logging in or signing up Membrane Transport dantescience Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 600 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: November 30, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: enzo1971 (9 month(s) ago) good job! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: Reeba1990 (14 month(s) ago) good job :) Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Membrane Transport : Membrane Transport 1 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Membrane Transport : Membrane Transport The plasma membrane is the cell’s gatekeeper It is involved in the exchange (in/out) of the cells products, required substances, or wastes All transport can be classified as Passive Transport Active Transport Bulk Transport - Transport Requiring Vesicles 2 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport (No batteries required) 3 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport Passive Transport (definition) Cell does not require energy to move substances across the plasma membrane Passive transport is possible because of the plasma membranes actual structure 4 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport Types of Passive Transport: Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Directly Across the Membrane Through Proteins in the Mebrane 5 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Definition Movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration Movement is down a concentration gradient 6 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion – spread of a smell) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion – spread of a smell) 7 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(Diffusion - How Diffusion Works) : Simple Diffusion(Diffusion - How Diffusion Works) 8 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Explanation: Caused by Brownian motion (movement of particles because of the movement of their atoms) Continues until dynamic equilibrium is reached (particles move freely and are evenly distributed) 9 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion) 10 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion – barrier) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion – barrier) 11 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Substances move directly across the membrane until equally they are concentrated on both sides of the membrane (dynamic equilibrium) 12 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion 13 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Plasma membrane is selectively permeable Substances which can move across the membrane are: Hydrophobic (water fearing) Smaller in size 14 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Rates of diffusion depend on Temperature (hotter = faster) Concentration Gradient Particle Type 15 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis A special case of diffusion Osmosis (definition) Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane Water can pass through the cell membrane because they are very small 16 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Water moves across the membrane until water concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane Cell membranes are completely permeable to water making them very sensitive to environment changes in water concentration Different environmental conditions can be: Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic 17 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis 18 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Solvent A liquid dissolving a solute (solid, liquid, or gas) In Osmosis, solvent is water Solute Substance being dissolved In Osmosis, solutes are large molecules which can’t pass through the membrane 19 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions Isotonic solution has the same water (solute) concentration as the cell Fluid surrounding the body’s cell is isotonic 20 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions Cells in an isotonic solution, results in no NET exchange of water Note - water diffuses into and out of the cell at the same rate 21 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions 22 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions A hypotonic solution has a higher water (solvent) concentration than the cell Example – placing a cell in pure distilled water 23 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions Cells in a hypotonic solution, results in Net Water Movement INTO The Cell Note – water moves into the cell at a faster rate 24 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions 25 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions A hypertonic solution has a lower water (solvent) concentration than the cell Example – cell in a high salt-water solution 26 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions Net Water Movement OUT of The Cell Note – water moves out of the cell at a faster rate 27 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions 28 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 29: 29 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Turgor Pressure Pressure of the cells content against the cell wall, in plant cells Determined by the water content of the vacuole Results from osmotic pressure 30 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis 31 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis (osmosis – turgor pressure) : Osmosis (osmosis – turgor pressure) 32 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis(osmosis – in plants) : Osmosis(osmosis – in plants) 33 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Diffusion & Osmosis (diffusion – diffusion & osmosis) : Diffusion & Osmosis (diffusion – diffusion & osmosis) 34 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Not all substances can travel directly through the cell membrane because they are Hydrophilic (water loving) To Large Example Glucose (sugar) is a molecule to large to travel through the plasma membrane 35 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Definition Form of passive transport Proteins in plasma membrane provide an alternative route for substances to pass through the cellular membrane Types of integral membrane proteins Carrier Proteins Ion Channels 36 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Carrier Proteins Binds to a molecule (solutes) outside of the cell They than change shape, pulling the molecule inside to be released within the cell They only work with certain molecules 37 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Carrier Protein : Carrier Protein 38 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion – uniport (facilitated diffusion – carrier protein) : Facilitated Diffusion – uniport (facilitated diffusion – carrier protein) 39 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – symport) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – symport) 40 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – antiport) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – antiport) 41 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Ion Channels Do not bind to molecules (solutes) Are usually specific to a certain molecule May have a “gate” to close/open the channel 42 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ion Channel - Open : Ion Channel - Open 43 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ion Channel - Closed : Ion Channel - Closed 44 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel) 