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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS : ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS 1 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains : Food Chains A linear relationship demonstrating the flow of energy & organic matter in an ecosystem 2 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) All energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun : All energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun 3 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 4: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 4 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 5 Harmful energy components are “filtered” by Earth’s atmosphere and gravity The Ozone Layer : The Ozone Layer M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 6 September 1979: Ozone Levels : M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 7 September 1979: Ozone Levels August 2009: Ozone Levels http://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov/monthly/climatology_09.html The Ozone Layer : The Ozone Layer M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 8 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 9 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 10 Provides energy for Earth’s BIOSPHERE: the combined ecosystems (living parts) of our planet, the location of life The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 11 Majority of Sun’s energy reach our planet and interacts with the Earth’s physical components: Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 12 Drives our planet’s CLIMATE by controlling temperature, wind, and amounts of precipitation Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 13 The tendency of an object to reflect light, instead of absorbing it. Albedo is the percentage of light reflected by any object Slide 14: 14 LOW ALBEDO HIGH ALBEDO Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 15 Notice anything common about the locations of our planet with HIGH ALBEDO Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 16 HIGH ALBEDO Objects which are light coloured such as snow, sand, clouds, and areas without trees Reflect light, meaning they do not absorb light/heat. Slide 17: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 17 Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 18 LOW ALBEDO Objects which are dark coloured such as asphalt, dark soil, and forests. Absorb light, release infared radiation (heat) Bodies of water also absorb light Albedo Effect & Global Warming? : Albedo Effect & Global Warming? M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 19 Greenhouse Effect : Greenhouse Effect A natural layer of greenhouse gases insulate the earth They trap the heat released by the Earth Helps maintain a global temperature which maintains life 20 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Greenhouse Effect : Greenhouse Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 21 Greenhouse effect is NOT global warming ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS : ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS 22 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains : Food Chains A linear relationship demonstrating the flow of energy & organic matter in an ecosystem But the animal relationships are much more complex in ecosystems. 23 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains & Energy : Food Chains & Energy Arrows point in the direction of energy flow 1st organism is always the producer Primary Consumer: 2nd organism is the consumer that eats the producer Secondary Consumer: 3rd organism is the consumer that eats the 1st level consumer And so on.... Food Webs : Food Webs M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 25 In reality, ecosystems are very complex having many interweaving food chains which form a food web. Slide 26: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 26 Slide 27: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 27 Trophic Levels : Trophic Levels M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 28 Trophic level describes the position of the organism in relation to how it gets its nutrients & energy Literally means “feeding level” Organisms eating the same food would be at the same feeding level Slide 29: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 29 1st Trophic Level 2nd Trophic Level 3rd Trophic Level 4th Trophic Level Slide 30: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 30 Note how energy flows in one direction but how the matter all ends up in the detrivores and decomposers eventually. For this reason, decomposers and detrivores belong to all trophic levels except the first one. Thermodynamics : Thermodynamics M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 31 Thermodynamics is the study of energy and energy change Types of Energy? 1st Law of Thermodynamics: Energy is never created or destroyed, but only changes form. Thermodynamics : Thermodynamics M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 32 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: every time energy changes form, some energy is lost in the form of heat. This holds true for ecosystems (food chains/webs) Energy Loss in Ecosystems : Energy Loss in Ecosystems M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 33 Only about 10% of energy gets passed through each step of a food chain 90% of energy is lost at each step to carry out life process, lost as heat or through feces Energy Pyramid : Energy Pyramid M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 34 Energy pyramids illustrated how much energy is available at a given trophic level. Allows you to understand there are less consumers, as you move up a food web. Slide 35: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 35 Energy Pyramid : Energy Pyramid M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 36 Slide 37: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 37 Slide 38: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 38 Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 39 Provide information at the number of individuals at each trophic level in an ecosystem Are not always pyramid shaped Often depends on the sized of organisms involved Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 40 Typical pyramid for involving carnivores Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 41 Pyramid in which there is one large producer Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 42 A food chain involving parasites Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 43 Convey energy about the amount of “dry mass” or BIOMASS at each trophic level They always pyramid shaped. Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 44 Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 45 Why are pyramids of Biomass always pyramid shaped? You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Energy in Ecosystems (applied) dantescience Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 230 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (1) Added: July 08, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: pushpaja.n (9 month(s) ago) Please allow me to use a classroom teaching resource. Thanking yo for an interactive session ! