Slide 1:Work Site Forklift Safety


Slide 2:Work Place Objectives Become familiar with OSHA Subpart N 29 CFR 1910.178 Powered Industrial Trucks Learn fundamental safe work practices for the operation of powered industrial trucks Learn specific training and evaluation criteria


Slide 3:A powered industrial truck is defined as a mobile, power-driven vehicle used to carry push pull lift stack tier What is a Powered Industrial Truck? Norlift of Oregon, Inc.


General Requirements :General Requirements Compliance with ASME B56.1 (Formerly ANSI B56.1-1969) ASME B56.1-1993 is newest All nameplates and markings must be in place and legible. All modifications & additions which affect the safe operation & capacity must be approved by the mfr.


Slide 5:If using front-end attachments (other than the manufacturers’), the truck must be marked identifying the attachment listing the approximate combined weight of the truck and attachment at maximum elevation with a centered load


Overhead Guards :Overhead Guards Most vertical mast forklifts are equipped with FOPS Falling Object Protective Structure Norlift of Oregon, Inc


Overhead Guards :What does FOPS protect you from? “Stuff” falling from your load! small boxes containers bagged material drums Overhead Guards


Overhead Guards :What does FOPS not protect you from? really small stuff roll over weather the impact of a falling capacity load Overhead Guards


Slide 9:Other Design Features Must be large enough to extend over the operator under normal circumstances Guard openings must not be larger than six inches in one of the two dimensions Must not interfere with your visibility


Slide 10:A Load Back Rest must be provided when handling small objects or unbanded units Load Back Rest openings no wider than 6 in. must not obstruct your visibility must be able to prevent the load, or any part of the load, from falling toward the operator


Slide 11:The lift truck is based on the principle of two weights balanced on opposite sides of a pivot - fulcrum point Stability FULCRUM


Slide 12:For this principle to work, the load of the forks must be balanced by the weight of the lift truck. The properly loaded lift truck does not exceed the rated capacity of the truck listed on the data plate Stability


Slide 13:The center of gravity (CG) of any object is the single point about which the object is balanced in all directions. Every object has a CG When the lift truck picks up a load, the truck and load have a new combined CG. Stability


Slide 14:Stability The stability of the lift truck is determined by the location of its CG, or if the truck is loaded, the combined CG.


Slide 15:For the lift truck to be stable, the CG must stay within the stability triangle. Stability


Slide 16:If the CG moves forward of the drive axle, the truck will tip forward. Stability If the CG moves outside of the lines to the side, the lift truck will tip to the side.


Slide 17:What factors have caused trucks to tip forward? Stability


Slide 18:mast too high exceeding capacity heavy braking load placed forward of load center excessive forward tilt tire pressure traveling down an incline w/ load forward front end attachment driving off docks Stability


Slide 19:What factors have caused trucks to tip over on their side? Stability


Slide 20:load shifted to the side unequal tire pressure turning speeding unlevel terrain off-center loads mast too high with rear tilt Stability


Slide 21:The overall stability of the loaded truck is affected by a number of factors including: size weight shape position of the load Stability


Slide 22:Also: height to which the load is elevated the amount of forward or backward tilt tire pressure and the dynamic forces created when the truck is moving Stability


Slide 23:These dynamic forces are caused by: acceleration braking operating on uneven surfaces operating on an incline/ramp turning Stability


Slide 24:These factors must be considered when traveling with an unloaded truck because... Stability an unloaded truck will tip over to the side easier than a properly loaded truck.


Slide 25:What is load center? CENTER OF THE LOAD The distance from the heel of the forks to the center of the load is called the Load Center. 24” Stability


Slide 26:Load Center = 20” Capacity per data plate = 8050# SAFE Load Center = 24” Capacity per data plate = 7350# SAFE Load Center = 30” Capacity per data plate = 6550# UH OH! 7000” 7000” 7000” 40” 40” 40” 40” 40” 40” No Pallet 48” Pallet 60” Pallet


Slide 27:The capacity is shown on the data plate The capacity is listed in terms of weight and load center at a specified load height The operator must determine whether or not a load is within the capacity of the lift truck before the load is handled! Stability


Slide 28:Thompson & Johnson Equipment Co. Inc. The leading cause of death to forklift operators is overturn Seat Restraints


Slide 29:Buckle Up! Lean Forward! Hug The Steering Wheel Lean Away From Impact! Seat Restraints


Slide 30:Ensure the load does not exceed the forklift’s capacity. Ensure forks are positioned properly. Ensure the load is balanced and secure. Ensure bottom of the load is raised to the proper traveling height. Picking Up A Load


Slide 31:Drive as far into the load as possible. Slightly tilt back and lift. Before backing up, check behind and on both sides for pedestrians or other traffic. Back, stop, and lower load 2-6 inches from the floor. Picking Up A Load


Slide 32:The operator and pedestrians must communicate!No riders/passengers!Travel at walking speedAll traffic regulations must be met, including plant speed limitsMaintain at least 3 truck lengths Traveling With A Load


Slide 33:Be aware of the traveling surface and keep the load slightly off gradeAvoid sudden brakingTurn in a sweeping motionKeep the load slightly tilted backSound horn when approaching corners and blind areas Traveling With A Load


Slide 34:Lift and lower the load only when stopped Traveling With A Load Drive up and back down inclines and ramps


