Inherited Soilscapes of the Mediterranean

Slide2: 

GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF RURAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOMETRY, UNIV. OF ÇUKUROVA, TURKEY DEPARTMENTS OF IRRIGATION & SOIL SCIENCE UNIV. OF ÇUKUROVA, TURKEY MEDITERRANEAN AGRONOMIC INSTITUTE OF BARI, ITALY

Slide3: 

SOILSCAPE: pedons that are geographically related to relief features and soils ie package yielding geomorphic history of the landsurface. Soilscapes units are identified by mapping scales of 1/250.000, in terms of GIS, the concept of scale is reflected by geographic precision fullfilling mapping objectives. AGROSCAPE : the inherited soilscapes consisting soil bodies managed for particular crops such as olive and pistachio for the Southern Mediterranean Basin AN AGRO-ECOSYSTEM APPROACH for SLM with particular reference on soilscapes (WRB) of calcretes with Mediterranean RED and REDDISH BROWN SOILS ie Chromic Calcisols, Chromic Luvisols and Petric Calcisols of South and Southeastern Anatolia.

Slide4: 

Calcrete Agroscapes of Anatolia

Slide5: 

Calcrete Agroscapes - TH Bw

Slide6: 

The Kap Soil: A Petric Calcisol - widely distributed STU of Anatolia.

Slide7: 

A wide range of Calcrete use: The Tarsus case.

Slide8: 

Calcrete Agroscapes in North Cyprus

Slide9: 

Calcrete Agroscapes in North Cyprus

Slide10: 

KYRENIA FAMAGUSTA NICOSIA MEHMETÇİK

Slide11: 

BARI / CUKUROVA STUDY ON AGROSCAPE IRR. PRESERVE CALCRETE AGROSCAPES !!!

Slide12: 

ET Depth Depth Calcrete with H20 ET DON’T IRRIGATE !!! OLIVES OR PISTACHIO ON CALCRETES. IF CRUCIAL APPLY SUPPLEMENTARY IRRIGATION (MAY-JUNE?) . IRR =LAND / SOIL DEG AT AGROSCAPE DESTROYING FRAGILE POROUS AGG. Fragile Palygorskite Bundles in Aggregate Calcite Water Loss by ET in IRR. conditions Water loss By ET in nat. Water profile

Slide15: 

CONCLUSION TURKEY WITH HIGHLY DIVERSE AND UNDULATING TOPOGRAPHY RESULTED THE FORMATION OF COMPLEX STUs ie SUCH AS THE PRESENCE OF VERTISOL – LEPTOSOL – REGOSOL SMUs WITH SOIL MANAGEMENT TO BE PLANNED ACCORDING TO SOILSCAPES. AGROSCAPES ARE THE ANCIENT SOILSCAPES ALLOCATED FOR PARTICULAR CROPS SUCH AS THE OLIVE AND PISTACHIO. THE ADVANTAGE OF THESE AGROECOSYSTEMS IS THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY NATURE ie THEIR WATER USE EFFICIENCY WHICH PROTECTS THE WATER CYCLE IN THE SOIL ALONG WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF EROSION RESISTANT SURFACES. INTENSE IRRIGATION FOR CASH CROPS IS KNOWN TO DEGRADE QUALITY OF SOILS OF SEMI-ARID AGROSCAPES THUS, SHOULD BE PEERLY STUDIED TOGETHER WITH THE NATURE OF THE CALCRETE SOILSCAPE. FINALLY THE CONCEPT OF PRODUCTIVE SOILS SHOULD BE RECONSIDERED ACCORDING TO THE AGROECOLOGICAL ZONE CONCEPT ie AGROSCAPE CONCEPT, FOR SUSTAINABLE NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT.