Floral Biology of peas

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Floral Biology FIELD PEA

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The Plant Field pea is an annual herbaceous legume adapted to cool, moist climates

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Tendrils

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Tendrils

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FLOWER Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs Bud stage

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Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs FLOWER Petal emergence

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Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs FLOWER Petal emergence: close view

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FLOWER Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs Front View

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FLOWER Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs Back view

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FLOWER Flowers are borne in the axil of leaf, always in pairs Back view

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FLOWER Fully opened Standard Wings Keel Corolla It consists of five petals in (2+2+1) condition having 1 standard, 2 wings and 2 keels that are fused except at their base. They cover the pistil and the stamens. The standard has notch in the center.

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FLOWER Corolla Parts (separated) Wings (2) Standard (1) notch Keels enclosing reproductive organs Calyx

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FLOWER Corolla Parts (Keel: close-up) Calyx Keels enclosing reproductive organs

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FLOWER Keel a b c Different views of keel (removed from the flower): (a) side view, (b) bottom view from where the androecium and gynoecium enter the keels (un-fused portion), and (c) top view (fused) opening fused

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FLOWER Reproductive organs taken out of keel, showing the attachment of keel, androecium, gynoecium and calyx to the peduncle Keel Keel (empty) Sepals Gynoecium Androecium (fused stamens) Free stamen

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Close-up of Standard COROLLA

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Pea Close-up of Wings COROLLA

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Close-up of Keels COROLLA

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Calyx It is composed of 5 sepals in gamosepalous condition. 2 sepals are behind the standard, 2 subtending the wings and fifth anterior one subtending the keel. calyx gamosepalous condition 2 behind standard 2 behind wings one behind keel

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Androecium (fused stamens) Androecium Gynoecium Gynoecium Free stamen Staminal column Anthers Androecium consists of 10 stamens in 9+1 arrangement. The filaments of 9 stamens are joint for much of their length to form a staminal tube around the ovary. The 10 th stamen is free. When young, the filaments are shorter than the style but elongate by the time of pollen shedding. Filament

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Androecium (fused stamens) Androecium Gynoecium Gynoecium Free stamen Staminal column Anthers Androecium consists of 10 stamens in 9+1 arrangement. The filaments of 9 stamens are joint for much of their length to form a staminal tube around the ovary. The 10 th stamen is free. When young, the filaments are shorter than the style but elongate by the time of pollen shedding. Another view Filament

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Androecium It consists of 10 stamens in 9+1 arrangement. The filaments of 9 stamens are joint for much of their length to form a staminal tube around the ovary. The 10 th stamen is free. Free stamen Androecium (fused stamens) Staminal column

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GYNOECIUM Ovary is superior, green and flattened containing 5-12 ovules. The style is slightly flattened, Cylindrical and bends at right angle to ovary. It recurs towards the ovary near its tips .The tip has a brush of stylar hairs. Stigma is elliptical, viscous and sticky. Gynoecium See next 2 slides for more details

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Ovary is green and flattened, the style is slightly flattened, cylindrical and bends at right angle to ovary. It re-curves towards the ovary near its tips. The tip has a brush of stylar hairs. GYNOECIUM 90o Ovary is green flattened style Hairy tip

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The tip of gynoecium has a brush of stylar hairs GYNOECIUM brush of stylar hairs Pollen grains dropped on stigma

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FLOWERING AND FRUITING Field View at pod formation stage

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Field View at pod formation stage FLOWERING AND FRUITING

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Appropriate size of flower for emasculation EMASCULATION

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Emasculation steps in Peas EMASCULATION Movie clips: 1. Emasculation in peas 2. Anther collection from male parent 3. Pollinating the female (emasculated flower)

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EMASCULATION EMASCULATED FLOWER (CLOSE-UP)

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Tagging/threading is done after emasculation and pollination Tagging

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Green pods Pod Formation

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PODS Mature pods (opened and closed) showing green grains attached to the ovary wall with placentas a b

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TO ADD Fruiting

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TO ADD Fruiting

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TO ADD Fruiting