tool compared with active learning methods 8 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Teaching helps in Knowledge Transfer : 

Teaching helps in Knowledge Transfer Effective knowledge transfer is of paramount importance for the maintenance and advancement of our health care system. In any discipline, effective knowledge transfers consists of delivery of factual knowledge about the topic and exposure to tools and thinking processes required to make critical decisions about the information at hand. 9 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

All should accept the power of Computers : 

All should accept the power of Computers During the last decade processes in medical education have started to become enriched with electronic learning and other Computer Science features and tools. In the meantime, pervasive computing has been gradually integrated in all facets of everyday life including the education process. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 10

We are late to adopt New Technologies : 

We are late to adopt New Technologies The digital transformation of all industries is driven by technology and economics. Health care is “late” to the digital transformation of its information and work because it is more complex & complicated than other industries. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 11

Technology helps to improve effectiveness : 

Technology helps to improve effectiveness Simulation Ability to show processes in real time Safe environment Standards to determine fitness for practice Improvement in teamwork Exposure to rare events Dr.T.V.Rao MD 12

Internet Technologies : 

Internet Technologies E-learning is the use of Internet technologies to enhance knowledge and performance. E-learning technologies offer learners control over content, learning sequence, pace of learning, time, and often media, allowing them to tailor their experiences to meet their personal learning objectives. In diverse medical education contexts, e-learning appears to be at least as effective as traditional instructor-led methods such as lectures. 13 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Learners differ in Requirements : 

Learners differ in Requirements Different groups have different requirements: Learners: To learn Teachers: To support the learning Administrators: To support the administration of learning Technologists: To manage the e-learning technologies (performance, security, Dr.T.V.Rao MD 14

Resourcing : 

Resourcing Provision of effective e-learning is not cheap: Who pays? What's the rationale: long-term cost savings or enhanced quality of learning? Using / buying e-learning vs. developing e-learning Using in-house vs. selling to others Training staff Training users Deployment Issues

Challenges in Knowledge and Information : 

Challenges in Knowledge and Information In the current higher education climate change for three main reasons: the way we now view ‘knowledge’; the information society in which we are currently immersed; and the diverse background and experience of today’s student population. 16 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Teaching aids will change : 

Teaching aids will change Blackboard OHP TV/VHS LCD PC Whiteboard

Computers change the basis of Learning : 

Computers change the basis of Learning In course of time, many modalities and theories about learning have been elucidated with varying degrees of effectiveness. With an increasing prevalence of computers in and out of the classroom and the development of more sophisticated web-based tools, knowledge transfer is increasing going high-tech. 18 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

What is E-learning? : 

What is E-learning? The use of Internet technologies to deliver a broad array of solutions that enhance knowledge and performance Rosenberg, 2001 E-learning is Internet-enabled learning http://www.cisco.com 19 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Learn the art creating e-learning Material : 

Learn the art creating e-learning Material Creating e-learning material involves several components: once content is developed, it must be managed, delivered, and standardized. Content comprises all instructional material, which can range in complexity from discrete items to larger instructional modules Dr.T.V.Rao MD 20

E-learning : 

E-learning E-learning is mostly associated with activities involving computers and interactive networks simultaneously. The computer does not need to be the central element of the activity or provide learning content. However, the computer and the network must hold a significant involvement in the learning activity. 21 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Web-based learning : 

Web-based learning Web-based learning is associated with learning materials delivered in a Web browser, including when the materials are packaged on CD-ROM or other media. disk. 22 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Truth of e-learning : 

Truth of e-learning Internet has started reshaping education. Education will not be the same in the next decade There is no going back. The traditional classroom has to be transformed Web-based Education Commission, US Many universities/colleges may not survive by the end of this decade 23 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

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Chalk-and-board has long ruled the classrooms will not be eliminated Less emphasis Interactive Digital Content: more emphasis on demand learning interactive 24 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

The Faculty wishes a change to Multimedia Teaching : 

The Faculty wishes a change to Multimedia Teaching Faculty, administrators, and learners find that multimedia e-learning enhances both teaching and learning. These advantages can be categorized as targeting either learning delivery or learning enhancement 25 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Evolution of Education Technology : 

Evolution of Education Technology TIME IT 26 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Delivery mode will change : 

Delivery mode will change Lack of facilities and funding Increase in tuition fee Growing student population Privatisation of education Cost effective solutions (e.g. e-learning) More virtual universities BRICK CLICK

Building an e-learning culture : 

Building an e-learning culture Learner: Self-directed Self-motivated Self-regulating Lifelong learning Teacher: Develop knowledge & skills Understand learning and its need Facilitate learning Create learning opportunities Administrator: Create Learning environment Provide ICT infrastructure Resources for lifelong learning Building an E-learning Culture 28 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Creating e-learning : 

Creating e-learning Creating e-learning material involves several components: once content is developed, it must be managed, delivered, and standardized. 29 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Animations : 

Animations An animation is a simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames.A cartoon on television is one example of animation. Animation on computers is one of the chief ingredients of multimedia presentations. 30 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Animation Impresses the Students : 

Animation Impresses the Students Animations can be made with special techniques like Flash or with image applications like Photoshop and Fireworks and exported as animated GIF. 31 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Internet creates Resources : 

Internet creates Resources The growth of educational technologies and the Internet, the number of e-learning resources available to educators has dramatically increased. Within medical education, repositories or digital libraries have been established to manage access to e-learning materials. 32 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Thanks to Internet : 

Thanks to Internet Thanks to the growth of educational technologies and the Internet, the number of e-learning resources available to educators has dramatically increased. Within medical education, repositories or digital libraries have been established to manage access to e-learning materials Dr.T.V.Rao MD 33

Blended Teaching Universally Accepted : 