Slide 35:Completely stop before raising a loadNever walk, stand, or allow anyone to pass under a raised loadMove slowly after raising the loadTilt forward, level only when over a stack or rack Placing & Stacking A Load


Slide 36:Always stack the load square and straightMake sure forks have cleared the pallet when backing out and before turning or changing heightBefore backing up, check behind and on both sides for pedestrians or other traffic Placing & Stacking A Load


Slide 37:When handling off center loads - Be Cautious! Placing & Stacking A Load


Slide 38:Only loads within the rated capacity must be handledTrucks equipped with attachments must be operated as partially loaded trucks even when unloadedAvoid running over loose objects More Safe Operations


Slide 39:Under all travel conditions, the truck must be operated at a speed that will permit it to be brought to a stop in a safe manner No horseplay or stuntsIf the load is high obstructing forward view - drive in reverse More Safe Operations


Slide 40:Cross railroad tracks diagonallyNever park closer than eight feet from tracksRight of way must be given to emergency vehiclesKeep arms & legs from the mast and within the running lines of the truck More Safe Operations


Slide 41:Never drive up to someone standing next to a fixed objectPowered hand trucks must enter enclosed areas load end forward More Safe Operations


Slide 42:Never pass another truck traveling in the same direction at blind corners, intersections, or other dangerous areas More Safe Operations When truck is left unattended: lower forks neutralize controls shut off set brakes


Slide 43:Work platform equipped with fall protection and firmly secured to the carriage or forks Falling object protection Operator must attend lift truck while workers are on it and be in normal operating position when raising & lowering platform A guard must be provided between workers and mast Lifting People


Slide 44:Training OSHA revised the operator training rule on 12/01/98 OSHA adopted this rule by reference effective 5/26/99


Slide 45:Only trained and authorized operators shall be permitted to operate a powered industrial truck. Methods shall be devised to train operators in the safe operation of powered industrial trucks. The Old Rule: Before - After


Slide 46:Implementing a training program What the training must contain Periodic evaluation Retraining “Certification” of training Avoidance of duplicative training Information on stability The “New” Rule: Before - After


Training :Each powered industrial truck operator must be competent to operate a powered industrial truck safely. What is your definition of competent? Training


Slide 48:Trainees may operate a powered industrial truck only under the direct supervision of persons who have the knowledge training experience to train operators and evaluate their competence. Training


Slide 49:Operator training must consist of a combination of: 1. Formal 2. Practical 3. Evaluation of performance in the workplace Training


Slide 50:Retrain when: the operator has been observed to operate the vehicle in an unsafe manner the operator has been involved in an accident or near-miss incident the operator has received an evaluation that reveals he/she is not operating the truck safely Training


Slide 51:Retrain when: the operator is assigned to operate a different type of truck a condition in the workplace changes in a manner that could affect safe operation of the truck Training


Training :All operating instructions, warnings, and precautions Differences between the truck and the automobile Controls and instrumentation: where, what, & how Truck-Related Topics: Training


Training :Engine or motor operation Steering and maneuvering Visibility (restrictions) Fork and attachment adaptation, operation, and use limitations Training Truck-Related Topics:


Slide 54:Vehicle capacity (weight and load center) Vehicle stability (with and w/out load and attachments) Training Truck-Related Topics:


Slide 55:Vehicle inspection & maintenance the operator will be required to perform Refueling and/or charging and recharging batteries Any other operating instructions, warnings, or limitations listed in the operator’s manual Training Truck-Related Topics:


Slide 56:Surface conditions where the vehicle will be operated Composition of probable loads and load stability Load manipulation, stacking, and un-stacking The Halton Co. Workplace-Related Topics: Training


Slide 57:Pedestrian traffic in areas where the vehicle will be operated Narrow aisles and other restricted places Operating in hazardous (classified) locations Training Workplace-Related Topics:


Slide 58:Operating the vehicle in closed areas accumulating exhaust Operating the truck on ramps and other sloped surfaces Unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions Training Workplace-Related Topics:


Slide 59:If an operator has previously received training in a topic specified under the training program content criteria, and such training is appropriate to the truck and working conditions encountered, is additional training in that topic required if the operator has been evaluated and found competent to operate the truck safely? NO Training


Slide 60:An evaluation of the performance of each powered industrial truck operator must be conducted at least once every three years. Where? Why? How? Training


Slide 61:Observe/audit their performance while they’re working performing the duties they get paid for …like loading, stacking, fueling/charging, inspecting, pedestrians, parking/shutting down, maneuvering, horn, ramps, ALL traveling, using attachments, tiering, visibility, lifting, lowering, etc. Training


Slide 62:Follow this up with Q&A, quizzes, etc. May take an hour(s), all day, different times of the week You must evaluate all of their duties/tasks! Training This is basically a continuing demonstration of safety skill and knowledge.


Slide 63:And don’t overlook this requirement! An evaluation of the effectiveness of the training must also be done! When? Why? How? Training


Slide 64:What must be documented? 1. Name of the operator 2. Date(s) of the training 3. Date(s) of the evaluation 4. Name of the person(s) performing the training/evaluation Employers must “certify” that each operator has been trained and evaluated as required by this rule. Training


Slide 65:What safety instruction would you provide to the employees exposed to lift truck traffic? Training


Summary :Summary Thanks for participating!!! My Safety Training Online. Com