45 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel types) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel types) 46 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Review (passive transport – all types) : Review (passive transport – all types) 47 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport (batteries required) 48 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport Active Transport (definition) When the cell uses energy to move substances across the cell membrane Carrier proteins in membrane use energy (ATP) to move the substances Used when passive transport is not possible 49 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport 50 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport Functions: "Active Transport" "pumps" materials across the membrane against the concentration gradient. I.e. from low concentration to high concentration therefore requires energy 51 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – carrier molecule) : Active Transport(active transport – carrier molecule) 52 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – Sodium/Potassium ATPase) : Active Transport(active transport – Sodium/Potassium ATPase) 53 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – ATPase) : Active Transport(active transport – ATPase) 54 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – sodium/potassium exchange pump) : Active Transport(active transport – sodium/potassium exchange pump) 55 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – secondary active transport) : Active Transport(active transport – secondary active transport) 56 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Review : Review Passive Transport Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Carrier Proteins Membrane Transport 57 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Requiring Vesicles(BULK TRANSPORT) : Transport Requiring Vesicles(BULK TRANSPORT) (batteries required) 58 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Required Vesicles : Transport Required Vesicles Active/Passive Transport (already discussed) transports substances of smaller sizes To transport larger sized substances the cell utilizes Endocytosis – into cell Exocytosis - out of cell 59 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis Cell brings something inside by engulfing the object with its cellular membrane Substance is pulled into the cell and encased in a vesicle Requires Energy! 60 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis(endocytosis – amoeba feeding) : Endocytosis(endocytosis – amoeba feeding) 61 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Phagocytosis (cell eating) Cell engulfs a large object (bacteria, virus, dead cells, etc.) 62 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis (endocytosis – phagocytosis) : Endocytosis (endocytosis – phagocytosis) 63 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Pinocytosis (cell drinking) Cell engulfs a liquid or single molecules (protein) 64 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Receptor Mediated Endocytosis Involved with hormones 65 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis 66 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis (endocytosis – all forms) : Endocytosis (endocytosis – all forms) 67 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Exocytosis : Exocytosis Used by cell to transport substances out of the cell Requires energy 68 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Required Vesicles : Transport Required Vesicles 69 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Membrane Transport dantescience Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 600 Category: Entertainment License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: November 30, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: enzo1971 (9 month(s) ago) good job! Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: Reeba1990 (14 month(s) ago) good job :) Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Membrane Transport : Membrane Transport 1 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Membrane Transport : Membrane Transport The plasma membrane is the cell’s gatekeeper It is involved in the exchange (in/out) of the cells products, required substances, or wastes All transport can be classified as Passive Transport Active Transport Bulk Transport - Transport Requiring Vesicles 2 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport (No batteries required) 3 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport Passive Transport (definition) Cell does not require energy to move substances across the plasma membrane Passive transport is possible because of the plasma membranes actual structure 4 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Passive Transport : Passive Transport Types of Passive Transport: Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Directly Across the Membrane Through Proteins in the Mebrane 5 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Definition Movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration Movement is down a concentration gradient 6 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion – spread of a smell) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion – spread of a smell) 7 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(Diffusion - How Diffusion Works) : Simple Diffusion(Diffusion - How Diffusion Works) 8 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Explanation: Caused by Brownian motion (movement of particles because of the movement of their atoms) Continues until dynamic equilibrium is reached (particles move freely and are evenly distributed) 9 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion) 10 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion(diffusion – barrier) : Simple Diffusion(diffusion – barrier) 11 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Substances move directly across the membrane until equally they are concentrated on both sides of the membrane (dynamic equilibrium) 12 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion 13 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Plasma membrane is selectively permeable Substances which can move across the membrane are: Hydrophobic (water fearing) Smaller in size 14 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Simple Diffusion : Simple Diffusion Rates of diffusion depend on Temperature (hotter = faster) Concentration Gradient Particle Type 15 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis A special case of diffusion Osmosis (definition) Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane Water can pass through the cell membrane because they are very small 16 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Water moves across the membrane until water concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane Cell membranes are completely permeable to water making them very sensitive to environment changes in water concentration Different environmental conditions can be: Isotonic Hypertonic Hypotonic 17 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis 18 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Solvent A liquid dissolving a solute (solid, liquid, or gas) In Osmosis, solvent is water Solute Substance being dissolved In Osmosis, solutes are large molecules which can’t pass through the membrane 19 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions Isotonic solution has the same water (solute) concentration