Technical Writing Part I

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Technical WritingPart I : 

Technical WritingPart I by Dr. Connie White, modified from Marilyn Tremaine’s Workshop 1

Publish Research Project : 

Publish Research Project Writing your research paper Midterm and Final Publish CEM Certified Very easy with this guideline 2

Layout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical Paper : 

Layout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical PaperLayout of Technical Paper Title Abstract Introduction Literature Review Methodology Results Limitations Conclusion Future Research References 3

Portion of Project due : 

Portion of Project due Midterm Final Title Abstract Introduction Literature Review References Methodology Results Limitations Conclusion Future Research References 4

Midterm Submission : 

Midterm Submission Title Abstract Introduction Literature Review or Background 5

Title : 

Title Use Keywords that Describe the Work Clever titles are great but don’t let them take away from the subject matter The Shorter the Better Remember Search Engines for Retrievability 6

Good Clever Titles : 

Good Clever Titles “Site-Seeing” in Disaster: An Examination of On-Line Social Convergence 7

Problem in Titles : 

Problem in Titles From Leveraging A Wiki for Emergency Preparedness and Response: The Perfect Storm  To Leveraging A Wiki To Enhance Virtual Collaboration In The Emergency Domain 8

An Abstract should briefly : 

An Abstract should briefly Establish the topic of the research State the research problem or main objective of paper Indicate the methods used Present the main research findings Present the paper’s conclusions Answer each with one to two sentences. Keep the word count under 150 words 9

Purpose of an Introduction : 

Purpose of an Introduction To situate the research in its research field To document why the research being presented is important To state the research problem the paper will solve To present the steps that will be taken to solve the problem 10

Introduction : 

Introduction Definitions of main research area if required should be at beginning of Intro Include Research Questions Should be ~1/10 of paper (1 page for your purposes) Last paragraph of Introduction should outline the remainder of the paper. 11

Literature Review - Seeking : 

Literature Review - Seeking MOST IMPORTANT Very Time Consuming Very Interesting Lays out the remainder of your paper Helps create your survey questions Must cite work! Reference work and use APA standards 12

Credible Literature Review : 

Credible Literature Review Consider the source No BLOGS except if the research is about Blogs No Wikis (no wikipedia) except if the research is about wikis. No News links – newspapers are not scientific publications! However, can be used for ‘reports’ and to show interests. Use Journals 13

Methods of Disaster Research : 

Methods of Disaster Research Selected Internet Resources on Natural Hazards and Disasters, pg. 389 14

Good Search Techniques : 

Good Search Techniques Use Google or Google Scholar http://scholar.google.com/ Use JSU Digital Library Use keywords that specifically describe your area/topic Change out keywords, use synonyms If too few come back, use abstract or fewer words to increase retrieved list 15

Literature Review - Reviewing : 

Literature Review - Reviewing Read Abstracts Download or View Read Introduction and if relevant, download and attach where you post the list in your forum When you come across something that relates to your research, highlight it 16

Literature Review - Writing : 

Literature Review - Writing A paper is read and relevant information is highlighted 5 to 10 papers Create a doc called ‘Research Notes’ Write the title of each paper and then type or paste every highlighted part from the article that you found of interest. Each highlighted part is it’s own paragraph – put page number too if you plan to use as a direct quote Do this for every paper 17

Research Notes Doc : 

Research Notes Doc Author 1 Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Author 2 Segment 1 Segment 2 …. Segment Author 3 Segment 1 Segment 2 …. 18

Slide 19: 

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Literature Review - Organizing : 

Literature Review - Organizing Print out your Research Notes once all papers are reviewed Start reading it Try to use a few keywords to describe each segment (each separate from one another) Difficult at first, but pattern will merge Some things may fit your needs for the Introduction (definitions and such) 20

Research Notes Doc : 

Research Notes Doc Author 1 Segment 1 Topic Group 3 Segment 2 Topic Group 1 Segment 3 Topic Group 2 Author 2 Segment 1 Topic Group 2 Segment 2 Introduction …. Topic Group 1 Segment Author 3 Segment 1 Topic Group 3 Segment 2 Topic Group 1 …. Topic Group 21

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Literature Review tips : 

Literature Review tips These Topic Groups will be your Section Titles for Your Literature Review Now Some information may be in Introduction Some information may be in Conclusion 23

Literature Review - Grouping : 

