Walden Final EDUC 8848

Emerging and Future Technology : 

Emerging and Future Technology Dave Harms Walden University

Obsolete Technology : 

Obsolete Technology VTel Videoconferencing Unit

eTech Ohio Telecommunity : 

eTech Ohio Telecommunity IVDL Implemented 1999 Discontinued 2005 $95 million budget 2001/2002 School Year

Emerging Technology : 

Emerging Technology Skype is FREE!

McLuhan Tetrad for The eTech Ohio Telecommunity : 

McLuhan Tetrad for The eTech Ohio Telecommunity

McLuhan Tetrad for Skype : 

McLuhan Tetrad for Skype

Decision Maker Frank Aten : 

Decision Maker Frank Aten IT Supervisor at Penta Career Center Former position with NWOCA and knowledge of Penta’s technology implementation plan makes him the only candidate. Very familiar with eTech Ohio Telecommunity

Teacher- Mark Smith : 

Teacher- Mark Smith Participated in a teleconference with scholars in Russia . Participated in a teleconference with other classrooms for GIS. Social studies teacher at Penta Career Center.

Skype Student User Kristi Harms : 

Skype Student User Kristi Harms Graduated from Bowling Green State University Advanced Technological Education Completed entirely online Many of her courses utilized Skype as an instructional tool Required weekly class Skype meetings

Excerpt from Aten Interview : 

Excerpt from Aten Interview

Excerpt From Smith Interview : 

Excerpt From Smith Interview

Excerpt from Harms Interview : 

Excerpt from Harms Interview

Evolutionary Technology : 

Evolutionary Technology Thornburg (2009) explained that evolutionary theories suggest that technology grows exponentially and can be used to predict the future.

Evolutionary Technologies on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Evolutionary Technologies on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence The eTech Ohio telecommunity was able to emerge because of improved Internet connection capabilities through Asynchronous Transmission Mode (ATM) technology

Evolutionary Technologies on Obsolete Technology : 

Evolutionary Technologies on Obsolete Technology

Evolutionary Technology on Emerging Technology : 

Evolutionary Technology on Emerging Technology Increase in Internet speeds has allowed Skype to become a viable option. It is also free.

Rhymes of History : 

Rhymes of History Thornburg (2008c) describes rhymes of history as when a technology’s impact helps people rediscover something from the past.

Rhymes of History on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Rhymes of History on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence F. Aten (personal communication April 14, 2010) suggested that the emergence of the eTech Ohio Telecommunity was an attempt to “level the playing field (¶ 1).” This rhymed with Jefferson’s idea that every child deserved a free public education.

Rhymes of History on Obsolete Technology : 

Rhymes of History on Obsolete Technology Vtel and the eTech Telecommunity revisited distance learning from the past where people communicated with their teachers through the mail. More recently, students in the eighties learned through video recordings of experts such as Julius Sumner Miller (Park, 2010, p. 120).

Rhymes of History on Emerging Technology : 

Skype returns people to a person to person relationship reminiscent of apprenticeships in colonial times. Rhymes of History on Emerging Technology

Disruptive Technology : 

Disruptive Technology Thornburg (2009a) defined a disruptive technology as one that replaces another technology without advanced notice.

Disruptive Technology on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Disruptive Technology on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence The VTel disrupted conference calls for education in which students could hear people from other places but could not see them.

Disruptive Technology on Obsolete Technology : 

Disruptive Technology on Obsolete Technology

Disruptive Technology on Emerging Technology : 

Disruptive Technology on Emerging Technology Its is hard to distinguish if Skype will be displaced by a disruptive technology. One technology that has the potential to displace Skype is Cisco’s Telepresence 'On-Stage' Holographic Video Conferencing.

Science Fiction : 

Science Fiction Thornburg (2009b) explained that science fiction can instigate ideas that inspire inventions and become reality.

Science Fiction on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Science Fiction on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence Verne (as cited in Technovelgy.com, n.d. a) referenced the Phonotelephote which allowed visual and audio communications in 1889.

Science Fiction on Obsolete Technology : 

Science Fiction on Obsolete Technology Gernsback (as cited in Technovelgy.com, n.d. b) wrote about a telephot in 1911 where his main character was able to share a scientific experiment with a colleague by the telephot’s combination of a telephone and television.

