Titanium

Titanium : 

Titanium The “Space Age Metal”

Physical Properties : 

Physical Properties Transition Metals Solid Atomic Mass. 47.867 Density: 4.506 kg/m3 Liquid Density: 4.11 kg/m3 Melting/Freezing Point: 1660˚C (1933K & 3020˚F) Boiling Point: 3287˚C (3560K & 5949˚F) Heat of Vaporization 421kJ/mol Specific Heat: 0.52J/gK

Chemical Properties of Titanium : 

Chemical Properties of Titanium Highly Resistant to corrosion and resistant to sulfuric acid; hydrochloric acid; chlorine gas, solutions; and most organic acids. Can withstand attack by acids, moist chlorine in water but soluble in concentrated acids. Forms an oxide coating. Oxide is a chemical compound containing one oxygen. Burns in air at 1200˚C, in pure oxygen at 610˚C or higher, forming TiO2, and in pure nitrogen gas at 800˚C, forming TiN. One of a few elements that burn with pure nitrogen gas. Resists tarnishing at room temperature. It is paramagnetic and does not conduct electricity or heat well. Paramagnetic is a weak magnetic attraction. Can combine with oxygen and chlorine and absorbs hydrogen. Heat of Fusion: 15.45kJ/mol

Atomic Structure of Titanium : 

Atomic Structure of Titanium Atomic Volume: 10.64cm3/mol Structure: Hexagonal Energy Levels: 4 Electrons/Energy Level: 2,8,10,2

Periodic Trends : 

Periodic Trends

Atomic Radius : 

Atomic Radius 140pm/ 2Å Ti has the lowest atomic radius in group. Ti has the fourth highest atomic radius in its row.

Electron Affinity : 

Electron Affinity 7.6kJ/mol Highest in its group Fourth lowest in row.

Electronegativity : 

Electronegativity 1.54 (Pauling) and 1.32 (Allrod Rochow) Fourth lowest in row but much lower than nonmetals. Highest in group.

Other Trends : 

Other Trends Ionic Radius: .605Å Covalent Radius: 1.32Å

Isotopes : 

Isotopes 38-63Ti are the only existing isotopes. 46-50Ti are the most stable naturally occurring isotopes and the most abundant. 44Ti has the longest half-life, 63 years. 11 radioisotopes have been characterized. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have a half-life of less than 33 seconds and half of them have a half-life of less than a second. A half-life is the time it takes for a substance to decrease by half.

Sources of Titanium : 

Sources of Titanium Found in ilmenite, rutile, and titanite. Iron Ores Produces 99,000 tons/year. Mined in Norway, India, Brazil, Canada, USA, and Russia. Also found in meteorites, the sun, ash of coal, plants, and human body.

Discoverer of Titanium : 

Discoverer of Titanium Discovered by William Gregor, amateur geologist and pastor, in 1791. Rediscovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist, in 1795.

Origin of Titanium : 

Origin of Titanium Martin Heinrich Klaproth named titanium for the Titans of Greek Mythology.

Chemical Reactions : 

Chemical Reactions When burning in air it creates a white flame but usually does not burn in the air Usually is inactive with water but reacts with steam from dioxide, titanium oxide, TiO2, hydrogen, and H2. Doesn’t react to halogens until it reaches 200˚C. The only acid titanium reacts with is dilute aqueous hydrofluoric acid. Does not react with any bases.

Uses of Titanium : 

Uses of Titanium Paint Rubber Paper Heat Exchangers Airplane Motors Bone Pins

Valence State : 

Valence State Maximum Oxidation Number: 4 Minimum Oxidation Number: -1 Most Common Oxidation Numbers: 0,4

Random Facts : 

Random Facts Ninth most abundant element on Earth.

Model Key : 

Model Key Small Blue Balls: Neutrons Small Red Balls Protons Medium Silver Balls: Electrons Large White Ball: Nucleus

Bibliography : 

Bibliography "Half-life -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 20 Mar. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-life>. "Isotopes of Titanium -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 20 Mar. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_titanium>. "Titanium -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 20 Mar. 2010. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium>. Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Titanium. Mar. 20, 2010 <http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/ti.html>. Barbalace, Kenneth. Periodic Table of Elements - Titanium - Ti. EnvironmentalChemistry.com. 1995 - 2010. Accessed on-line: 3/20/2010http://EnvironmentalChemistry.com/yogi/periodic/Ti.html. "| Titanium | Chemical Reaction Data." WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements. Web. 21 Mar. 2010. <http://www.webelements.com/titanium/chemistry.html>.