Cell Metabolism

Cell Metabolism : 

Cell Metabolism Cells need this energy for many things, not just to move.. 1. mechanical energy: like muscles, flagella, cillia, heart etc... 2. electrical work :ex. electric eel, nervous cells 3. active transport 4. biolumensence :ex. firefly, marine bacteria 5. heat :for any warm blooded animal for instance 6. anabolism: building large molecules for storage or structure

GLYCOLYSIS: : 

GLYCOLYSIS: In the cytoplasm, glucose ( a 6 carbon chain) is split into two equal pieces called PYRUVIC ACID. This releases 2 ATP molecules and is an anaerobic process.

CELLULAR RESPIRATION(aerobic respiration) : 

CELLULAR RESPIRATION(aerobic respiration) In the mitochondria, oxygen combines with pyruvic acid to produce 34 more ATP molecules, CO2 & hydrogen. The hydrogen further combines with O2 to produce water. This is an aerobic process. thus the total equation combined is glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water + energy

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: : 

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: during heavy physical activity, the cell cannot keep up with the energy needs. Glycolysis takes place but not respiration.

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: : 

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: The cell gets 2 ATP molecules of energy, but builds up Lactic acid. This is an anaerobic process and is called FERMENTATION.

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: : 

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: When the physical strain slows down, your body needs energy to process the lactic acid. This energy is supplied by cellular respiration, thus requiring additional oxygen.

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: : 

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION: The heavy breathing and high metabolic rate experienced after exercise is an example of oxygen debt.

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION : 

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION In simple cells like yeast or some bacteria, pyruvic acid is converted to alcohol instead of lactic acid. This only releases 2ATP/glucose...much energy is still stored in the alcohol molecule. glucose--->ethyl alcohol + carbon dioxide + 2ATP