Science Fiction on Emerging Technology : 

Science Fiction on Emerging Technology Roddenberry (wikia, n.d.) utilized a communication screen on the bridge of the Enterprise that allowed visual and audio communication. Skype allows this type of communication over the Internet.

Increasing Returns : 

Increasing Returns Thornburg (2009b) described increasing returns as when two technologies enter simultaneously and one technology is adopted and usurps the other; even if it is a superior technology

Increasing Returns on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Increasing Returns on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence Increasing Returns does not really work for the Vtel F. Aten (personal communication April 14, 2010) stated that VTel was the only viable option on the market, even though it was costly (¶ 10).

Increasing Returns on Obsolete Technology : 

Increasing Returns on Obsolete Technology VTel, which utilized superior ATM technology was usurped by Polycom which used cheaper TCP/IP technology.

Increasing Returns on Emerging Technology : 

Increasing Returns on Emerging Technology Increasing Returns does not really work for Skype as it appears to be the only option available since its inception unless you look at GoToMeeting (see red queen discussion).

Red Queens : 

Red Queens Thornburg (2008) defined a Red Queen as two technologies competing with each other to try and maintain market share (p. 12).

Red Queens on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence : 

Red Queens on Obsolete Technology’s Original Emergence Red Queens does not really work for the VTel Aten (2010) stated that VTel was “pretty much the only game in town for the price points that could be afforded (¶ 10).”

Red Queens on Obsolete Technology : 

Red Queens on Obsolete Technology Although Polycom emerged as an alternative, VTel and Polycom did not engage in red queen like activities.

Red Queens on Emerging Technology : 

Red Queens on Emerging Technology GoToMeeting and Skype are both competing for market shares and as a result, the consumers are winning (Skype is free).

Future of Skype : 

Future of Skype Skype allows free point to point long distance video calling. In the future, Skype may be replaced with Cisco’s Telepresence 'On-Stage' Holographic Video Conferencing.

Holographic Video Conferencing Tetrad : 

Holographic Video Conferencing Tetrad

Planning For The Future : 

Planning For The Future

References : 

References Dimensional Studios. (2008). Musion eyeliner: 3D holographic projection system. Retrieved from http://www.eyeliner3d.com/cisco_telepresence_holographic_video_conferencing.html   Distance-Educator.com (2001). Oregon public schools expand videoconferencing network with VTel products. Retrieved from: http://www.distance-educator.com/dnews/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=4469   Northwest Educational Consortium (2005). Digital bridges: connections for k-12 teaching & learning over distance. Retrieved from: http://www.netc.org/digitalbridges/   Ohio.gov. (n.d.a). eTech Ohio archived programs: Interactive video distance learning (IVDL). Retrieved from: http://www.etech.ohio.gov/archived-programs/interactive-video-distance-learning.dot   Ohio.gov (n.d. b). eTech Ohio archived programs: Telecommunity. Retrieved from: http://www.etech.ohio.gov/archived-programs/telecommunity.dot   Park, J. (2010). Editorial: Preparing teachers to use digital video in the science classroom. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 10(1), 119-123.   Schroeder, B. (2002). Interactive video/distance learning. Connected: The newsletter of the Miami valley educational computer association. MVECA: Yellow Springs, OH. Retrieved from: http://www.mveca.org/www/newsletters/MVECA%20Spring%202002%20Newsletter.pdf   Skype Limited (2010). About Skype. Retrieved from: http://about.skype.com/

References (Continued) : 

References (Continued) Technovelgy.com (n.d.a). Phonotelephote. Retrieved from http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/content.asp?Bnum=754   Technovelgy.com (n.d.b). Telephot. Retrieved from http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/content.asp?Bnum=982   Thornburg, D. D. (2008a). Emerging technologies and McLuhan's laws of media. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.   Thornburg, D. D. (2008b). Red Queens, butterflies, and strange attractors; Imperfect lenses into emergent technologies. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.   Thornburg, D. D. (2008c). Rhymes of history. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration.   Thornburg, D. D. (2009a). Disruptive Technologies. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.   Thornburg, D. D. (2009b). Increasing Returns. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.   Thornburg, D. D. (2009c). Science Fiction. Lake Barrington, IL: Thornburg Center for Space Exploration. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.   Wikia (n.d.). Viewscreen. Retrieved from http://memory-alpha.org/wiki/Viewscreen