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: pushpaja.n (9 month(s) ago) awesome presentation Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS : ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS 1 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains : Food Chains A linear relationship demonstrating the flow of energy & organic matter in an ecosystem 2 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) All energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun : All energy in an ecosystem comes from the sun 3 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 4: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 4 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 5 Harmful energy components are “filtered” by Earth’s atmosphere and gravity The Ozone Layer : The Ozone Layer M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 6 September 1979: Ozone Levels : M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 7 September 1979: Ozone Levels August 2009: Ozone Levels http://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov/monthly/climatology_09.html The Ozone Layer : The Ozone Layer M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 8 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 9 The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 10 Provides energy for Earth’s BIOSPHERE: the combined ecosystems (living parts) of our planet, the location of life The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 11 Majority of Sun’s energy reach our planet and interacts with the Earth’s physical components: Atmosphere Lithosphere Hydrosphere The Sun : The Sun M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 12 Drives our planet’s CLIMATE by controlling temperature, wind, and amounts of precipitation Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 13 The tendency of an object to reflect light, instead of absorbing it. Albedo is the percentage of light reflected by any object Slide 14: 14 LOW ALBEDO HIGH ALBEDO Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 15 Notice anything common about the locations of our planet with HIGH ALBEDO Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 16 HIGH ALBEDO Objects which are light coloured such as snow, sand, clouds, and areas without trees Reflect light, meaning they do not absorb light/heat. Slide 17: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 17 Albedo Effect : Albedo Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 18 LOW ALBEDO Objects which are dark coloured such as asphalt, dark soil, and forests. Absorb light, release infared radiation (heat) Bodies of water also absorb light Albedo Effect & Global Warming? : Albedo Effect & Global Warming? M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 19 Greenhouse Effect : Greenhouse Effect A natural layer of greenhouse gases insulate the earth They trap the heat released by the Earth Helps maintain a global temperature which maintains life 20 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Greenhouse Effect : Greenhouse Effect M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 21 Greenhouse effect is NOT global warming ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS : ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS 22 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains : Food Chains A linear relationship demonstrating the flow of energy & organic matter in an ecosystem But the animal relationships are much more complex in ecosystems. 23 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Food Chains & Energy : Food Chains & Energy Arrows point in the direction of energy flow 1st organism is always the producer Primary Consumer: 2nd organism is the consumer that eats the producer Secondary Consumer: 3rd organism is the consumer that eats the 1st level consumer And so on.... Food Webs : Food Webs M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 25 In reality, ecosystems are very complex having many interweaving food chains which form a food web. Slide 26: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 26 Slide 27: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 27 Trophic Levels : Trophic Levels M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 28 Trophic level describes the position of the organism in relation to how it gets its nutrients & energy Literally means “feeding level” Organisms eating the same food would be at the same feeding level Slide 29: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 29 1st Trophic Level 2nd Trophic Level 3rd Trophic Level 4th Trophic Level Slide 30: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 30 Note how energy flows in one direction but how the matter all ends up in the detrivores and decomposers eventually. For this reason, decomposers and detrivores belong to all trophic levels except the first one. Thermodynamics : Thermodynamics M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 31 Thermodynamics is the study of energy and energy change Types of Energy? 1st Law of Thermodynamics: Energy is never created or destroyed, but only changes form. Thermodynamics : Thermodynamics M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 32 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: every time energy changes form, some energy is lost in the form of heat. This holds true for ecosystems (food chains/webs) Energy Loss in Ecosystems : Energy Loss in Ecosystems M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 33 Only about 10% of energy gets passed through each step of a food chain 90% of energy is lost at each step to carry out life process, lost as heat or through feces Energy Pyramid : Energy Pyramid M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 34 Energy pyramids illustrated how much energy is available at a given trophic level. Allows you to understand there are less consumers, as you move up a food web. Slide 35: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 35 Energy Pyramid : Energy Pyramid M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 36 Slide 37: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 37 Slide 38: M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 38 Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 39 Provide information at the number of individuals at each trophic level in an ecosystem Are not always pyramid shaped Often depends on the sized of organisms involved Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 40 Typical pyramid for involving carnivores Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 41 Pyramid in which there is one large producer Pyramid of Numbers : Pyramid of Numbers M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 42 A food chain involving parasites Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 43 Convey energy about the amount of “dry mass” or BIOMASS at each trophic level They always pyramid shaped. Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 44 Pyramids of Biomass : Pyramids of Biomass M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 45 Why are pyramids of Biomass always pyramid shaped?