The Atom

THE ATOM : 

THE ATOM 1 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

Matter : 

Matter Matter is anything that has mass or takes up space If you where to break any substance (matter) down, the smallest parts remaining would be atoms 2 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

Matter : 

Matter Atoms are typically found within: Elements Made of 1 type of atom Compounds Made of 2 or more atoms which are bonded in fixed proportion 3 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Atoms are made of subatomic particles PROTONS & NEUTRONS Found in the nucleus Both have mass Protons carry a positive electrical charge Electrons Have negligible mass Carry a negative electrical charge Orbit the nucleus within electron shells NUCLEUS PROTONS NEUTRONS ELECTRONS Electron Shells 4 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Properties of Subatomic Particles 5 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

ATOMIC STRUCTURE 6 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

THE PERIODIC TABLE : 

THE PERIODIC TABLE A table which provides information about elements and their atomic structure The periodic table is organized into: Rows (periods) – going across Chemical Families (groups) – going down Metals & Non-Metals – separated by a chemical staircase Chemical Families/groups share similar chemical properties 7 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

Slide 8: 

8 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC NOTATION : 

ATOMIC NOTATION A “method” of presenting the information about an element found in the periodic table Symbol Mass Number Atomic Number Charge (if ion) 9 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC NOTATION : 

ATOMIC NOTATION Example 1: Hydrogen H 1 1 Atomic Mass = Atomic Number = 1 1 10 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

Atomic Notation : 

Atomic Notation Example 2: Oxygen O 16 8 Atomic Mass = Atomic Number = 16 8 11 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC NOTATION : 

ATOMIC NOTATION Example 3: Neon Ne 20 10 Atomic Mass = Atomic Number = 20 10 12 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC NOTATION : 

ATOMIC NOTATION Example 4: Chlorine Cl 35 17 Atomic Mass = Atomic Number = 35 17 13 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

ATOMIC STRUCTURE Periodic table provides detailed information about the elements Information provided details the atomic structure of a single atom including: The number of protons The number of electrons The number of neutrons 14 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE : 

ATOMIC STRUCTURE ATOMIC MASS = number of protons + neutrons Chemical Symbol ATOMIC NUMBER = number of protons 15 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

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Ex. 1) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in Oxygen? O ATOMIC NUMBER # of Protons = # of Electrons Oxygen has 8 protons Oxygen has 8 electrons ATOMIC MASS Protons + Neutrons = 16 8 protons + __ Neutrons = 16 ATOMIC STRUCTURE 8 16 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

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Ex. 2) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in Carbon? C ATOMIC NUMBER # of Protons = # of Electrons Carbon has 6 protons Carbon has 6 electrons ATOMIC MASS Protons + Neutrons = 12 __ Protons + __ Neutrons = 12 ATOMIC STRUCTURE 6 6 17 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

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Ex. 3) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in Sodium? Na ATOMIC NUMBER # of Protons = # of Electrons Sodium has 11 protons Sodium has 11 electrons ATOMIC MASS Protons + Neutrons = 23 __ Protons + __ Neutrons = 23 ATOMIC STRUCTURE 12 11 18 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)

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Ex. 4) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are found in Iron? Fe ATOMIC NUMBER # of Protons = # of Electrons Sodium has 26 protons Sodium has 26 electrons ATOMIC MASS Protons + Neutrons = 56 __ Protons + __ Neutrons = 56 ATOMIC STRUCTURE 30 26 19 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)