as the cell Fluid surrounding the body’s cell is isotonic 20 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions Cells in an isotonic solution, results in no NET exchange of water Note - water diffuses into and out of the cell at the same rate 21 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Isotonic Solutions : Isotonic Solutions 22 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions A hypotonic solution has a higher water (solvent) concentration than the cell Example – placing a cell in pure distilled water 23 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions Cells in a hypotonic solution, results in Net Water Movement INTO The Cell Note – water moves into the cell at a faster rate 24 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypotonic Solutions : Hypotonic Solutions 25 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions A hypertonic solution has a lower water (solvent) concentration than the cell Example – cell in a high salt-water solution 26 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions Net Water Movement OUT of The Cell Note – water moves out of the cell at a faster rate 27 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Hypertonic Solutions : Hypertonic Solutions 28 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Slide 29: 29 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis Turgor Pressure Pressure of the cells content against the cell wall, in plant cells Determined by the water content of the vacuole Results from osmotic pressure 30 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis : Osmosis 31 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis (osmosis – turgor pressure) : Osmosis (osmosis – turgor pressure) 32 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Osmosis(osmosis – in plants) : Osmosis(osmosis – in plants) 33 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Diffusion & Osmosis (diffusion – diffusion & osmosis) : Diffusion & Osmosis (diffusion – diffusion & osmosis) 34 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Not all substances can travel directly through the cell membrane because they are Hydrophilic (water loving) To Large Example Glucose (sugar) is a molecule to large to travel through the plasma membrane 35 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Definition Form of passive transport Proteins in plasma membrane provide an alternative route for substances to pass through the cellular membrane Types of integral membrane proteins Carrier Proteins Ion Channels 36 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Carrier Proteins Binds to a molecule (solutes) outside of the cell They than change shape, pulling the molecule inside to be released within the cell They only work with certain molecules 37 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Carrier Protein : Carrier Protein 38 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion – uniport (facilitated diffusion – carrier protein) : Facilitated Diffusion – uniport (facilitated diffusion – carrier protein) 39 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – symport) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – symport) 40 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – antiport) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – antiport) 41 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion : Facilitated Diffusion Ion Channels Do not bind to molecules (solutes) Are usually specific to a certain molecule May have a “gate” to close/open the channel 42 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ion Channel - Open : Ion Channel - Open 43 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Ion Channel - Closed : Ion Channel - Closed 44 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel) 45 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel types) : Facilitated Diffusion(facilitated diffusion – protein channel types) 46 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Review (passive transport – all types) : Review (passive transport – all types) 47 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport (batteries required) 48 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport Active Transport (definition) When the cell uses energy to move substances across the cell membrane Carrier proteins in membrane use energy (ATP) to move the substances Used when passive transport is not possible 49 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport 50 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport : Active Transport Functions: "Active Transport" "pumps" materials across the membrane against the concentration gradient. I.e. from low concentration to high concentration therefore requires energy 51 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – carrier molecule) : Active Transport(active transport – carrier molecule) 52 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – Sodium/Potassium ATPase) : Active Transport(active transport – Sodium/Potassium ATPase) 53 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – ATPase) : Active Transport(active transport – ATPase) 54 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – sodium/potassium exchange pump) : Active Transport(active transport – sodium/potassium exchange pump) 55 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Active Transport(active transport – secondary active transport) : Active Transport(active transport – secondary active transport) 56 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Review : Review Passive Transport Simple Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport Carrier Proteins Membrane Transport 57 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Requiring Vesicles(BULK TRANSPORT) : Transport Requiring Vesicles(BULK TRANSPORT) (batteries required) 58 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Required Vesicles : Transport Required Vesicles Active/Passive Transport (already discussed) transports substances of smaller sizes To transport larger sized substances the cell utilizes Endocytosis – into cell Exocytosis - out of cell 59 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis Cell brings something inside by engulfing the object with its cellular membrane Substance is pulled into the cell and encased in a vesicle Requires Energy! 60 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis(endocytosis – amoeba feeding) : Endocytosis(endocytosis – amoeba feeding) 61 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Phagocytosis (cell eating) Cell engulfs a large object (bacteria, virus, dead cells, etc.) 62 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis (endocytosis – phagocytosis) : Endocytosis (endocytosis – phagocytosis) 63 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Pinocytosis (cell drinking) Cell engulfs a liquid or single molecules (protein) 64 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis There are 3 types of Endocytosis Receptor Mediated Endocytosis Involved with hormones 65 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis : Endocytosis 66 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Endocytosis (endocytosis – all forms) : Endocytosis (endocytosis – all forms) 67 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Exocytosis : Exocytosis Used by cell to transport substances out of the cell Requires energy 68 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.) Transport Required Vesicles : Transport Required Vesicles 69 M.Bregar (Dante C.S.S.)