Literature Review - Grouping Once pattern evolves – group your segments by keyword/topic descriptions If some parts don’t fit, place them under their own brief descriptive set of words Make sure to put some note before every segment indicating the author (reference) 24

Research Notes Doc : 

Research Notes Doc Topic Group 1 Segment 2 from Author 1 Segment 3 from Author 2 Segment 2 from Author 3 Topic Group 2 Segment 3 from Author 1 Segment 1 from Author 2 Topic Group 3 Segment 1 from Author 1 Segment 1 from Author 3 Segment 3 from Author 3 Segment 6 from Author 6 Segment 4,5,6 from Author 7 25

Literature Review - Flow : 

Literature Review - Flow Print out your new Research Notes doc with all segments placed into Groups Read each Group placing each segment into some logical sequence A natural flow will evolve where you will identify segments that should be at the beginning of the Group and you will see things that clearly should be at the end. Some things will go together – this is where you’ll have one statement with multiple references behind it. 26

Literature Review – Sequences : 

Literature Review – Sequences Topic Group 3 Segment 1 from Author 1 last part Segment 1 from Author 3 middle Segment 3 from Author 3 first part Segment 6 from Author 6 first part Segment 4 from Author 7 goes before last part Segment 5 from Author 7 first part Segment 6 from Author 7 middle 27

Literature Review - Order : 

Literature Review - Order Topic Group 3 Segment 3 from Author 3 first part Segment 6 from Author 6 first part Segment 5 from Author 7 first part Segment 6 from Author 7 middle Segment 1 from Author 3 middle Segment 4 from Author 7 goes before last part Segment 1 from Author 1 last part 28

Literature Review – Write It : 

Literature Review – Write It Make sure to take a break between the last step and this step – mulling over while you sleep is best as the information needs to digest mentally. Write up each Group using your own words as much as possible. Write what you have in your Segments and list the reference afterwards (White, 2010) 29

Literature Review – written up : 

Literature Review – written up Your Topic is now a subtitle in your paper and this section is done. Now, once all of your Topic Groups are written, you should see some logical sequence in which they should be ordered or grouped. Also, the Topic Groups may have some presented First (definitions) and some may be presented Last because they are a good end. 30

Literature Review - Referencing : 

Literature Review - Referencing Quote only very important information (definitions too) When you quote, reference must include the page number (White, 2010, p. 3) Do not quote too much!!! Don’t use the same word repeatedly Use the Thesaurus under Review in Word Literature Review should be ~2 pages. 31

Reference : 

Reference Reference anywhere you put other’s information. Any ‘statement’ where you make any sort of argument must be backed with a reference. Your opinions are not part if the research. Format your references correctly both in the paper and at the end. 32

Reference List : 

Reference List 33

Referencing Definitions : 

Referencing Definitions As defined by Wenger, et al (2002), “Communities of practice are groups of people who share a concern, a set of problems, or a passion about a topic, and who deepen their knowledge and expertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing basis. 34

Reference - Single : 

Reference - Single There are many reasons for this such as to build trust, to be familiar with functionalities so that they come naturally during stressful times, and to build a knowledge base that can be organized and utilized later (Turoff, et al, 2004). 35

Ways to Reference : 

Ways to Reference One or two authors, always list names (White and Plotnick, 2010) First time a paper is referenced, list all authors (White, Plotnick, Hiltz and Turoff, 2009) after that, (White, et al., 2009) If a link is used as a referenced, its retrieval date must be listed in the references Wolf, P. 911-ICE Brings Web2.0 to Mobile Emergency Dialing. Skype Journal. (retrieved Sept. 9, 2008 http://skypejournal.com/2008/09/911-ice-brings-web20-to-mobile.html) 36

Referencing - Multiple : 

Referencing - Multiple Online computer mediated communications (CMC) present a platform conducive for decision making as more individuals have accessibility and therefore can contribute, leading to more ideas and creating a group intelligence as a direct result of this collaborative effort (Hiltz and Turoff, 1978, Turoff, et al, 2002, Li, et al, 2001, White, et al, 2007). 37

Good Paper Example : 

Good Paper Example United We Respond: One Community, One Voice Print this paper out as it’s a good sample to use as a guide/example. http://www.slideshare.net/conniewhite/united-we-respond-one-community-one-voice 38

A piece of cake! Nothing to it! : 

A piece of cake! Nothing to it! 39