logging in or signing up Intro to Sensation & Perception (11-12) dkirchner Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 111 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: December 06, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Targets: : Targets: Define sensation and perception. Explain absolute threshold and difference threshold. Determine the truth behind claims of subliminal messages. Sensation & Perception : Sensation & Perception How do we construct our representations of the external world? To represent the world, we must detect physical energy (a stimulus) from the environment and convert it into neural signals. This is a process called sensation. When we give meaning by selecting, organizing, and interpreting our sensations, the process is called perception. Sensation vs. Perception : Sensation vs. Perception Sensation = The experience of sensory stimulation Perception = The process of creating meaningful patterns from raw sensory information Psychophysics : Psychophysics The study of how physical energy relates to our psychological experience. Slide 5: Certain sensory stimuli fall outside of our threshold of awareness This helps us not be bombarded by our surroundings Imagine if we could sense… : Imagine if we could sense… Germs & bacteria on surfaces X-rays & radio waves in the air Ultraviolet & infrared light Colliding molecules Smells in the air Tastes on our mouths Sensory Thresholds : Sensory Thresholds Absolute threshold The minimum amount of energy that can be detected 50% of the time Detection : No Detection Intensity Absolute Threshold Detected Yes Yes No No Observer’s Response Tell when you (the observer) detect the light. Absolute Thresholds for the Average Person : Absolute Thresholds for the Average Person Minimum we can detect for each sense: Taste: 1 gram (.0356 ounce) of table salt in 500 liters (529 quarts) of water Smell: 1 drop of perfume diffused throughout a three-room apartment Touch: the wing of a bee falling on your cheek from a height of 1cm (.39 inch) Hearing: the tick of a watch from 6 meters (20 feet) in very quiet conditions Vision: a candle flame seen from 50km (30 miles) on a clear, dark night Sensory Thresholds : Sensory Thresholds Difference threshold The smallest change in stimulation that can be detected 50% of the time Also called the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) Difference Threshold : Difference Threshold Difference Threshold: Minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time, also called just noticeable difference (JND). Difference Threshold Tell when you (observer) detect a difference in the light. No Observer’s Response No Yes Absolute Threshold Activity : Absolute Threshold Activity Subliminal Threshold: : Subliminal Threshold: When energy of the stimulus is below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness. Kurt Scholz/ Superstock Questions that have been asked about Subliminal Messages : Questions that have been asked about Subliminal Messages Can we sense stimuli below our absolute thresholds? Can our behavior or thinking be affected by subliminal messages? Can subliminal messages persuade us? Subliminal Perception Sensation without perception? : Subliminal Perception Sensation without perception? Subliminal = stimuli that sensory system responds to, but due to short duration or subtle form, don’t reach threshold of cognition Quick Survey (talk to neighbors, then class) : Quick Survey (talk to neighbors, then class) Do you think you are influenced by subliminal messages in advertising? …You Decide : …You Decide Could 1/30th of a second really influence impressions of Al Gore? Don’t miss it! : Don’t miss it! We are not obedient to Subliminal Messages : We are not obedient to Subliminal Messages Research shows that the effect only occurs in controlled laboratory studies Research outside the laboratory shows no significant effect of subliminal information We don’t blindly obey! Placebo Effect with subliminal self-help tapes Slide 20: EAT POPCORN James Vicary’s Study : James Vicary’s Study New Jersey, 1957: Over 6 weeks, 45,699 people see subliminal ads “Eat Popcorn” – sales up 57.5% “Drink Coke” – sales up18.1% “Minds have been broken and entered” Except . . . : Except . . . In a 1962 interview, Vicary admitted that he had made the whole thing up! You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Intro to Sensation & Perception (11-12) dkirchner Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 111 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: December 06, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript Targets: : Targets: Define sensation and perception. Explain absolute threshold and difference threshold. Determine the truth behind claims of subliminal messages. Sensation & Perception : Sensation & Perception How do we construct our representations of the external world? To represent the world, we must detect physical energy (a stimulus) from the environment and convert it into neural signals. This is a process called sensation. When we give meaning by selecting, organizing, and interpreting our sensations, the process is called perception. Sensation vs. Perception : Sensation vs. Perception Sensation = The experience of sensory stimulation Perception = The process of creating meaningful patterns from raw sensory information Psychophysics : Psychophysics The study of how physical energy relates to our psychological experience. Slide 5: Certain sensory stimuli fall outside of our threshold of awareness This helps us not be bombarded by our surroundings Imagine if we could sense… : Imagine if we could sense… Germs & bacteria on surfaces X-rays & radio waves in the air Ultraviolet & infrared light Colliding molecules Smells in the air Tastes on our mouths Sensory Thresholds : Sensory Thresholds Absolute threshold The minimum amount of energy that can be detected 50% of the time Detection : No Detection Intensity Absolute Threshold Detected Yes Yes No No Observer’s Response Tell when you (the observer) detect the light. Absolute Thresholds for the Average Person : Absolute Thresholds for the Average Person Minimum we can detect for each sense: Taste: 1 gram (.0356 ounce) of table salt in 500 liters (529 quarts) of water Smell: 1 drop of perfume diffused throughout a three-room apartment Touch: the wing of a bee falling on your cheek from a height of 1cm (.39 inch) Hearing: the tick of a watch from 6 meters (20 feet) in very quiet conditions Vision: a candle flame seen from 50km (30 miles) on a clear, dark night Sensory Thresholds : Sensory Thresholds Difference threshold The smallest change in stimulation that can be detected 50% of the time Also called the Just Noticeable Difference (JND) Difference Threshold : Difference Threshold Difference Threshold: Minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time, also called just noticeable difference (JND). Difference Threshold Tell when you (observer) detect a difference in the light. No Observer’s Response No Yes Absolute Threshold Activity : Absolute Threshold Activity Subliminal Threshold: : Subliminal Threshold: When energy of the stimulus is below one’s absolute threshold for conscious awareness. Kurt Scholz/ Superstock Questions that have been asked about Subliminal Messages : Questions that have been asked about Subliminal Messages Can we sense stimuli below our absolute thresholds? Can our behavior or thinking be affected by subliminal messages? Can subliminal messages persuade us? Subliminal Perception Sensation without perception? : Subliminal Perception Sensation without perception? Subliminal = stimuli that sensory system responds to, but due to short duration or subtle form, don’t reach threshold of cognition Quick Survey (talk to neighbors, then class) : Quick Survey (talk to neighbors, then class) Do you think you are influenced by subliminal messages in advertising? …You Decide : …You Decide Could 1/30th of a second really influence impressions of Al Gore? Don’t miss it! : Don’t miss it! We are not obedient to Subliminal Messages : We are not obedient to Subliminal Messages Research shows that the effect only occurs in controlled laboratory studies Research outside the laboratory shows no significant effect of subliminal information We don’t blindly obey! Placebo Effect with subliminal self-help tapes Slide 20: EAT POPCORN James Vicary’s Study : James Vicary’s Study New Jersey, 1957: Over 6 weeks, 45,699 people see subliminal ads “Eat Popcorn” – sales up 57.5% “Drink Coke” – sales up18.1% “Minds have been broken and entered” Except . . . : Except . . . In a 1962 interview, Vicary admitted that he had made the whole thing up!