MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR WHEAT QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

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w heat Use of Biochemical and Molecular Markers for Wheat Quality Improvement Somveer Nimbal AK CHHABRA Research

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w heat Projects: 1.Characterization of Backcross-Inbred Lines of Bread Wheat Using Protein and Isozyme Markers. (Master’s Research at Department of Plant Breeding, CCS, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar) 2.Development of Wheat Genotypes for Improved end-use Quality Using Proximate Analysis, Protein and Molecular Markers. (Research to be carried out during Doctoral Programme at CCS, HAU - Hisar) Research

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w heat Characterization of Backcross-Inbred Lines of Bread Wheat Using Protein and Isozyme Markers Objectives: To evaluate back-cross inbred lines derived from different sources for physico-chemical properties of grains (Proximate analysis) Research To characterize back-cross inbred lines for target traits i.e. drought tolerance, salt tolerance, vis.-a-vis. High and low molecular weight proteins.

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w heat MATERIALS & METHODS Method of Laemmli (1970) was followed to study polypeptide patterns using SDS-PAGE. Similarity index values were calculated based on (Nei and Li, 1979): In the present study, seven backcross inbred lines and their recurrent and donor parents were characterized using proteins/enzyme markers. Research

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w heat C306M10 X S948A1 KH65 X TORDO C591 X TORDO a b c Back cross inbred lines and their parents used in the present study Research

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w heat Research Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POX) and Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using anionic system of Ornstein (1964) and Davis (1964). SOD was detected following Wendel and Weeden, (1989). POX was detected by the method of Mitra et al. (1970) and MDH isozymes were detected by the method of Goldberg (1963). Isoenzyme

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w heat RESULTS SDS-PAGE of tris-soluble seed proteins revealed characteristics banding patterns for all the genotypes Similarity indices of soluble protein profiles of all BILs and their parents ranged from 73.1 to 100.0 percent Research

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w heat SOD POX MDH Isoenzymes Research

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w heat Research

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w heat Research

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w heat However, isozyme did not reveal considerable polymorphism since we studied isozymes of SOD, MDH and POX which are known to have implications in providing tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The isozymes hence may be considered as an active response of crop genotype to a degree of stress to which they are expressed. Hence, a greater polymorphism for isozyme would have been expected had it been given some degree of exposure to the BILs to stresses. However, we did not create any stress and hence the polymorphism for isozyme was low. Research

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w heat Characterization Our studies pointed to the possibility if tested properly for target traits under target environment a practical contribution in term of product (variety) would emanate from the present material on the basis of studies how so ever limited but precisely done.

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w heat Development of Wheat Genotypes for Improved end- use Quality Using Proximate Analysis, Protein and Molecular Markers. Objectives Research 2.Analysisof protein fractions and protein patterns thereof. 3.Characterization of genotypes for end use quality using DNA markers. 1.Physico-chemical and functional properties of commonly grown and newly developed wheat varieties.

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w heat Research Plans: 1. Chemical composition (protein, fat, fibre, sugar, and mineral) of raw samples will be determined. 2. F2 segregants will be analysed for protein fractions, banding pattern (HMW/LMW). 3. PCR based DNA markers (RAPD and SSRs) will be developed using random oligomers (primers) for identification of HMW and LMW combinations representing wheat quality for different end uses in parents and F2 bulks. 4. Corolary between DNA markers and end use quality will be established. 5. Linkage maps for markers will be developed using Genstat, map maker programmes. Research

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w heat Characterization Thanks Research must go on ………………