DM foot case report

Views:
 
     
 

Presentation Description

No description available.

Comments

Presentation Transcript

Diabetic foot case report: 

Diabetic foot case report 整形外科 周治剛醫師

Case Presentation: 

Case Presentation A 64 Y/O female DM type II ESRD, regular hemodialysis CAD, 3-v-d, s/p CABG Hypertension Gastric ulcer

Slide 3: 

2006/05/22 ~ 2006/06/15 Left tibio-fibular fracture=>Long leg casting Gastric ulcer bleeding AV shunt creation for HD

Slide 4: 

2006/09/05 ~ 2006/12/01 Left tibio-fibular => ORIF Left leg wound skin necrosis & left 2 nd toe gangrene => debridement & 2 nd toe amputation => Left 4 th toe amputation, left leg flap and skin graft for wound PAOD => Bifemoral cross bypass and femoral popliteal bypass

Slide 5: 

Artery bypass, Cilostazol, wound care ~ 2007/01/30

Slide 6: 

2007/03/07 ~ 2007/04/02 Left foot gangrene after contusion => left BK amputation => Left upper arm, AV bridge shunt

Slide 7: 

2007/04/25 ~ 2007/06/08 Left hand numbness and weakness => AV shunt Left dorsal hand 3rd degree burn => debridement 2007/12/17 Jugular permacath

Slide 8: 

2008/04/10 ~ 2008/04/12 Left dorsal hand 3 rd degree burn with index and middle finger bone exposure => debridement & wound care Right big toe, 2 nd & 3 rd toe burn wound infection => debridement 2008/05/28 ~ 2008/07/18 Right big toe, 2 nd , 3 rd toe & 4 th toe gangrene => right 1-4 toes amputation => right femoral-popliteal bypass

Slide 9: 

2008/08/01 ~ 2008/09/13 Right 5 th toe gangrene=> 5 th toe amputation & foot skin graft Plantar foot necrotizing fasciitis=> fasciiotomy 2009/03/11 ~ 2009/03/20 Gastric polyp bleeding => Endoscopic piecemeal mucoresectomy ~ 2009/05

Slide 10: 

2007/05 ~ 2009/05 OPD Right dorsal hand 3rd degree burn Wound care, secondary wound healing

Slide 11: 

2009/09/18 ~ 2009/09/30 (CVS admission) Right foot cyanotic and ischemic pain=> PTA

Slide 12: 

2010/01/07 ~ 2010/02/12 Right foot amputation wound necrosis & osteomeylitis Sequestrectomy PTA Right leg artery bypass thrombectomy

Slide 13: 

2010/07/02 ~ 2010/07/31 Right foot amputation wound necrosis & heel gangrene Right BK amputation

Slide 14: 

2010/08/26 ~ 2010/10/08 BK wound poor healing BK stump revision AK amputation

Patient History: 

Patient History 2006/05/22 ~ 2006/06/15 left tibio-fibular fracture 2006/09/05 ~ 2006/12/01 left leg wound skin necrosis & left 2nd toe amputation, left 4th toe amputation 2007/03/07 ~ 2007/04/02 left BK amputation 2007/04/25 ~ 2007/06/08 left dorsal hand 3rd degree burn 2008/04/10 ~ 2008/04/12 right 1-3 toes burn wound 2008/05/28 ~ 2008/07/18 right 1-4 toes amputation 2008/08/01 ~ 2008/09/13 right 5th toe amputation 2010/01/07 ~ 2010/02/12 right foot osteomyelitis 2010/07/02 ~ 2010/07/31 right BK amputation 2010/08/26 ~ 2010/10/08 right AK amputation

糖尿病的足部問題: 

糖尿病的足部問題 腳佔全身體表面積不到 2% ,它卻包含了 26 塊骨頭, 29 個關節, 42 條肌肉及 25 條肌腱,是人體單位面積內含有最多組織的器官。 由於糖尿病患者常有血管阻塞、神經病變、免疫功能低下的問題,足部一旦有傷口,續發性的感染就很快地擴散漫延,甚至導致敗血症而危及生命。 終其一生,糖尿病患者有 10% 的機會產生足部潰瘍,更有 25% 的糖尿病住院患者是因足部問題而住院治療。

糖尿病足發生之因素與治療: 

糖尿病足發生之因素與治療 Peripheral ischemia Medication, hyperbaric oxygen, artery bypass surgery Abnormal pressure loading caused by peripheral neuropathy and limited joint mobility Control DM, foot wearing, exercise Infection, immune system deficit Antibiotics, surgical debridement/ reconstruction/ amputation The Lancet, 2003

糖尿病足潰瘍形成過程: 

糖尿病足潰瘍形成過程 由於神經病變,足部對痛的感覺不靈敏,常因受傷而沒發覺,如踩到釘子、穿不適當的鞋,導致水泡產生等,未能及時適當處理和治療。 因周邊血管的病變,使血流不足,造成氧氣的供應無法到達,傷口難癒合,變成慢性潰瘍。 糖尿病人因白血球功能較差,吞噬殺菌能力也較低,再加上血管和神經病變,所以當足部皮膚受損,就很容易感染,一但感染便迅速蔓延。 細菌感染常侵犯深部肌腱、骨骼,或沿著肌腱走向往上蔓延,常會造成截肢或危害生命。

Charcot foot & toe ulcers: 

Charcot foot & toe ulcers

糖尿病足的治療: 

糖尿病足的治療 血糖的控制 患者常因食慾不振或不正常飲食,導致血糖忽高忽低,不但影響傷口癒合,也易因高血糖或低血糖造成昏迷。 如果血糖控制不好,會導致白血球噬菌能力減弱、抵抗力變差,較易感染。 臥床休息 可避免走動時,傷口承受身體重力的壓迫,使傷口更加惡化。 患肢若局部水腫,除會使血液回流差,也會對傷口造成壓迫的情形,可抬高患肢,以減輕腫脹。 抗生素的使用 糖尿病常檢驗出多種細菌感染,須使用抗生素來控制傷口感染。

足潰瘍局部治療: 

足潰瘍局部治療 儘速控制感染:細菌培養、抗生素 評估下肢血管: PE , Doppler ,血管攝影 血液循環藥物: Pleetal, Trental 動脈繞道手術 外科手術: 清創、截趾、截肢、皮膚移植皮瓣重建等 輔助性步驟: 高壓氧、特殊敷料、生長因子、遠紅外線等