Blended Teaching Universally Accepted The evolutionary approach taken to blended teaching and learning through adopting experimental e teaching and e Learning techniques and technologies allows teaching staff to adapt to changes in the dynamic of a diverse student cohort. Optimizing developmental effort in the more successful areas enables the mix of techniques to be adaptive. 34 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Student interface - functions : 

Student interface - functions Teaching part teaching materials solved examples lists of questions glossaries auto tests List of tasks and projects assignments and evaluations Communication tools message board chat discussion forum Other tools notepad links download section 35 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Teacher interface - functions : 

Teacher interface - functions Creating study materials and sources for studies own study materials glossaries, lists of terms, solved problems exercises, summaries links, recommended sources, ... Creating tests online test with automatic evaluation offline printed test Communication tools Assignments of projects and tasks to students 36 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Analog Vs Digital Information Management : 

Dr.T.V.Rao MD Analog Vs Digital Information Management Analog Data in Atoms Information is idiosyncratic Organization very costly In one place at a time Moves at courier speed Weight in pounds & tons Analysis is extraordinarily difficult and expensive Knowledge is anecdotal and emotional Digital Data in Bits Information is standardized Organization Inexpensive In many places at a time Moves at light speed Weightless Analysis is fast and inexpensive Knowledge is quantifiable and verifiable 37

E-Learning not as simple as said by Many : 

E-Learning not as simple as said by Many E-Learning It is not a cup of web pages! It is a complex learning environment! We need a possibility professionally to create our learning materials. We need a professional LMS system, which is compliment with all e-learning relevant standards. We need a money and peoples! And lot of optimism  38 Dr.T.V.Rao MD

Acceptance : 

Acceptance Is your e-learning: An interest of a group of enthusiasts A pilot experiment for your department Part of your institution's overall strategy Small-scale usage: Can provide quick, effective solutions Danger of lack of sustainability if enthusiasts leave, priorities change, etc. Concept proven – but organisation selects alternative application for deployment Deployment Issues

Group Exercise : 

Group Exercise Based on what you have learnt so far you will now: Develop a plan for an e-Learning strategy for your organisation Work in small groups Selection of groups to report back on key issues Team work is the basis of success Exercise

Digitalization helps the Progress of Institutions : 

Digitalization helps the Progress of Institutions The purpose of science Predict the future to prepare for it and improve it Scientific method Preventive health care Prospective medicine Health risk assessments Human genome project and genomics Dr.T.V.Rao MD 41

Creation of Digital Data Benefits the Organization : 

Creation of Digital Data Benefits the Organization Safer patient care Better informed clinicians Better preventive care Better informed patients Better scheduled and organized care Less redundant or unnecessary care More efficient and effective use of resources Dr.T.V.Rao MD 42

E- learning – Potential area of Research trends for everyone : 

E- learning – Potential area of Research trends for everyone Numerous research opportunities exist in the relatively new field of e-learning. Faculty, administrators, and the public will demand that educators evaluate the impact of e-learning on the quality and efficiency of medical education. Extrapolating methods from other clinical and educational research Dr.T.V.Rao MD 43

Integrating E-Learning intoMedical Education : 

Integrating E-Learning intoMedical Education The integration of e-learning into existing medical curricula should be the result of a well-devised plan that begins with a needs assessment and concludes with the decision to use e-learning Dr.T.V.Rao MD 44

Contribute knowledge on www : 

Contribute knowledge on www There is evidence for the effectiveness and acceptance of e-learning within the medical education community, especially when combined with traditional teacher led activities in a blended-learning educational experience. Several digital repositories of e-learning materials exist, some with peer review, where instructors or developers can submit materials for widespread use or retrieve them for IT in Medical Education Academic Medicine, Dr.T.V.Rao MD 45

Get your e-teaching methods reviewed : 

Get your e-teaching methods reviewed The evaluation of e-learning should include a peer-review process and an assessment of outcomes such as learner satisfaction, content usability, and demonstration of learning. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 46

E-learning changes the future of Education : 

E-learning changes the future of Education The integration of e-learning into undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education will promote a shift toward adult learning in medical education, wherein educators no longer serve solely as distributors of content, but become facilitators of learning and assessors of competency. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 47

Seniors need Support and Encouragement : 

Seniors need Support and Encouragement Senior users need support and social encouragement to overcome stereotypes of computerspsila complexity and inappropriatene In transition to information society, a development of new methods of education, including e-learning, is emphasized, and equal access of all groups of society to information technologies is advocated. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 48

Students expect Newer Technologies : 

Students expect Newer Technologies Internet-savvy students are coming to Medical colleges with different expectations, different skills, and access to different resources.…Students are frustrated and increasingly dissatisfied by the digital disconnect they are experiencing at Medical colleges. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 49

Students wish Newer Technologies : 

Students wish Newer Technologies The single biggest problem facing education today is that our ‘Digital Immigrant’ instructors, who speak an outdated language (that of the pre-digital age), are struggling to teach a population that speaks an entirely new language. Dr.T.V.Rao MD 50

We should Adopt to Newer Demands : 

We should Adopt to Newer Demands Instruction is becoming more learner-centered, non-linear, and self-directed. There is a growing emphasis on academic accountability. Academic emphasis is shifting from course-completion to competency Dr.T.V.Rao MD 51

Our performance is for Review with More Eligible Faculty : 

Our performance is for Review with More Eligible Faculty Higher education as an investment opportunity. Increasingly viewed as poorly run, low in productivity, high in cost, and still not effectively using technology, the traditional higher education community is seen by the for-profit sector as the next health care industry Dr.T.V.Rao MD 52

E-learning helps young and old : 

E-learning helps young and old Dr.T.V.Rao MD 53

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Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD for awareness on e-learning Email doctortvrao@gmail.com Dr.T.V.Rao MD 54