logging in or signing up Models of Matter dantescience Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 399 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (2) Added: March 28, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript MODELS OF MATTER : MODELS OF MATTER 1 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) EARLY GREEK THEORIES : EARLY GREEK THEORIES 2 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Theories developed from 450 B.C. – 300 B.C. Theorized about what makes up world around them, but this was based on ideas only. No experiments! These theories would continue “unchanged” for 2000 years. 3 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Empedocles All matter is composed of four basic elements: fire, earth, air, and water Combine four elements to make up all substances (matter) around us. 4 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Democritus Proposes the “atomic model” Says matter can be broken down into particles called “atomos” Elements are made of different atom types 5 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Aristotle Highly respected philosopher Supported and modified the “four element” model This model would become accepted for approximately 2000 years. 6 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Alchemists : Alchemists M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 7 No major theory developments, over the next 2000 years Individuals who attempted experiments to attempt to turn cheap metals into valuable metals. Believed in the four element model, but did invent many of the scientific apparatus used by chemists later. BILLIARD BALL MODEL : BILLIARD BALL MODEL 8 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model Proposed by John Dalton in the 1800s Was studying the behavior of gases, some reacting while others did not. Found that gases always reacted in the same proportions, but why? 9 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model After studying ancient texts, finds the idea of “ATOMA” best explains his observations. Dalton’s answer is that all matter is made of tiny unbreakable particles called atoms, which he represents with symbols 10 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model All matter is made of unbreakable atoms. Atoms of an element are identical. Each element has different atoms. Atoms of different elements combine in constant ratios to form compounds. Atoms are rearranged in reactions. 11 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Symbolic Representation : Symbolic Representation Each atom is solid and indivisible. Each atom differs from each other by weight. 12 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 13: 13 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Problems? : Problems? 14 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) RAISIN BUN MODEL : RAISIN BUN MODEL 15 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model Theory by J.J. Thomson (1850) Explains the existence of negatively charged particles in the atom 16 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) What is a Cathode Ray? : What is a Cathode Ray? 17 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Thomson’s Experiments : Thomson’s Experiments 18 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model There are negatively charged electrons evenly distributed within the atom itself, while the rest of the sphere is positive. The overall atom is neutral, so the atoms 19 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 20: 20 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 21: 21 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model Explains the existence of electrical charges, but does not explain: The location of these charges (exact location of electrons) Does not explain radioactivity, so “neutrons” or a nucleus has not been theorized. 22 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) PLANETARY MODEL : PLANETARY MODEL 23 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ernest Rutherford : Ernest Rutherford In 1908, Rutherford set out to prove Thomson’s “Raisin Bun Model” of the atom. Sets up his famous Gold Leaf Experiment 24 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 25 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 26 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 27 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 28 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Rutherford’s Atomic Model : Rutherford’s Atomic Model Atoms are mainly empty space, with a very small positively charge center called the nucleus Outside of this center, there is a negatively charged electron cloud Rutherford does not discuss the neutron 29 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) James Chadwick : James Chadwick Discovers a large sized particle with no charge, realizes this is the neutron in 1932. The neutron is equal in size to a proton, but has no electrical charge The neutron is found 30 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 31: 31 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Models of Matter dantescience Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 399 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (2) Added: March 28, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript MODELS OF MATTER : MODELS OF MATTER 1 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) EARLY GREEK THEORIES : EARLY GREEK THEORIES 2 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Theories developed from 450 B.C. – 300 B.C. Theorized about what makes up world around them, but this was based on ideas only. No experiments! These theories would continue “unchanged” for 2000 years. 3 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Empedocles All matter is composed of four basic elements: fire, earth, air, and water Combine four elements to make up all substances (matter) around us. 4 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Democritus Proposes the “atomic model” Says matter can be broken down into particles called “atomos” Elements are made of different atom types 5 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Early Greek Theories : Early Greek Theories Aristotle Highly respected philosopher Supported and modified the “four element” model This model would become accepted for approximately 2000 years. 6 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Alchemists : Alchemists M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) 7 No major theory developments, over the next 2000 years Individuals who attempted experiments to attempt to turn cheap metals into valuable metals. Believed in the four element model, but did invent many of the scientific apparatus used by chemists later. BILLIARD BALL MODEL : BILLIARD BALL MODEL 8 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model Proposed by John Dalton in the 1800s Was studying the behavior of gases, some reacting while others did not. Found that gases always reacted in the same proportions, but why? 9 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model After studying ancient texts, finds the idea of “ATOMA” best explains his observations. Dalton’s answer is that all matter is made of tiny unbreakable particles called atoms, which he represents with symbols 10 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Billiard Ball Model : Billiard Ball Model All matter is made of unbreakable atoms. Atoms of an element are identical. Each element has different atoms. Atoms of different elements combine in constant ratios to form compounds. Atoms are rearranged in reactions. 11 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Symbolic Representation : Symbolic Representation Each atom is solid and indivisible. Each atom differs from each other by weight. 12 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 13: 13 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Problems? : Problems? 14 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) RAISIN BUN MODEL : RAISIN BUN MODEL 15 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model Theory by J.J. Thomson (1850) Explains the existence of negatively charged particles in the atom 16 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) What is a Cathode Ray? : What is a Cathode Ray? 17 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Thomson’s Experiments : Thomson’s Experiments 18 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model There are negatively charged electrons evenly distributed within the atom itself, while the rest of the sphere is positive. The overall atom is neutral, so the atoms 19 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 20: 20 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 21: 21 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Raisin Bun Model : Raisin Bun Model Explains the existence of electrical charges, but does not explain: The location of these charges (exact location of electrons) Does not explain radioactivity, so “neutrons” or a nucleus has not been theorized. 22 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) PLANETARY MODEL : PLANETARY MODEL 23 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ernest Rutherford : Ernest Rutherford In 1908, Rutherford set out to prove Thomson’s “Raisin Bun Model” of the atom. Sets up his famous Gold Leaf Experiment 24 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 25 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 26 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 27 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Gold Leaf Experiment : Gold Leaf Experiment 28 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Rutherford’s Atomic Model : Rutherford’s Atomic Model Atoms are mainly empty space, with a very small positively charge center called the nucleus Outside of this center, there is a negatively charged electron cloud Rutherford does not discuss the neutron 29 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) James Chadwick : James Chadwick Discovers a large sized particle with no charge, realizes this is the neutron in 1932. The neutron is equal in size to a proton, but has no electrical charge The neutron is found 30 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 31: 31 M. Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)