Unit 1 Lesson 5

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Unit 1, Lesson 5: 

Unit 1, Lesson 5 Mapping the Earth

Latitude and Longitude: 

Latitude and Longitude Cartographers use a grid system to locate exact positions on Earth. Lines of latitude refer to distances north and south of the equator. Lines of longitude refer to distances east and west of the prime meridian.

South Williamsport, PA: 

South Williamsport, PA The precise location of South Williamsport, home to me and the Little League World Series is 41o 14’ N, 76o 58’ W.

Time Zones: 

Time Zones Earth is divided into 24 time zones. Each zone represents a different hour. The International Date Line, or 180o meridian is the transition line for calendar days. The calendar advances to the next day in each time zone at midnight.

Types of Maps: 

Types of Maps Maps are flat models of Earth’s surface. All maps contain some sort of distortion in the shapes or area of landmasses.

Map Types: 

Map Types Maps are made by transferring points and lines on a globe onto paper. Mercator projections and gnomonic projections are commonly used for navigation by ships and planes. Conic projections are best suited for mapping small areas.

Mercator Map: 

Mercator Map In a Mercator projection, points and lines on a globe are transferred onto a cylinder-shaped paper. Mercator projections show true directions but distort areas near the poles.

Gnomic Projection: 

Gnomic Projection In gnomonic projection, points and lines from a globe are projected onto paper that touches the globe at a single point.

Conic Maps: 

Conic Maps In a conic projection, points and lines on a globe are projected onto a cone-shaped paper. Along the line of latitude touched by the paper there is a little distortion.

Topographic Maps: 

Topographic Maps Topographic maps show changes in elevation of Earth’s surface.

Map Legend: 

Map Legend A map legend explains the symbols on a map.

Map Scale: 

Map Scale A map scale shows the relationship between distances on a map.

GPS: 

GPS The Global Positioning System is a satellite-based navigation system that allows a user to pinpoint his or her exact location on Earth.