PREGNANCY PALPATION: NICARAGUA

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BOVINE PREGNANCY DETECTION: 

BOVINE PREGNANCY DETECTION Bruce Olcott DVM,MS,MBA Winrock Nicaragua: 2006

Palpation: Technique: 

Palpation: Technique

Find the Uterus: 

Find the Uterus “Sweep” the pelvis Locate the cervix Locate broad ligaments.

Frontal view, cow reproductive tract: 

Frontal view, cow reproductive tract

Find the Cervix: 

Find the Cervix Sweep the pelvis Grasp the cervix

Pregnancy Palpation: Late pregnancy: 

Pregnancy Palpation: Late pregnancy

Pregnancy Palpation: Early pregnancy: 

Pregnancy Palpation: Early pregnancy

Positive Signs of Pregnancy: 

Positive Signs of Pregnancy

Vesicle and Fetus: 

Vesicle and Fetus

Membrane Slip: 

Membrane Slip Connective tissue band on the lesser curvature of the chorioallantoic membrane “blip”. “Like a thread in a cotton ball” Must palpate the entire diameter of the horn.

Fremitus: 

Fremitus

Placentomes: 

Placentomes Develop by 75-80 days and are present until term. Size varies with distance from fetus. They can be seen with ultrasound at 35-45 days.

Palpation Goal: 

Palpation Goal

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis: 

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis 35 day pregnancy Vesicle < 1 finger width 1 cm Membrane slip

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis: 

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis 45 day pregnancy 1.5 finger width Membrane slip Horn noticeably enlarged.

Early Pregnancy : 

Early Pregnancy 48 day pregnancy 2.0 finger widths 3.5 cm

Early Pregnancy: 

Early Pregnancy 52 day pregnancy 3 finger widths 5.5 cm

Early Pregnancy: 

Early Pregnancy 55 day pregnancy 3.5 finger widths 7.0 cm Vesicle is softening

Early Pregnancy: 

Early Pregnancy 58 day pregnancy 4 finger widths 7.5 cm

Placentomes: 

Placentomes

Fetal Size: 

Fetal Size

Pregnancy And Arterial Size : 

Pregnancy And Arterial Size

False Positive signs of Pregnancy: 

False Positive signs of Pregnancy

False Positive Pregnancies(Things that Will Mess You Up): 

False Positive Pregnancies (Things that Will Mess You Up)

Pregnant: Placentomes and fetus.: 

Pregnant: Placentomes and fetus. Uterine lymphosarcoma. There is no fluid in these but it sure can feel like a calf. Uterus with intramural abscesses can feel like placentomes.

Pregnant 90 days: fluid. : 

Pregnant 90 days: fluid. Pyometra This is a sequal to a Tritrichomonas infection. Four out of 90 cows were like this.

Pregnant 45 days: fetus palpated: 

Pregnant 45 days: fetus palpated Distended right horn with “bones” See next slide

Macerated Fetus: 

Macerated Fetus Macerated fetus. Calf remnants

Pregnant 7 months: can’t retract the uterus. : 

Pregnant 7 months: can’t retract the uterus. Uterine adhesions. Uterus over the brim of the pelvis and not retractable.

Pregnant 8 months: can’t retract the uterus, caruncles. : 

Pregnant 8 months: can’t retract the uterus, caruncles. Post partum uterus. Large horns Can’t retract Caruncles palpable Large cervix

Pregnant: left horn enlarged and membrane slip. : 

Pregnant: left horn enlarged and membrane slip. Inspissated pus left horn” Left horn filled with inspissated pus.

Pregnant 3 months: fetus palpated. : 

Pregnant 3 months: fetus palpated. Mummified fetus. Mummified fetus

Pregnant 5 months: uterus over the brim of the pelvis. : 

Pregnant 5 months: uterus over the brim of the pelvis. Freemartin. Couldn’t find tract. Assumed it was over the brim. Small tract with segments not present.

Pregnant: enlarged right horn. : 

Pregnant: enlarged right horn. No left horn present. This cow actually had several calves.

Ultrasound Diagnostics: 

Ultrasound Diagnostics

Bovine CL and Follicle: 

Bovine CL and Follicle

48 day pregnancy CR=3.5 cm: 

48 day pregnancy CR=3.5 cm

69 days preg 2.0 cm head: 

69 days preg 2.0 cm head